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作者： Huang, Guofang The Johns Hopkins University

学位级别：Ph.D.

This dissertation contributes to three distinct literature in Applied Microeconomics and Applied Microeconometrics. Chapter 1 empirically investigates the determinants of sellers' optimal pricing formats using data from the used car retail market. The focus is on the two popular pricing formats of posted price and haggling. A structural demand model is developed to estimate of dealers' profits under posted price and haggling without having to observe the actual transaction prices. A few counterfactual experiments based on the estimated structural model are conducted to investigate the conditions leading to the heterogeneous choices of pricing formats that we observe. The experiment results show that posted price tends to be the superior pricing format when a seller has significant market power. Chapter 2 proposes a new hypothesis for explaining the voluntary exchange of proprietary information between insurance companies. It is well-known that information asymmetry in the insurance market induces the so-called adverse selection problem, and which in turn could lead to very inefficient market outcomes and large social welfare loss. However what has been often ignored is that insurance companies obtain considerable information about their customers through transactions with them. Therefore over time the informational asymmetry may largely unravel if the insurers were to voluntarily share such privately gained information with each other. Such voluntary information exchange institutions actually have been established in the US and many other countries for a few decades, though why such institutions can be sustained in the market is still an unsettled question. This chapter develops a game-theoretic model to shed light on a new perspective for understanding such voluntary information exchange existing in the insurance market and many other markets. The key insight is that sharing the private customer information commits insurers to low premium for low risk customers in

关键词： P r i c i n g f o r m a t , I n f o r m a t i o n S h a r i n g , I n s u r a n c e M a r

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Gastronomy and otherness in Alphonso X's works: food identities in cartography

Gastronomy and otherness in Alphonso X's works: Food identit...

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作者： Moneypenny, Dianne Burke University of Kentucky

学位级别：Ph.D.

This thesis investigates Alphonso X's General Estoria, Estoria de Espanna, Cantigas de Santa María, Siete Partidas, and other writings in the alphonsine corpus to illustrate the concept of classification through diet. The work of this thesis is to reveal the gastronomic connections between central and peripheral relations in cartography. Through food symbolism and dietary behaviors, cuisine functions as the purveyor of an unrivalled sketch of a text’s characters and the social conditions of the text’s production. Once unraveled, these highly socialized norms of consumption confirm that diet and identity are inextricably linked and lead to a greater understanding of medieval Iberian cultural relations and attitudes revolving around food and the perception of the civility of the world. KEYWORDS: food, Cartography, Alphonso X, Medieval Spain, Anthropology.

关键词： f o o d , C a r t o g r a p h y , A l p h o n s o X , M e d i e v a l S p a i n , A n t h r o p

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What does the literature say about family therapy in the school setting? A content analysis

What does the literature say about family therapy in the sch...

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作者： Powell, Kim Texas Woman's University

学位级别：Ph.D.

The purpose of this study was to determine what has been written about family therapy in the school setting in the professional literature of the fields of family studies, family therapy, and education from 1999 to July 2010. Selected terms related to systemic family therapy in the school setting were used to search 18 scholarly/academic journals for articles on this topic. The number of articles found was presented as a percentage of the total number of articles published in the journal in the specified period of time. The professions of the authors of the articles were presented. The articles that met the selection criteria were qualitatively analyzed for themes. One predominant theme emerged through analysis of the texts: the usefulness of systemic family therapy in the school setting. No article was found that did not support the use of family therapy in schools. Passages of text from the articles were presented to illustrate the theme. Most articles discussed the usefulness of family therapy in the school setting for children's behavior problems. Texts illustrated the uses of family therapy in the school setting for diverse issues including selective mutism, giftedness, disability, asthma management, and dating adolescent couples. Conclusions from this content analysis, along with limitations and implications, are discussed. Recommendations for future research in the three fields, family studies, family therapy, and education, in the area of family therapy in the school setting are discussed.

关键词： E d u c a t i o n , S o c i a l s c i e n c e s , P s y c h o l o g y , f a m i l y t h e r a p

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Simultaneous in vivo recording of prompt and delayed fluorescence and 820 nm reflection changes during drying and after rehydration of the resurrection plant Haberlea rhodopensis

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2010年第6期1797卷 122-122页

作者： Strasser, Reto J. Tsimilli-Michael, Merope Qiang, Sheng Goltsev, Vasilij Nanjing Agr Univ Weed Res Lab Nanjing 210095 Peoples R China Univ Geneva Bioenerget Lab CH-1254 Jussey Switzerland Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridski Fac Biol Dept Biophys & Radiobiol Sofia 1164 Bulgaria

A new instrument (M-PEA), which measures simultaneously kinetics of prompt fluorescence (Pf), delayed fluorescence (Df) and modulated light reflection at 820 nm (MR), was used to screen dark-adapted leaves of the resurrection plant Haberlea rhodopensis during their progressive drying, down to 1% relative water content (RWC), and after their re-watering. This is the first investigation using M-PEA, which employs alternations of actinic light (627-nm peak, 5000 μmol photons m − 2 s − 1 ) and dark intervals, where Pf-MR and Df kinetics are respectively recorded, with the added advantages: (a) all kinetics are recorded with high time resolution (starting from 0.01 ms), (b) the dark intervals' duration can be as short as 0.1 ms, (c) actinic illumination can be interrupted at different times during the Pf transient (recorded up to 300 s), with the earliest interruption at 0.3 ms. Analysis of the simultaneous measurements at different water-content-states of H. rhodopensis leaves allowed the comparison and correlation of complementary information on the structure/function of the photosynthetic machinery, which is not destroyed but only inactivated (reversibly) at different degrees; the comparison and correlation helped also to test current interpretations of each signal and advance their understanding. Our results suggest that the desiccation tolerance of the photosynthetic machinery in H. rhodopensis is mainly based on mechanism(s) that lead to inactivation of photosystem II reaction centres (transformation to heat sinks), triggered already by a small RWC decrease.

关键词： Chl chlorophyll DT drying-time (of leaves) Df delayed fluorescence fd ferredoxin fNR ferredoxin-NADP + reductase f M and f 0 maximum and minimum fluorescence intensity, respectively J and I intermediate steps in the Chl a fluorescence rise (OJIP) appearing between f 0 and f M at about 2 and 30 ms, respectively LES “light emitting state” (responsible for Df emission by PSII) MR modulated reflection (here at 820 nm for the determination of P700 and PC oxido-reduction “modulated” refers to the light beam used) P700 Chl of PSI RC PC plastocyanin Pf prompt fluorescence OEC oxygen-evolving complex Pheo pheophytine PQ plastoquinone PQH 2 plastoquinol PS photosystem Q A and Q B primary and secondary quinone electron acceptors of PS II RC reaction centre RWC relative water content (of leaves) Tyr tyrosine. for abbreviations used in the JIP-test, see Table A1 in the Appendix Haberlea rhodopensis Delayed fluorescence JIP-test Prompt fluorescence Reflection changes at 820 nm Resurrection plants

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Economic analysis of vegetation management alternatives in Ontario.

Economic analysis of vegetation management alternatives in O...

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作者： Homagain,Krishnahari. Lakehead University

学位级别：Master

Vegetation management practices have become an integral component of forest management. Economics of alternative vegetation management treatments were analyzed in this thesis on the basis of two journal papers. Six research sites established and managed by Vegetation Management Alternatives Program of Ontario were the sources of data. In the first paper, differences in stem quality, and volume and value of fibre produced by planted white spruce [ Picea glauca Moench) Voss] 16 years after vegetation management treatments in northwestern Ontario were examined. forest Vegetation Simulator fVSOntario) was used to project the total and merchantable volume to age 70 and BUCK-2 was used to optimize the resulting product mix. Projected value was based on 2009 prices for hog fuel and SPf spruce-pine-fir) eastern green lumber prices. At 16 years post-treatment, gross total volumes in herbicide-treated and mechanically cut plots were significantly higher 120-165% and 94-98%, respectively) than that in control plots 14.73 m 3 ha-1). Based on height, diameter, and taper criteria, observed tree quality did not differ among treatments. The projected value of the fibre produced was 36 to 53% higher in herbicide-treated plots and 24 to 37% higher in mechanically cut plots than in control plots $18,486.76 ha-1). Second paper presents the stand-level benefit-cost analyses of 12 vegetation management treatments applied at six study sites in northern Ontario. Net present value NPV), benefit-cost ratio BCR), and internal rate of return IRR) for crop and all species in each treatment and site were calculated and compared using 2009 constant dollars and variable real discount rates. Aerial herbicide treatments produced the highest NPV, BCR, and IRR. Internal rates of return of 4.32% for aerial herbicide, 2.90% for manual brush cutting, 2.82% for ground applied herbicide, and 2.50% for brush cutting plus herbicide treatments indicated that all of the vegetation management alternatives evalu

关键词： A e r i a l h e r b i c i d e s , B U C K - 2 o p t i m i z a t i o n s o f t w a r e , b

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Adsorption of fluoride on synthetic siderite from aqueous solution

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JOURNAL Of fLUORINE CHEMISTRY 2010年第5期131卷 635-641页

作者： Liu, Qiong Guo, Huaming Shan, Yue China Univ Geosci Sch Water Resources & Environm Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The study has investigated the feasibility of using synthetic siderite for f- removal from aqueous solution. Batch experiments were performed to test effects of adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial f concentration, temperature, solution pH, and coexisting anions on f- removal. Results show that the kinetic rate of f- adsorption was high in the first 2 h, and thereafter significantly decreased. The kinetic data was better fitted to the pseudo-second order kinetic model than the pseudo-first order kinetic model. In comparison with Langmuir isotherm, both freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms better described the adsorption process, which indicates that the multilayer adsorption should be involved in the process of f- removal. Thermodynamic study manifests that f- adsorption on synthetic siderite was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The synthetic siderite had high adsorption capacity for f- removal, which was up to 1.775 mg/g in the batch with an adsorbent dosage of 5 g/L and an initial f- concentration of 20 mg/L at 25 degrees C. The adsorption was relatively independent on solution pH between 4 and 9. The presence of Cl- and NO3- had less impact on f- adsorption, while PO43- significantly affected f- removal from aqueous solution. Results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) suggest that the high adsorption capacity possibly arose from both coprecipitation of ferric hydroxide with f- and adsorption of f- on the fresh goethite. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Groundwater f Removal Kinetics Thermodynamics

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Phosphorylation of contractile proteins in response to α- and β-adrenergic stimulation in neonatal cardiomyocytes

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TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH 2010年第1期155卷 27-34页

作者： Decker, Robert S. Rines, Amy K. Nakamura, Sakie Naik, Tejaswitha J. Wassertsrom, J. Andrew Ardehali, Hossein Northwestern Univ Med Ctr Feinberg Cardiovasc Res Inst Chicago IL 60611 USA

alpha- and beta-Adrenergic receptor agonists induce an inotropic response in the adult heart by promoting the phosphorylation of several regulatory proteins, including myosin-binding protein C (MyBP-C), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and phospholamban (PLB). However, the adrenergic-induced phosphorylation of these proteins has not been characterized in the developing heart. Accordingly, we evaluated MyBP-C, cTnI, and PLB phosphorylation in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) after alpha- and beta-receptor activation with phenylephrine and isoproterenol. alpha-Receptor stimulation increased, whereas beta-receptor activation reduced MyBP-C phosphorylation. Isoelectric-focusing experiments indicated that the amount of monophosphorylated MyBP-C was sensitive to alpha-adrenergic activation, but diphosphorylated and triphosphorylated MyBP-C levels were largely unaffected. The phosphorylation of cTnI and PLB was consistent with the mechanism observed in adult hearts: alpha- and beta-Receptor stimulation phosphorylated both proteins. for cTnI, the greatest difference associated with beta-receptor activation was observed in the diphosphorylated state, whereas alpha-receptor activation was associated with a marked increase in the tetraphosphorylated protein and absence of the unphosphorylated state. Despite these apparent changes in cTnI and PLB phosphorylation, beta-receptor activation failed to alter calcium transients in NRCMs. Collectively, these findings suggest that, unlike cTnI and PLB, MyBP-C and inotropy are not coupled to beta-adrenergic stimulation in NRCMs. Therefore, cTnI and PLB probably play a more central role in modulating contractile function in NRCMs in response to catecholamines than does MyBP-C, and MyBP-C may have a structural role in stabilizing thick filament assembly rather than influencing cross-bridge formation in developing hearts. (Translational Research 2010;155:27-34)

关键词： cAMP cyclic AMP cTnI cardiac troponin I DMEM Dulbecco's modified eagle medium f fluorescence iso isoproterenol MyBP-C myosin binding protein-C MyBP-C–P 1 monophosphorylated MyBP-C RCM neonatal rat cardiomyocyte PKA protein kinase A PLB phospholamban Ser serine

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Effects of fungal statins on high-glucose-induced mouse mesangial cell hypocontractility may involve filamentous actin, t-complex polypeptide 1 subunit beta, and glucose regulated protein 78

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TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH 2010年第2期156卷 80-90页

作者： Hwang, Jyh-Chang Chang, Li-Chien Lin, Yuh-feng Shui, Hao-Ai Chen, Jin-Shuen Tri Serv Gen Hosp Div Nephrol Dept Internal Med Taipei Taiwan Chi Mei Med Ctr Div Nephrol Dept Internal Med Tainan Taiwan Natl Def Med Ctr Sch Pharm Taipei Taiwan Taipei Med Univ Shuang Ho Hosp Div Nephrol Dept Internal Med Taipei Taiwan Natl Def Med Ctr Grad Inst Med Sci Taipei Taiwan

Glomerular hyperfiltration is associated with mesangial cell hypocontractility. How 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) influence mesangial cell contraction is unclear. We investigated the effect of statins on mesangial cell hypocontractility and identified candidate proteins and filamentous/globular (f/G)-actin involved in this process. A high-glucose-induced mouse mesangial cell hypocontractility model was treated with fungal statins, simvastatin (Sim), lovastatin (Lov), and pravastatin (Pra). The optimum statin dose was determined by an 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MU) assay and then applied to a cell model. A 2-dimensional gel/matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer analysis was used to evaluate protein expression cells incubated in the presence of a normal level of glucose (N), a high level of glucose (H), and a high level of glucose plus Sim (H + S). Candidate proteins were analyzed. finally, the ratio of fIG actin in groups N, H, and H+S was evaluated. The MU assay showed that Sim and Lov exerted dose- and time-related inhibition of proliferation of mesangial cells at N, but Pra had no effect. The optimum doses selected for Sim was 1 mu M and for by was 3 mu M, which were 1 increment before significant proliferation inhibition. Both doses reversed cell hypocontractility significantly, but Sim was chosen for further proteomic and f/G actin analyses. Proteomic analysis of groups N, H, and H + S showed that 18 proteins were involved in hypocontractility. These proteins were grouped and analyzed based on their known functions. Two selected proteins, TCP-1 beta and GRP78, that were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, were confirmed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. In regard to the f/G actin, group H had a significantly lower ratio than that of group N, and group H + S returned to a level similar to that of group N. In conclusion, Sim and by both

关键词： 2-D gel/MALDI-TOf MS two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis/matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry C medium only group ddH 2O double distilled H2O DM diabetes mellitus DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium DN diabetic nephropathy ER endoplasmic reticulum f filamentous fBS fetal bovine serum fG filamentous/globular G Globular GRP78 glucose regulated protein 78 H high level of glucose H + S high level of glucose plus Sim HMG-CoA 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A HRP Horseradish-peroxidase IHC immunohistochemistry IPG immobilized pH gradient Lov lovastatin MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide N normal level of glucose PBS phosphate buffered saline p I/MW isoelectric point/molecular weight PMA phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate PMf peptide mass finger Pra pravastatin RT room temperature SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate Sim simvastatin statin 3-hydroxy-3methylglutanyl coenzyme-A reductase inhibitor TBST tris-buffered saline tween-20 TCP-1β t-complex polypeptide 1 subunit beta V vehicle only group WB Western blot

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Vaccination of mice with Porphyromonas gingivalis or fusobacterium nucleatum modulates the inflammatory response, but fails to prevent experimental periodontitis*

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JOURNAL Of CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY 2010年第9期37卷 812-817页

作者： Polak, David Wilensky, Asaf Shapira, Lior Weiss, Ervin I. Houri-Haddad, Yael Hebrew Univ Jerusalem Hadassah Med Ctr Fac Med Dent Dept Periodontol IL-91120 Jerusalem Israel Hebrew Univ Jerusalem Hadassah Med Ctr Fac Med Dent Dept Periodontol IL-91120 Jerusalem Israel

P>Aim To assess the potential of using vaccination with Porphyromonas gingivalis or fusobacterium nucleatum, in modulating local subcutaneous inflammatory response and alveolar bone loss following coinfection with both bacteria. Materials and Methods Mice were immunized against either P. gingivalis or f. nucleatum. The cytokine response to mixed infection with P. gingivalis and f. nucleatum was evaluated using the subcutaneous chamber model. The alveolar bone loss induced by oral mixed infection was evaluated by micro-CT using the experimental periodontitis model. Serum levels of specific antibodies were determined by ELISA. Results Vaccination with either bacterium produced a specific humoral response before infection. Animals immunized against either bacteria following a mixed infection with P. gingivalis and f. nucleatum, showed decreased TNf alpha (but not IL-1 beta) levels as compared with non-immunized animals. However, the vaccination did not change the level of mixed infection-induced alveolar bone loss when compared with non-immunized animals. Six weeks following the oral mixed infection, specific antibody titres remained high. furthermore, specific antibodies against the non-immunized bacterium were present at high levels. Conclusions While vaccination produced specific antibodies and suppressed the inflammatory response, it failed to prevent or reduce the progression of experimental periodontitis induced by mixed infection with P. gingivalis and f. nucleatum.

关键词： alveolar bone loss f nucleatum mixed infection P gingivalis vaccination

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Site-specific attachment of palmitate or stearate to cytoplasmic versus transmembrane cysteines is a common feature of viral spike proteins

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VIROLOGY 2010年第1期398卷 49-56页

作者： Kordyukova, Larisa V. Serebryakova, Marina V. Baratova, Ludmila A. Veit, Michael Free Univ Berlin Fac Vet Med D-10115 Berlin Germany Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ AN Belozersky Inst Physicochem Biol Moscow 119991 Russia Fed Agcy Hlth Care & Social Dev Inst Physicochem Med Moscow 119992 Russia

Many glycoproteins of enveloped viruses are known to be "palmitoylated" at cysteines located either in the transmembrane region or in the cytoplasmic tail. Although it was recognized early on that "palmitoylation" is not specific for this carbon chain, the exact fatty acid composition of S-acylated proteins has been difficult to determine. Advancements in mass-spectrometry (MS) now allow one to quantify the fatty acids linked to single acylation sites. We report that G of Vesicular Stomatitis virus contains palmitate at a cytoplasmic cysteine, whereas f of Newcastle Disease virus and El of Semliki forest virus (SfV) are stoichiometrically acylated with stearate at a transmembrane cysteine. E2 of SfV contains three molecules of palmitate and one molecule of stearate, the latter probably attached to a transmembrane cysteine. Thus, site-specific attachment of palmitate or stearate, previously described only for HA of influenza virus, is a common feature of viral spike proteins. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semliki forest virus E1 E2 Vesicular Stomatitis virus G Newcastle Disease virus f palmitoylation Viral membrane MALDI-TOf MS

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