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作者： Thompson, Jada University of Arkansas

学位级别：M.S.

In 2006 United States long grain rice stocks were found to be contaminated with LibertyLink 601, a genetically modified rice variety engineered to be resistant to Liberty herbicides produced by Bayer CropScience. Immediately the European Union shut import borders to United States rice without certification of non-contamination. The testing limits on each side of the Atlantic were non transparent leading to shipments being approved for export and denied access at import. This caused trade disruptions not only between the United States and the European Union but also other countries as a residual effect of the contamination. To analyze the effect of the LibertyLink contamination a spatial partial equilibrium model was employed to model the effect of the European policy on bilateral trade flows and prices. Economic losses to the United States and the European Union are estimated. Key Words: Rice, Genetic Modification (GM), Trade, US, EU

关键词： R i c e , G e n e t i c M o d i f i c a t i o n G M ) , T r a d e , U S , E U

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Tsunami risk assessment using geomatics in fujairah City, United Arab Emirates

Tsunami risk assessment using geomatics in Fujairah City, Un...

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作者： Abdouli, Khameis Mohamed University of Arkansas

学位级别：M.A.

The goal of this study was to give an estimate of the number of buildings, the area of these buildings, the rebuilding cost of these buildings, and people that are at risk, of various potential tsunami run-ups in fujairah city in the United Arab Emirates. Since the seismic activity has been increasing in fujairah City and its surrounding areas (Arabian and Omani Gulfs) and due to the lack of tsunami event records in the region, it was necessary to conduct this research to evaluate tsunami run-up risk levels in fujairah city. A numerical model was used that included the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) to represent the different tsunami run-ups in the city, based on the elevation. Almost all of the buildings in the city were digitized using IKONOS satellite imagery which was then placed over the numerical model to estimate the number and the areas of the buildings at risk in the tsunami run-up zones. Moreover, fujairah's population was added to the model to estimate the number of people at risk of tsunami run-up in each level. Several run-up risk maps were created to represent the buildings and population at risk of tsunami run-ups, in addition to graphs that illustrate the relationships between risk and the distribution of the buildings and the population. There was a noticeable relationship between the number and the area of the buildings, their rebuilding cost, and the number of people at risk of tsunami, and the run-up levels; the numbers within these variables increase if the run-up levels go up. Significant findings included: the increase in the number of buildings at risk in tsunamis of 6 – 10 and 11 – 15 meter run-up scenarios, due to the concentration of the residential and retail buildings in these run-up zones. Significant findings for the rebuilt cost were that the rebuilding cost of the buildings with one to three stories is higher than that of the buildings with 10 – 30 stories, due to the large quantity of the former. Since fujairah is a coastal city, alm

关键词： U A E , f u j a i r a h , t s u n a m i , r i s k , h a z a r d , r e b u i l d i n g c

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Predicting passenger trips for future energy and transportation investment planning

Predicting passenger trips for future energy and transportat...

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作者： Rentziou, Aikaterini Iowa State University

学位级别：M.S.

Passenger Transportation is one of the two major components of transportation sector (the other being freight) and it is one of the major factors affecting the energy demand and the need for transportation infrastructure investments. Specifically, 12% of energy consumption and almost 17% of total greenhouse gas emissions in the United States are attributed to passenger transportation, while the energy consumption due to passenger transportation is almost 60% of the total energy consumption in transportation sector. These statistics indicate the importance of predicting passenger transportation for future energy and transportation infrastructure investment planning. Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) is one of the most common measure estimating passenger trips in the United States and has been traditionally used to determine the need for new infrastructure. As the availability of energy resources and the funding for new infrastructure decrease, the need of forecasting VMT in the future for energy and transportation investment planning becomes vital. Various studies in the past have determined the factors affecting VMT. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, road infrastructure, and land use influence the amount of passenger trips, but also fuel prices and government policy. Increase of population and income per capita has been traditionally the factor resulting directly to the increase of VMT while areas with higher density result to lower per capita single vehicle travel demand. Moreover, the increase of fuel cost decreases VMT while the impact of lane miles is totally opposite. While previous studies have investigated the effect of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, or the effect of land use and road capacity, or the effect of fuel prices on VMT, the effect of these factors has not been fully examined in a multivariate context. The objective of this thesis is to determine the factors that influence passenger trips and develop a prediction model of VMT

关键词： P a s s e n g e r t r i p s , e n e r g y c o n s u m p t i o n , i n f r a s t r u c t u r

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Teen parenting and educational opportunity: The forgotten teen fathers

Teen parenting and educational opportunity: The forgotten te...

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作者： Stewart, Robin Onema The University of Texas at Dallas

学位级别：M.A.

This thesis was written in an attempt to help shed light onto a much needed area of research. Because of a lack of information in regards to the effects of teen pregnancy on male students, much of the literature that is sited in this paper reflects the effects on pregnant and parenting teenage females. It is felt that teens of any gender will experience some of the same hardships and barriers to attaining their educations after the birth of a child and, therefore, all of the articles that are used will be beneficial in developing a research agenda for teen fathers/fathers-to-be. This particular research article is focused on the perceptions of educators, families, and communities where male parenting students are concerned and possible reasons for these perceptions. In addition, the role of scientific literacy in teen pregnancy is also explored. In association with these findings, research recommendations are outlined in an effort to discover how these same factors affect pregnant/parenting males. Key Words: teen pregnancy, teen parent, teen father, educator perceptions, educator support, family support, community support

关键词： t e e n p r e g n a n c y , t e e n p a r e n t , t e e n f a t h e r , e d u c a t o r

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Twenty years of forest Service land management litigation

Twenty years of Forest Service land management litigation

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作者： Miner, Amanda M. A. State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry

学位级别：M.S.

The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the complexities of USDA forest Service land management litigation. It analyzed a census of lawsuits that were initiated from 1989 – 2008. The first manuscript describes 1064 forest Service land management cases that were initiated during the given timeframe by court outcome, case initiation and end year, case purpose, and the management activity challenged. The second manuscript analyzes all judicially decided cases for the statute composition of the litigant’s legal argument, and then it analyzes the 211 cases the forest Service lost by judicial decision and the statutes on which the forest Service was found to have violated. The third manuscript is an analysis of 671 court cases that challenged a forest Service land management decision on the grounds that the agency violated the National Environmental Policy Act, and it details the agency’s performance on different requirements set forth by the statute. Key Words: USDA forest Service, litigation, National Environmental Policy Act, land management

关键词： U S D A f o r e s t S e r v i c e , l i t i g a t i o n , N a t i o n a l E n v i r o n m

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forecasting tourist arrivals to the Bahamas using error correction models

Forecasting tourist arrivals to the Bahamas using error corr...

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作者： Charles, Jacky S. The University of Texas at El Paso

学位级别：M.S.

Tourism is the major domestic export for many countries in the Caribbean region. Given this, the variables which influence tourism demand in this region, as well as accurate forecasts, can assist policy makers in their planning efforts and growth strategies. This study utilizes error correction models (ECMs) to analyze tourism demand in the Bahamas. This is the first empirical attempt to estimate ECMs for tourism demand in the Caribbean region. findings suggest that income and habit persistence/word of mouth advertising are the primary determinants of tourism demand in the Bahamas, while the cost of travel is generally insignificant. To assess model reliability, the forecasts of the ECMs are compared to random walk and random walk with drift benchmarks. The study finds that while the ECMs provide fairly reliable forecasts, their performances are not superior to those of the benchmarks. Keywords: tourism, error correction models, forecasts, random walk, random walk with drift, Bahamas

关键词： t o u r i s m , e r r o r c o r r e c t i o n m o d e l s , f o r e c a s t s , r a n d o

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Defining a feminist Approach to Management

Defining a Feminist Approach to Management

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作者： Kane, Lisa The College of St. Scholastica

学位级别：M.A.

feminist management is a practice influenced by feminist philosophy and exists in the field of management. The definition of feminist management is based on certain values, behaviors, and leadership approaches. for instance, power sharing, relationships, mentoring, open communication, and collaboration are basic tenets of feminist management. Seeing feminist management as a practice influenced by feminist philosophy requires understanding hierarchical structures, organizational culture, gender roles, leadership behavior, and nontraditional management approaches. This project outlines literature that is specific to both feminism and management and covers nearly a four decade time span. The outcome is a definition of feminist management approaches. Key Words: Hierarchical management, circular networks, feminism, gender, upward mobility and soft management.

关键词： H i e r a r c h i c a l m a n a g e m e n t , c i r c u l a r n e t w o r k s , f e m i n i s m

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The impact of international trade composition on economic growth

The impact of international trade composition on economic gr...

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作者： Lingani, Bintou Howard University

学位级别：M.A.

The objective of this paper is to study and test the hypothesis that the composition of trade is important to a country's growth. This hypothesis has been introduced by Mazumdar (1996) who suggested that the composition of trade influences medium-run transitory growth. He explained that developing countries being capital goods importers and consumption goods exporters, gain more from trade openness than developed countries. Due to international trade, the relative prices of imported capital goods declined, leading to a decrease in the cost of new capital for developing countries. Using trade (import and export) data from the SITC (Standard International Trade Classification) review 4 from the United Nations COMTRADE, a trade composition variable (COMPO) was created using both capital and consumption goods. After empirical testing of fourteen developing and developed (Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Egypt, france, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Thailand, United Kingdom, and the United States) countries bilaterally from 1975 to 2005, the results support the hypothesis, and indicate that countries that import capital goods and export consumption goods experience faster economic growth than countries that export capital goods and import consumption goods. Hence, the composition of trade is highlighted as a valuable determinant of economic growth. Keywords: Composition of trade, economic growth, international trade, trade and growth.

关键词： C o m p o s i t i o n o f t r a d e , e c o n o m i c g r o w t h , i n t e r n a t i o n

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Chlorine and Its Derivatives

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China Chemical Reporter 2010年第14期21卷 15-18页

With the development of China’s salt chemicalindustry,the output and capacity of sodaash and chlor-alkali have increased *** ash has been in ***-alkaliplants mainly produce liquid chlorineand caustic *** development of chlorinederivative products is more importantbecause caustic soda is simpler to transportand store than liquid chlorine,and the downstreamproducts of liquid chlorine have

关键词： chlor alkali store downstream Shandong additives f

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In Search of Local News: How Readers' Desire for Information and Entertainment Predicts Their Choice of Online or Print Local News

In Search of Local News: How Readers' Desire for Information...

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作者： Marsh, Tina A. Rochester Institute of Technology

学位级别：M.S.

A 60-item mail survey of registered voters in two Rochester, N.Y.-area communities (n=185) assessed differences between information- and entertainment-seeking tendencies of those who use online and/or print media for local news. The research concluded that respondents with high information-seeking scores are not only using print media but also online media. In addition, online-only users showed a significant tendency for entertainment-seeking but not information-seeking. The study occurred amid the print newspapers’ fight to survive by launching or upgrading online counterparts. This research also discusses the implications of the findings for public discourse, a role traditionally played by local print newspapers. Keywords: Uses and Gratifications Theory; Newspapers; Online News; Information-seeking; Public Discourse

关键词： U s e s a n d G r a t i f i c a t i o n s T h e o r y ； N e w s p a p e r s ； O n l i

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