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作者： fletcher, Rebecca Adkins University of Kentucky

学位级别：Ph.D.

It has long been argued that the organization of the U.S. health care system is shaped by the struggles between capital and labor, and this relationship is of increasing significance today. Transformations from an industrial to a service economy, rising insurance costs, neoliberal social policies, and decreased labor union power have increased the number of Americans with reduced access to health care, especially for service workers and women. This dissertation is an ethnographic study of how workers in two leading unions in the “new” unionism movement, the Retail, Wholesale, and Distribution Service Union (RWDSU) and the United Steelworkers (USW) in urban Central Appalachia, characterize union membership and economic (and benefit) transformations that threaten security for working and middle class families. Using health care as a case study, this dissertation demonstrates the ways in which economic transformations are making health care less affordable for working and middle class families. Through a discussion of the importance of union membership that highlights job protection in the face of the expansion and increasing feminization of service work and the decline in work sponsored benefits, this dissertation details how these processes reduce access to and affordability of health care. In so doing, this research highlights individual pragmatic action and broader union activism in seeking economic and health security for their families. More broadly, new unionism tactics are described in the actions of a Central Labor Council as it seeks to renew community alliances and link rank-and-file concerns of job security to current labor issues, including the Employee free Choice Act and Right-to-Work legislation, on local, state, and national levels. This dissertation links access to health care problems in this community to broader national issues (e.g. job protection, service work, and outsourcing) and highlights how union members, individually and collectively, are p

关键词： " n e w " u n i o n i s m , e c o n o m i c t r a n s f o r m a t i o n , p o l i t i c a l

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Wear of semi-solid rheocast SiC_p/Al metal matrix composites

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2010年第S3期20卷 852-856页

作者： U.A.CURLE L.IVANCHEV Materials Science and Manufacturing Council for Scientific and Industrial Research(South Africa)

Rheocasting of plates in Al alloy 359 reinforced with SiC at 11%,27% and 50%(volume fractions) exhibits the capability of the council for scientific and industrial research-rheocasting system(CSIR-RCS) in rheo-processing and high pressure die casting of SiC metal matrix *** metal matrix consisting of nearly spherical proeutectic α(Al) globules was *** of fibrous eutectic silicon took place upon heat treatment of the as-cast metal matrix composites(MMCs).Hardness increases as the volume fractions of SiC *** rates of the MMCs in the f and T6 heat treatment conditions were assessed with a metallographic preparation *** is found that the 11% SiC MMC wear rate is higher on SiC abrasives compared with the 50% SiC MMC wear rate due to wear of the aluminum *** trend is reversed on diamond abrasives due to pull-out of the irregular shaped composite *** 50% SiC MMC suffers from composite particle fracture porosity after high pressure die casting(HPDC).

关键词： CSIR-RCS HPDC SiC f condition T6 condition wear rate hardness porosity

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Computer simulation of a hollow-fiber bioreactor: Heparan regulated growth factors-receptors binding and dissociation analysis

Computer simulation of a hollow-fiber bioreactor: Heparan re...

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作者： Zhang, Changjiang University of Kentucky

学位级别：Ph.D.

This thesis demonstrates the use of numerical simulation in predicting the behavior of proteins in a flow environment. A novel convection-diffusion-reaction computational model is first introduced to simulate fibroblast growth factor (fGf-2) binding to its receptor (fGfR) on cell surfaces and regulated by heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) under flow in a bioreactor. The model includes three parts: (1) the flow of medium using incompressible Navier-Stokes equations; (2) the mass transport of fGf-2 using convection-diffusion equations; and (3) the cell surface binding using chemical kinetics. The model consists of a set of coupled nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) for flow and mass transport, and a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for binding kinetics. To handle pulsatile flow, several assumptions are made including neglecting the entrance effects and an approximate analytical solution for axial velocity within the fibers is obtained. To solve the time-dependent mass transport PDEs, the second order implicit Euler method by finite volume discretization is used. The binding kinetics ODEs are stiff and solved by an ODE solver (CVODE) using Newton's backward differencing formula. To obtain a reasonable accuracy of the biochemical reactions on cell surfaces, a uniform mesh is used. This basic model can be used to simulate any growth factor-receptor binding on cell surfaces on the wall of fibers in a bioreactor, simply by replacing binding kinetics ODEs. Circulation is an important delivery method for natural and synthetic molecules, but microenvironment interactions, regulated by endothelial cells and critical to the molecule's fate, are difficult to interpret using traditional approaches. Growth factor capture under flow is analyzed and predicted using computer modeling mentioned above and a three-dimensional experimental approach that includes pertinent circulation characteristics such as pulsatile flow, competing binding i

关键词： N u m e r i c a l s i m u l a t i o n , l a m i n a r c o n v e c t i o n d i f f u s i o n

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The instruction of law in criminal justice: Purposes, methods, content, and faculty

The instruction of law in criminal justice: Purposes, method...

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作者： Swindell, Samuel V. S. Sam Houston State University

学位级别：Ph.D.

This is a study of legal instruction in the fields of study of criminal justice, criminology and other justice-related subjects, at the graduate and baccalaureate levels. Its purposes are to determine curricular content, instructional methods, instructional materials, faculty composition, faculty experience with certain methods, and the opinions of program directors and faculty on these subjects. The populations are the program directors for all such programs in the U.S., in their own capacities and as proxy for their programs, and a snowball sample of the instructors of law identified by such program directors. The first population was surveyed with a mailed instrument, and the instructors of law with a web-based instrument. The research questions are exploratory, and not optimized for inferential statistics. The statistical results are extensive but primarily descriptive in nature. They confirm some of the opinions, suppositions, and dated results in literature on the composition legal curricula and faculty. Those with a law degree as their highest degree (JD's) teach most of the undergraduate law courses, and criminal law is the most common course, followed by criminal procedure. At the graduate levels, fewer JD's teach, less law is taught, and that which is taught tends to be more of a sociological study of law than the study of black letter law, the actual legal doctrines in force. The methods pioneered by Langdell of Harvard law school in 1881 are highly popular with both program directors and faculty, despite the fact that law school and the subject programs have different goals. Attempting to control for various demographics and experiences did not yield any clear correlates of faculty opinion, but program directors opinions on the various aspects of the Langdellian method seemed related. Opinions of the desirability of a law degree over a PhD seemed surprisingly high across both samples. KEY WORDS: Legal instruction, Criminal justice, Law faculty, Legal ped

关键词： L e g a l i n s t r u c t i o n , C r i m i n a l j u s t i c e , L a w f a c u l t y ,

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A Theoretical Model of Organizational Ambidexterity in Hospitals

A Theoretical Model of Organizational Ambidexterity in Hospi...

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作者： Bodwell, Wendy Colorado State University

学位级别：Ph.D.

This study defined organizational ambidexterity (OA) and offered a theoretical framework for its application in hospitals and human resource development (HRD) theory and practice. Lynham‘s (2000) general method of theory building research for applied disciplines was used to construct the model. A survey instrument was developed and pretested on a small sample, then mailed nationally to 6,000 directors working in 2,000 randomly selected hospitals. forty-nine of 50 states participated in the survey. Wyoming was the only state from which responses were not received. Data were collected from 1,490 hospital directors and 893 hospitals and analyzed using principal components factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, analysis of variance, and multilevel modeling (MLM). findings showed exploration and exploitation are two latent factors of one second-order construct; OA specifically. findings revealed high levels of OA in hospitals generally and higher levels of OA in large hospitals than small ones. Investor-owned and not-for-profit hospitals reported similar levels of OA. Statistical evidence supported the notion OA is positively related to perceived quality and financial performance in hospitals. In the era of healthcare reform, theories and methods with potential for improving perceived quality and financial performance are relevant to meeting customer demand and sustaining hospital operations and strategy.

关键词： o r g a n i z a t i o n a l a m b i d e x t e r i t y ； a m b i d e x t r o u s f i r m s

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A Sociotechnical Systems Model for Production System Productivity Management

A Sociotechnical Systems Model for Production System Product...

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作者： Pomorski, Thomas R. Union Institute and University

学位级别：Ph.D.

Manufacturing enterprises prosper and grow through a process of continually improving productivity within the production system. Productivity optimization is not an option; it is daily act of survival. This dissertation investigates the proposition that manufacturing productivity optimization is achieved through integrated development and deployment of technology, organizational design, and manufacturing methods and practices. Sociotechnical Systems Theory is an open systems model that presents a framework to view the production system as a collection of technical elements that include work methods and practices, individual and collective organizational knowledge, and technological tools. The sociotechnical system also includes a social dimension consisting of work roles and relationships, informal relationships between groups, and social structures within the organization. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is used as an appropriate metric for production system productivity. This dissertation investigation develops a model for sociotechnical systems design that identifies specific technical and social elements to optimize production system productivity.

关键词： M a n u f a c t u r i n g P r o d u c t i v i t y , P r o d u c t i v i t y , T o t a l P r

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Technologies of apprehension: The family, law, security, and geopolitics in US noncitizen family detention policy and practice

Technologies of apprehension: The family, law, security, and...

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作者： Martin, Lauren Leigh University of Kentucky

学位级别：Ph.D.

This dissertation examines how US immigrant family detention policy emerged from reinvigorated border security priorities, immigration policing practices, and international migration flows. Based on a qualitative mixed methods approach, the research traces how discourses of threat, vulnerability, and safety produce detainable child and parent subjects that displace “the family” as a legal entity. I show that immigration law relies on specific kinds of geographical knowledge, producing what I call the ‘geopolitics of vulnerability.’ More broadly, I analyze how current immigration enforcement practices work at local, national, and international scales, so that detention deters future migration as much as it penalizes existing undocumented migrants. Tracing how legal categorization, isolation, criminalization, and forced mobility discipline detained families, I show how detention bears down on migrant networks, defying individualized and national scalings of immigration law. family detention, like the broader detention system, is authorized through overlapping forms of administrative discretion, and I analyze how the “plenary doctrine of immigration” resonates with ICE’s discretionary authority. finally, I trace how immigrant rights advocates mobilizes conceptions of “home-like” and “prison-like” facilities, and how ICE reimagined its “residential” facilities in response. Empirically and theoretically, my project contributes the first academic study of US family detention to research on kinship, citizenship, security, geopolitics, and immigration enforcement. Keywords: Immigration, Detention, feminism, Geopolitics, Borders.

关键词： I m m i g r a t i o n , D e t e n t i o n , f e m i n i s m , G e o p o l i t i c s , B o r

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The impact of neighborhood crime levels on police use of force: An examination at micro and macro levels using geographic information system techniques

The impact of neighborhood crime levels on police use of for...

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作者： Lee, Hoon Sam Houston State University

学位级别：Ph.D.

Research has shown that individual, situational, organizational, and contextual factors determine the levels of police force. Among these factors, neighborhood contextual factors have gained a considerable amount of attentions, relating neighborhood crime levels and police force. Prior research mainly examined the relationship either at the police district level or at the city level. Previous inquiries were also limited to a portion of criminal activities in neighborhoods, blurring the exact impact of neighborhood crime on police force. Using Geographic Information System techniques, the current study utilized four radial buffer zones around each use of force incident location to measure the impact of neighborhood criminal activities at the micro level on the amount of police force used. In addition, hierarchical linear modeling using neighborhood crime rates within police command areas allowed for a comparison study to measure the impact of neighborhood criminal activities at the macro level on police force. The current study found that neighborhood crime levels had the most positive effect of increasing levels of police force at the micro level. KEY WORDS: Police use of force, Neighborhood context, Crime rates, Radial buffer, Hierarchical linear modeling.

关键词： P o l i c e u s e o f f o r c e , N e i g h b o r h o o d c o n t e x t , C r i m e r

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A meta-analysis of dynamic risk factors for predicting recidivism

A meta-analysis of dynamic risk factors for predicting recid...

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作者： McGorty, Amanda L. Sam Houston State University

学位级别：Ph.D.

Research has identified many dynamic risk factors for recidivism. This meta-analysis investigated five potential risk factors that have direct implications for risk management. These risk factors (anger, hostility, self-esteem, victim empathy, and social skills/interpersonal competence) are often the focus of treatment within a forensic population. A total of 33 studies were examined and yielded an overall sample (N = 7235) that was predominantly male (n = 6808). Anger was found to be the most promising predictor (d = .39) with a 95% CI [.27, .52] with low victim empathy following closely behind (d = −.34, 95% CI = −.59, −.09). Small effect sizes were found for hostility ( d = .23, 95% CI = .13, .33) and self-esteem (d = −.19, 95% CI = −.37, −.02). Social skills/interpersonal competence was found to have a non-significant effect (d = .18, 95% CI = −.14, .51). These results indicate individuals that have higher levels of anger and hostility and lower levels of victim empathy and self-esteem are at a higher risk of recidivism. In addition, it is likely that treatment programs whose focus is one or more of these factors may manage risk and possibly reduce recidivism. KEY WORDS: Recidivism, Risk factors, Risk Management, Meta-analysis, Empathy, Social Skills, Anger, Hostility, Interpersonal Competence, Self-esteem.

关键词： R e c i d i v i s m , R i s k f a c t o r s , R i s k M a n a g e m e n t , M e t a - a n

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Exploring the Ability of Pre-employment Screening Measures to Identify Police Officers who Commit Crimes

Exploring the Ability of Pre-employment Screening Measures t...

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作者： Colbert, Ryanne Alliant International University

学位级别：Psy.D.

Incidents of police officers abusing their power and breaking the laws they are sworn to uphold are a longstanding, yet remains a virtually unstudied area of research. The present study explores the utility of two pre-employment selection measures, the MMPI-2 and the M-PULSE, to identify police officers likely to engage in criminal conduct during their careers in law enforcement. Specifically, this study seeks to further the research concerning whether there exists a certain combination of personality traits common among police officers who take advantage of their positions of authority and commit unlawful acts in violation of their duty as police officers to enforce the law. Archival data consisting of the pre-employment MMPI-2 and M-PULSE profiles for 100 police officers who have been charged with a crime and 100 control officers who have no reports of criminal activity was obtained from Matrix, Inc. The data was analyzed using logistic regression to determine whether there are differences in personality traits between officers who have been arrested and those who have not within four years of their initial screening. Results show differences between criminal and non-criminal officers on scales K and CYN from the MMPI-2, and the Criminal Conduct and Poor Emotional Controls scales from the M-PULSE. Keywords: criminal, law enforcement, MMPI-2, M-PULSE, police, pre-employment assessment

关键词： c r i m i n a l , l a w e n f o r c e m e n t , M M P I - 2 , M - P U L S E , p o l i c e

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