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Pharmacological effects and safety of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees

JOURNAL Of fOOD SCIENCE 2022年第3期87卷 1319-1330页

作者： Tian, Jingzhuo Li, Chunying Meng, Jing Wang, Lianmei Tong, Yan Zhao, Yong Yi, Yan Zhang, Yushi Xian, Zhong Pan, Chen Liu, Suyan Han, Jiayin Liang, Aihua China Acad Chinese Med Sci Inst Chinese Mat Med 16 NanxiaojieDongzhimen Nei Ave Beijing 100700 Peoples R China

Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees (AP) is widely used in most Asian and some Western countries. However, its main effects and underlying pharmacological mechanism have not been thoroughly characterized, and its safety has not been sufficiently investigated. The present study aimed to predict and visualize the potential targets and pathways, clarify the main pharmacological effects, and investigate the toxicological properties of AP extract (APE). first, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was performed to directly predict AP's therapeutic targets and pathways;main pharmacological effects of AP were speculated based on IPA results and confirmed by pharmacodynamics experiments. Rodent toxicity studies were then performed through administration of a single dose of 10 g/kg or daily doses of 2, 1, or 0.5 g/kg for 8 weeks to evaluate the safety of APE, and a similar repeated-dose study was performed using dogs with doses equal to half of the above-mentioned doses. Thus, repeated-dose toxicity studies were performed with both rodents and nonrodents. The IPA analysis and confirmatory pharmacodynamics experiments revealed that the main pharmacological effect of APE was anti-inflammation, which might be achieved by influencing various targets (e.g., AR, AKT, and BAX) and pathways (IL-8). In the single-dose toxicity test, no death or abnormal consequences were observed, and maximum tolerated dose of APE was 10 g/kg. Results from the repeated-dose toxicity tests did not reveal any obvious toxic effects from the repeated daily intragastric administration of APE at 1 g/kg for 8 weeks. In conclusion, APE at a dose of 1 g/kg did not exert any adverse effects, and administration of APE could be beneficial for the inflammatory diseases' treatment. Practical Application Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees is a plant that exerts clearing and detoxification effects and is widely used around the world, but a comprehensive analysis of its efficacy and safety is needed.

关键词： extract of Andrographis paniculata (Burm f ) Nees ingenuity pathway analysis pharmacological effect repeated-dose toxicity study single-dose toxicity study

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Nucleotide sequence of the f plasmid leading region

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PLASMID 1999年第3期41卷 219-225页

作者： Manwaring, NP Skurray, RA firth, N Univ Sydney Sch Biol Sci Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

The entire nucleotide sequence of the first DNA segment of the conjugative f plasmid to enter the recipient cell, the leading region, is described. Analysis of the sequence provides further evidence that products encoded within the 13.2-kb leading region are likely to be expressed and perform functions associated with the transferred strand in the recipient cell, (C) 1999 Academic Press.

关键词： f factor Bacterial Proteins DNA Bacterial f

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DEMONSTRATION Of 2 EXCHANGEABLE NONCATALYTIC AND 2 COOPERATIVE CATALYTIC SITES IN ISOLATED BOVINE HEART MITOCHONDRIAL f1, USING THE PHOTOAffINITY LABELS [2-H-3]8-AZIDO-ATP AND [2-H-3]8-AZIDO-ADP

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1986年第1期850卷 121-130页

作者： VANDONGEN, MBM BERDEN, JA Laboratory of Biochemistry University of Amsterdam P.O. Box 20151 1000 HD Amsterdam The Netherlands

The photoreactive nucleotides [2- 3 H]8-azido-ATP and [2- 3 H]8-azido-ADP could be used to label the nucleotide binding sites on isolated mitochondrial f 1 -ATPase to a maximum of 4 mol of nucleotide per mol f 1 , also when the f 1 was depleted of tightly bound nucleotides. At a photolabel concentration of 300–1000 μM, label was found on both α and β subunits in a typically 1:3 ratio, independent of the total amount bound. Under these conditions the covalent binding of two nucleotides is needed for full inactivation (Wagenvoord, R.J., Van der Kraan, I. and Kemp, A. (1977) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 460, 17–24). At lower concentrations of [2- 3 H]8-azido-ATP (20 μM), it was found that covalent binding of only 1 mol of nucleotide per mole f 1 was required for complete inactivation to take place indicating catalytic site cooperativity in the mechanism of ATP hydrolysis. Under those conditions, radioactivity was only found on the β subunits, which would indicate that the catalytic site is located on a β subunit and that a second site is located on the α/β interface. It is found that four out of the six nucleotide binding sites are exchangeable and can be labelled with 8-azido-AT(D)P, i.e., two catalytic sites and two non-catalytic sites.

关键词： 8-Azido-ATP 8-Azido-ADP f 1 -ATPase Photoaffinity labelling Cooperative catalytic site 8-N-ATP 8-nitreno-adenosine-5′-triphosphate Mes 4-morpholineethanesulphonic acid Mops 4-morpholine-propanesulphonic acid NAP 3 3′ O -[3-[ N -(4-azido-2-nitrophenyl)-amino]propionyl

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Aureanin: a new iridoid from the leaves of Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook.f. ex ***

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NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH 2024年第2期38卷 236-244页

作者： Mahmoud, Amany Hamouda Mahmoud, Basma Khalaf Samy, Mamdouh Nabil fouad, Mostafa Ahmad Kamel, Mohamed Salah Matsunami, Katsuyoshi Minia Univ Fac Pharm Dept Pharmacognosy Al Minya Egypt Hiroshima Univ Grad Sch Biomed & Hlth Sci Dept Pharmacognosy Hiroshima Japan

One new iridoid named aureanin (1) was isolated from the leaves of Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook.f. ex ***, together with eight known compounds, isoquercetin (2), astragalin (3), callicoside B (4), amphipaniculoside E (5), rehmaglutin D (6), quercetin-3-sambubioside (7), rutin (8), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (9). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated and confirmed by spectroscopic methods, including 1 D and 2 D NMR experiments, as well as HR-ESI-MS. Compounds 1-9 were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against three human cancer cell lines (A549, HepG2, and MCf-7) and Leishmania major. Compound 4 showed activity against A549 (IC50: 36.8 +/- 1.5 mu g/mL, etoposide (positive control): 28.1 +/- 4.2 mu g/mL), however, none of the compounds were active against L. major.

关键词： Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth & Hook f ex S Moore Bignoniaceae iridoid aureanin cytotoxicity antileishmania

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STUDIES ON THE CYTOCHROME B6/f COMPLEX .2. LOCALIZATION Of THE COMPLEX IN THE THYLAKOID MEMBRANES fROM SPINACH AND CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII BY IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY AND fREEZE-fRACTURE ANALYSIS Of B6/f MUTANTS

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1986年第2期851卷 239-248页

作者： OLIVE, J VALLON, O WOLLMAN, fA RECOUVREUR, M BENNOUN, P UNIV PARIS 07 INST JACQUES MONOD MICROSCOPIE ELECTR LAB CNRS 2 PL JUSSIEU F-75251 PARIS 05 FRANCE INST BIOL PHYS CHIM SERV PHOTOSYNTHESE F-75231 PARIS 05 FRANCE

The distribution of the b6/f complex among stacked and unstacked thylakoid membranes was studied by immunocytochemistry and freeze-fracture analysis of mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lacking the complex. Immunogold labeling demonstrates the presence of b6/f complex in both regions of the thylakoid membrane in spinach and in C. reinhardtii. Numerous modifications were observed in the ultrastructure of the thylakoid membranes of mutants from C. reinhardtii lacking the complex. These modifications are consistent with the presence of b6/f complexes in different states of association in the stacked and unstacked regions of the thylakoid membrane. In particular we present evidence for an association of some b6/f complexes with the reaction centers of Photosystem I and II in large Pfu and Efs particles, respectively.

关键词： Cytochrome b 6 / f complex freeze-fracture Immunocytochemistry Thylakoid membrane Membrane stacking ( C. reinhardtii ) Ef exoplasmic fracture face Pf protoplasmic fracture face s stacked u unstacked PS Photosystem Cyt cytochrome DCMU 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea TMBZ 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine

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STABILIZATION Of RAT-LIVER MITOCHONDRIAL f1-ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE DURING CHLOROfORM-INDUCED SOLUBILIZATION

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1979年第2期547卷 177-187页

作者： KOPECKY, J KUZELA, S KRAML, J DRAHOTA, Z SLOVAK ACAD SCI CANC RES INST CS-80936 BRATISLAVA CZECHOSLOVAKIA CHARLES UNIV INST MED CHEM 1 PRAGUE CZECHOSLOVAKIA

Isolation of ATPase from rat liver submitochondrial particles by chloroform treatment requires the presence of ATP or ADP during enzyme solubilization. In the absence of adenine nucleotides the enzyme activity is very low although all protein components of f1-ATPase are released. The low concentrations of ATP or ADP required (5 .mu.M) indicate that the high affinity nucleotide-binding sites are involved in enzyme stabilization. Other nucleotides tested (ITP, GTP, UTP, CTP) were less effective. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunodiffusion in agar plates revealed that in the absence of adenine nucleotides a fraction of f1-ATPase released by chloroform treatment is split into fragments. The part of the dissociated enzyme molecule has a MW identical with that of a .beta.-subunit of f1-ATPase. Dissociation of the f1-ATPase molecule was prevented by aurovertin. Crude f1-ATPase solubilized by chloroform treatment was further purified by Sepharose 6B gel filtration. Specific ATPase activity of the purified enzyme was 90 .*** Pi/min per mg protein and the enzyme was composed of 5 protein subunits (.alpha., .beta., .gamma., .delta., .epsilon.) and MW 58,000, 55,000, 28,000, 13,000 and 8000, respectively. Chloroform-released f1-ATPase from rat liver mitochondria displayed immunochemical cross-reactivity with that isolated from beef heart mitochondria.

关键词： Solubilization Stabilization f 1 -ATPase Chloroform ATPase adenosine triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.3) f 1 -ATPa se soluble ATPase from mitochondria P i inorganic orthophosphate SDS sodium dodecyl sulphate

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OCCURRENCE Of 2-AMINO-3-METHYLIMIDAZO[4,5-f]QUINOLINE (IQ), 2-AMINO-6-METHYLDIPYRIDO[1,2-A-3',2'-D]IMIDAZOLE (GLU-P-1) AND OTHER HETEROCYCLIC AMINE MUTAGENS IN OIL Of CHARRED EGG-YOLK (RANYU)

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MUTATION RESEARCH 1990年第4期240卷 259-266页

作者： KATO, T KIKUGAWA, K ASANOMA, M SAKABE, Y TOKYO COLL PHARM 1432-1 HORINOUCHI HACHIOJI TOKYO 19203 JAPAN NAGOYA CITY HLTH RES INST MIZUHO KU NAGOYA 467 JAPAN

Mutagenicity of oil of charred egg yolk (called ranyu in Japanese), which is commercially available and consumed as a health food in Japan, was tested on Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 with and without metabolic activation. Both strains showed a high response to the oil, and the number of His+ revertant colonies with strain TA98 was 15,000-20,000 for 1 g equivalent amount of the oil. The mutagens were purified by acid extraction, chloroform extraction after alkalization, dialysis, adsorption to blue cotton, passing through a Sephadex LH-20 column and several stages of high-pressure liquid chromatography with reverse-phase columns. At least 7 heterocyclic amine mutagens were detected. Two of them were suggested to be 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) and 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3'',2''-3]imidazole (Glu-P-1). One was suggested to be 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ). The others were not identified but distinguishable from 12 known heterocyclic amine mutagens. The estimated minimum contents of IQ and Glu-P-1 were 1.1 ng/g and 4.8 ng/g, respectively.

关键词： Oil of charred egg yolk (ranyu) Mutagenicity 2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5- f ]quinoline (IQ) 2-Amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2- a :3′2′- d ]imidazole(Glu-P-1) Heterocyclic amine

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THE f1f0-ATPASE Of ESCHERICHIA-COLI - THE SUBSTITUTION Of ALANINE BY THREONINE AT POSITION-25 IN THE C-SUBUNIT AffECTS fUNCTION BUT NOT ASSEMBLY

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1985年第2期808卷 252-258页

作者： fIMMEL, AL JANS, DA HATCH, L JAMES, LB GIBSON, f COX, GB Department of Biochemistry John Curtin School of Medical Research Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

A mutant strain of E. coli carrying a mutation in the uncE gene which codes for the c-subunit of the f1f0-ATPase was isolated and examined. The mutant allele, designated uncE513, results in alanine at position 25 of the c-subunit being replaced by threonine. The mutant f1f0-ATPase appears to be fully assembled and is partially functional with respect to oxidative phosphorylation. The ATPase activity of membranes from the mutant strain is resistant to the inhibitor dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, but this is due to the f1-ATPase being lost from the membranes in the presence of the inhibitor. Mutant membranes from which the f1-ATPase was removed have a greatly reduced proton permeability compared with similarly treated normal membranes. The results are discussed in relation to a previously proposed mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation.

关键词： f 1 f 0 -ATPase Amino acid substitution Oxidative phosphorylation ( E. coli ) ATPase Mg 2+ -stimulated adenosine triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.3) DCCD dicyclohexylcarbodiimide NTG N -methyl- N ′-nitro- N -nitrosoguanidine P i inorganic phosphate

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PURIfICATION fROM A YEAST MUTANT Of MITOCHONDRIAL-f1 WITH MODIfIED BETA-SUBUNIT - HIGH-AffINITY fOR NUCLEOTIDES AND HIGH NEGATIVE COOPERATIVITY Of ATPASE ACTIVITY

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1989年第1期975卷 119-126页

作者： fALSON, P DIPIETRO, A JAULT, JM GAUTHERON, DC BOUTRY, M UNIV LYON 1 CNRS BIOL & TECHNOL MEMBRANES LAB 43 BD 11 NOVEMBRE 1918 F-69622 VILLEURBANNE FRANCE CATHOLIC UNIV LOUVAIN ENZYMOL LAB B-1348 LOUVAIN LA NEUVE BELGIUM

Mitochondrial f1 containing genetically modified .beta.-subunit was purified for the first time from a mutant of the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Precipitation by poly(ethylene glycol) allowed us to obtain a very stable and pure enzyme from either mutant or wild-type strain. In the presence of EDTA, purified f1 retained high amounts of endogenous nucleotides: 4.6 mol/mol and 3.7 mol/ mol for mutant and wild-type f1, respectively. The additional nucleotide in mutant f1 was ATP;it was lost in the presence of Mg2+, which led to a total of 3.4 mol of nucleotides/mol whereas wild-type f1 retained all its nucleotides. Mutant f1 bound more exogenous ADP than wild-type f1 and the same total nucleotide amount was reached with both enzymes. Kinetics of ATPase activity revealed a much higher negative cooperativity for mutant than for wild-type f1. Bicarbonate abolished this negative cooperativity, but higher concentrations were required for mutant f1. The mutant enzyme was more sensitive than the wild-type one to azide inhibition and ADP competitive inhibition;this indicated stronger interactions between nucleotide and f1 in the mutant enzyme. The latter also showed increased sensitivity to N,N''-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide irreversible inhibition.

关键词： ATPase f 1 Yeast mutant Beta subunit Enzyme kinetics Nucleotide Negative cooperativity (S. pombe) DCCD N,N′ -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide f 1 solubilized mitochondrial ATPase Mops 4-morpholinepropanesulfonic acid PAB ρ-aminobenzamidine PEG poly(ethylene glycol)

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ON THE DISTRIBUTIONS Of THE fUNCTIONS Of THE f-MATRIX UNDER AN ELLIPTICAL POPULATION

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JOURNAL Of STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INfERENCE 1989年第1期21卷 41-52页

作者： HAYAKAWA, T HITOTSUBASHI UNIV DEPT ECONKUNITACHITOKYO 186JAPAN

This paper studies the asymptotic behavior of the determinant, latent roots and latent vectors, and trace of the multivariate f -matrix under an elliptical population. The normalizing transformations for the determina... 详细信息

关键词： Elliptical population multivariate f -matrix determinant latent roots and latent vectors Hotelling's T 2 0 .

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