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The modification of the amino terminal region of Escherichia coli proteins after initiation with methionine analogues

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BBA Section Nucleic Acids And Protein Synthesis 1973年第3期294卷 527-529页

作者： Brown, Jerry L. Department of Biochemistry University of Colorado Medical School Denver CO 80220 4200 East Ninth Avenue United States

关键词： tRNA Met methionine-accepting species of tRNA tRNA Met f methionine-accepting species of tRNA that can be formylated

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ANNUAL SURVEY COVERING YEAR 1971 - ORGANOMETALLIC STRUCTURES - TRANSITION-METALS

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JOURNAL Of ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 1973年第FEB1期48卷 303-349页

作者： BRUCE, MI UNIV BRISTOL DEPT INORG CHEM BRISTOL BS8 1TS GLOUCESTERSHIRE ENGLAND

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f₁·X, a complex between f₁ and OSCP

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BBA - Bioenergetics 1972年第1期267卷 25-36页

作者： van de Stadt, R.J. Kraaipoel, R.J. van dam, K. Laboratory of Biochemistry B. C. P. Jansen Institute Postal address: Plantage Muidergracht 12 Amsterdam The Netherlands. University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands

1. 1. f1 and OSCP, soluble coupling factors isolated from beef-heart mitochondria, form a complex. 2. 2. The binding between f1 and OSCP is weakened by (NH4)2SO4, but not enough to allow complete separation of f1 and ... 详细信息

1. 1. f₁ and OSCP, soluble coupling factors isolated from beef-heart mitochondria, form a complex. 2. 2. The binding between f₁ and OSCP is weakened by (NH₄)₂SO₄, but not enough to allow complete separation of f₁ and OSCP in a linear sucrose gradient. Complete separation is achieved when both (NH₄)₂SO₄ and deoxycholate are present. 3. 3. f₁·X, a coupling factor also isolated from beef-heart mitochondria, can be separated in f₁ and OSCP activities in the presence of (NH₄)₂SO₄ and deoxycholate by centrifugation in a linear sucrose gradient or by gel filtration on a Sephadex G-100 column. 4. 4. f₁·X preparations of low specific activity contain a contaminating protein. This protein can be dissociated from the complex by (NH₄)₂SO₄. f₁·X preparations with a high specific activity are virtually free of this contaminating protein. 5. 5. f₁·X preparations contain approximately 30% free f₁. 6. 6. Analytical gel electrophoresis of f₁·X, f₁ and OSCP in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate indicates that apart from f₁ and OSCP no other components are present in pure f₁·X. © 1972.

关键词： f 1 mitochondrial ATPase OSCP oligomycin-sensitivity-conferring protein A particles submitochondrial particles prepared by sonication of heavy beef-heart mitochondria at an alkaline pH (ammonia) ASU particles submitochondrial particles, prepared by treatment of A particles with Sephadex G-50 and urea ASUA particles submitochondrial particles prepared by exposure of ASU particles to sonic oscillation in the presence of ammonia f 0 activity property of mitochondrial membrane fragments to bind f 1 in such a way that the ATPase activity becomes sensitive to oligomycin

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COMPARATIVE PHOSPHOLIPID COMPOSITIONS Of ADULT fEMALE XYLEBORUS-fERRUGINEUS AND ITS MUTUALISTIC fUNGAL ECTOSYMBIONTS

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COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1972年第2B期42卷 245-+页

作者： KOK, LT NORRIS, DM Department of Entomology University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA

1. 1. Phospholipid compositions of adult female Xyleborus ferrugineus beetle and its fungal ectosymbionts, fusarium solani, Cephalosporium sp. and Graphium sp., were analyzed and compared. 2. 2. There was similarity in the qualitative phospholipid composition among the three fungi, and between the fungi and X. ferrugineus . 3. 3. Major components were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE),phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylinositol (PI). 4. 4. PC and PE accounted for over 60 per cent of the phospholipids in Cephalosporium sp. and f. solani , but for more than 80 per cent in Graphium sp. and the beetle because of larger PE content. 5. 5. In terms of lipid phosphorus per unit dry weight, there was a 2 : 3: 4 ratio for f. solani : Cephalosporium sp.: Graphium sp.; and 10 μmoles/g of beetle.

关键词： PE phosphatidylethanolamine PC phosphatidylcholine PI phosphatidylinositol LPC lysophosphatidylcholine PA phosphatidic acid PS phosphatidylserine TLC thin-layer chromatography r.h. relative humidity CHCI 3 chloroform MeOH methanol R f retention time NH 4 OH ammonium hydroxide AcOH glacial acetic acid H 2 SO 4 sulphuric acid Two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography ectosymbiosis lipids ambrosia fungi ambrosia beetle Scolytidae mutualistic fungi phospholipid patterns in insects and fungal symbionts Xyleborus ferrugineus

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RECOGNITION Of EUKARYOTIC INITIATOR TRANSfER-RNA BY AN INITIATION fACTOR AND TRANSfER Of METHIONINE MOIETY INTO PEPTIDE LINKAGE

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972年第1期287卷 124-&页

作者： DETTMAN, GL STANLEY, WM Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry School of Biological Sciences University of California Irvine Calif. 92664 U.S.A.

A protein factor, obtained from 0.5 M KCl extracts of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes, forms a GTP-dependent complex with the initiator tRNA from rabbit liver, Met-tRNA Met f . This activity has been purified approx. 125-fold by ion-exchange chromatography upon DEAE-cellulose and hydroxylapatite. Complex formation can be observed by virtue of the complex's elution position from Sephadex G-100 and by its retention on Millipore (nitrocellulose) filters. Complex formation is dependent on the presence of GTP; Met-tRNA Met f and GTP bind to the purified factor in a 1 : 1 ratio. 5′-Guanylylmethylenediphosphonate ( Guo -5′-P 2 CH 2 P ) is 50 % as efficient as GTP, while GDP is unable to substitute for GTP. In the presence of saturating amounts of protein and GTP, complex formation is proportional to the amount of Met-tRNA Met f added. With excess amounts of GTP and Met-tRNA Met f , complex formation is proportional to the protein concentration. Heating a solution of the protein at 75 °C for 15 min destroys 80 % of the Met-tRNA Met f binding capacity. Met-tRNA Met m and Phe-tRNA Phe bind poorly to the protein. The binding of the initiator tRNA to the 40-S ribosomal subunit and to the 80-S ribosome of reticulocytes in the presence of the triplet ApUpG is dependent on the initiation factor. The factor stimulates the in vitro incorporation of methionine from [ 35 S]Met-tRNA Met f into acid-insoluble material using ApUpG(pU) n ( n = 25 ± 5 ) as the messenger. The ternary complex, consisting of [ 35 S]Met-tRNA Met f , GTP and factor, was separated from free GTP and [ 35 S]Met-tRNA Met f by Sephad ex G-100 gel filtration. When this complex is used as the only source of radioactive methionine in an in vitro amino acid incorporation system, the transfer of [ 35 S]methionine into acid-insoluble material using ApUpG(pU) n as the messenger is greatly stimulated as compared to the transfer of methionine from free [ 35 S]Met-tRNA Met f or free [ 35 S]-methionine.

关键词： Guo -5′-P 2 CH 2 P , 5′-guanylylmethylenediphosphonate Met-tRNA Met m , methionyl-tRNA that cannot be formylated by Escherichia coli enzymes Met-tRNA Met f , methionyl-tRNA that can be formylated by E. coli enzymes N- formyl-Met-tRNA Met f , methionyl-tRNA that has been formylated by E. coli enzymes Phe-tRNA Phe , phenylalanyl-tRNA A-site, ribosomal aminoacyl-tRNA binding site P-site, ribosomal peptidyl-tRNA binding site Ef-1, the aminoacyl-tRNA binding elongation factor responsible for binding aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site

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ANALYSIS Of MUTAGEN SPECIfICITY IN DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER

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MUTATION RESEARCH 1972年第4期16卷 363-&页

作者： SHUKLA, PT Institute of Animal Genetics Edinburgh Great Britain

The previously reported difference between the mutational spectra of hydrazine (HZ) and hydroxylamine (HA) was confirmed for one selected locus (miniature) at which hydrazine produces no mutations in treated late larval spermatogonia or premeiotic spermatocytes sampled by 3 days' progeny. The genetically effective dose was measured in most experiments by the production of v mutants, and in a few by the production of sex-linked lethals. In a total of over 37 000 X-chromosomes (16 000 from previous, and over 21 000 from present experiments) treatment with HZ yielded no m mutation, but 90 v mutations. After treatment with genetically equivalent doses of HA, m and v mutations were about equally frequent. The ratio of visible mutations at the v locus to lethals on the X-chromosomes was exceptionally high after either treatment. So was the ratio of m mutations to lethals after treatment with HA. The hypothesis was tested that the lack of mutations to m after treatment with HZ was due to discrimination against a spermatogonium carrying an m mutation in the metabolic environment created by the treatment. Support for this hypothesis came from experiments in which the postulated damaging effect of m could have been wholly or partially suppressed by the presence of a second normal allele. HZ treatment of females or of males carrying a duplication of the m locus on the Y produced four independent mutations to m in 14 000 chromosomes altogether. When sampling of spermatozoa from HZ-treated males without the duplication was carried out 21 days after eclosion, two m mutations were obtained. This suggests that discrimination against m spermatogonia may take the form of delayed development into spermatozoa.

关键词： car , carnation cm , carmine EMS, ethyl methanesulphonate f , forked HA, hydroxylamine HZ, hydrazine M -5, Muller-5 chromosome m , miniature N, normal medium v , vermilion y , yellow

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CIRCULATION, RESPIRATORY VOLUMES AND TEMPERATURE REGULATION Of PIGEON IN DRY AND HUMID HEAT

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COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1972年第NA3期43卷 477-&页

作者： SMITH, RM Department of Anatomy and Physiology Indiana University Bloomington Indiana 47401 USA

1. 1. In an 8 km/hr breeze pigeons survived T a s † of 54·5°C in dry air and 42·5°C at 96% r.h. 2. 2. Blood pressure remained relatively constant in the heat. 3. 3. Relative humidity had no effect on the T b or T a at which the f first began to increase, but thereafter as the f slowly increased r.h. had a marked effect on evaporative cooling. 4. 4. Maximal f 's of 650/min with V T 's of 3–4 ml produced a V E max of 2·4 1/min at a T b of 46°C. This V E max was 23–25 times that during rest. 5. 5. The body plethysmograph, used to monitor respiration, blocked cutaneous evaporation of water which significantly hampered the pigeons' ability to thermoregulate when compared to free-standing controls.

关键词： Pigeon respiration circulation temperature regulation relative humidity comparative and environmental physiology Columba livia T a ambient temperature (dry bulb) °C T b deep body (core) temperature (in this study intra-abdominal) °C r.h. relative humidity per cent V T tidal volume per breath ml B.T.P.S. f respiratory frequency cycles/min V E respiratory minute volume ( V E = f × V T ) ml/min max maximum (i.e. f max = maximum respiratory frequency)

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INITIATION Of PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS - INTERACTION Of METHIONINE SPECIfIC TRANSfER RIBONUCLEIC-ACIDS WITH RABBIT RETICULOCYTE RIBOSOMES

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972年第4期262卷 525-&页

作者： CASHION, LM STANLEY, WM KOLB, AJ Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry School of Biological Sciences University of California Irvine Calif. 92664 U.S.A.

The binding of Met-tRNA Met m and the initiator tRNA, Met-tRNA Met f , to rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes in the presence of various oligoribonucleotides containing the methionine codon, AUG, was studied in an in vitro system. 1. 1. At low concentrations of Mg 2+ , optimum binding of Met-tRNA Met in response to AUG was observed in the concentration range of 1.5–4 M potassium acetate. 2. 2. Triplet specificity between other aminoacyl-tRNAs and their codons was retained under these ionic conditions. 3. 3. Met-tRNA Met f was shown to have a much higher affinity for ribosomes in response to AUG than Met-tRNA Met m . 4. 4. The binding of Met-tRNA Met f was specific for the 40-S ribosomal subunit. 5. 5. Met-tRNA Met f appeared to set the proper reading frame for the specific binding of a second aminoacyl-tRNA molecule to the 40-S ribosomal subunit.

关键词： Met-tRNA Met methionyl-tRNA Met-tRNA Met f that species of methionyl-tRNA that can be formylated by Escherichia coli extracts Met-tRNA Met m that species of methionyl-tRNA that cannot be formylated by E. coli extracts Phe-tRNA Phe phenylalanyl-tRNA Ser-tRNA Ser seryl-tRNA Asp-tRNA Asp aspartyl-tRNA Val-tRNA Val valyl-tRNA Cys-tRNA Cys cysteinyl-tRNA

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ACTIONS Of TETRAPHENYLBORON ON ELECTRON fLOW IN PHOTOSYSTEM-II Of ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972年第2期256卷 336-&页

作者： HOMANN, PH Department of Biological Science Florida State University Tallahassee Fa. 32306 U.S.A.

Isolated chloroplasts from pokeweed ( Phytolacca americana ) were used in studies of the actions of tetraphenylboron on photosynthetic electron transport. Any effects on sites which couple electron transport to photophosphorylation, could be eliminated by the use of uncoupled chloroplasts. Very low concentrations of tetraphenylboron were found to strongly inhibit the reoxidation in the dark of the reduced primary acceptor Q in chloroplasts poisoned with 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea. Apparently, the tetraphenylboron anion has a high affinity to the oxygen evolving reaction complex where it is readily photoxidized. Slightly higher concentrations of tetraphenylboron inhibited steady-state rates of oxygen evolution measurably, and induced rapid and irreversible photodestructions of Photosystem II. System I mediated electron transport was not affected by these photoinhibitory processes. In many respects, the effects were similar to those observed in the presence of desaspidin or carbonylcyanide m -chlorophenylhydrazone. However, much lower concentrations of tetraphenylboron were required, and its actions were more restricted to Photosystem II. These properties may make tetraphenylboron a valuable tool in studies on the reaction mechanism of the oxygen-evolving apparatus.

关键词： CCCP carbonylcyanide m -chlorophenylhydrazone DCMU 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea DCIP 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol EGTA ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo) tetraacetate f o the invariable fluorescence f DCMU the fluorescence emission in the presence of DCMU f red the fluorescence emission in the presence of hydrosulfite HOQNO 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline- N -oxide Q the primary electron acceptor in Photosystem II, the “quencher”

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INITIATION Of GLOBIN SYNTHESIS

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fEBS LETTERS 1972年第3期24卷 310-+页

作者： CRYSTAL, RG NIENHUIS, AW SHAfRITZ, DA MERRICK, WC ELSON, NA ANDERSON, Wf LAST, JA LAYCOCK, DG PRICHARD, PM GRAf, H PICCIANO, D Section on Molecular Hematology National Heart and Lung Institute 20014 Bethesda Maryland USA

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