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SOME OBSERVATIONS ON DIMETHYLfORMAMIDE HEPATOTOXICITY

TOXICOLOGY 1981年第1期22卷 1-7页

作者： LUNDBERG, I LUNDBERG, S KRONEVI, T NATL BOARD OCCUPAT SAFETY & HLTH S-17184 SOLNA SWEDEN

Dimethylformamide (DMf) and its biotransformation products monomethylformamide (MMf) and formamide (f) were administered i.p. to rats. Serum levels of sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) were studied at 3 h intervals from 9-30 h after administration. Liver histology at 12, 21 and 30 h proved elevated SDH levels to be an indication of liver necrosis. DMf 479 mg/kg produced elevated enzyme levels at 27 and 30 h while 240 mg/kg produced elevated levels from 15 h onwards. MMf 387 mg/kg produced elevated SDH levels at all times. f did not give elevated levels at any time. DMf (479 mg/kg) and MMf (387 mg/kg) administered simultaneously produced elevated SDH levels from 24 h onwards. DMf hepatotoxicity was mediated by a degradation product of MMf and DMf delayed the hepatotoxic effect induced by MMf.

关键词： DMf dimethylformamide f formamide HE hematoxylin and eosin MMf monomethylformamide SDH sorbitol dehydrogenase

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BINDING Of DICYCLOHEXYLCARBODIIMIDE AND THE INHIBITION Of H+-TRANSLOCATION IN SUB-MITOCHONDRIAL PARTICLES

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fEBS LETTERS 1981年第2期131卷 208-212页

作者： KOPECKY, J GLASER, E NORLING, B ERNSTER, L UNIV STOCKHOLM DEPT BIOCHEMARRHENIUS LABS-10691 STOCKHOLMSWEDEN

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WATER-BALANCE AND RENAL-fUNCTION IN THE AUSTRALIAN DESERT RODENT NOTOMYS-ALEXIS - THE EffECT Of DIET ON WATER TURNOVER RATE, GLOMERULAR-fILTRATION RATE, RENAL PLASMA-fLOW AND RENAL BLOOD-fLOW

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COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 1981年第3期68卷 405-410页

作者： HEWITT, S WHELDRAKE, Jf BAUDINETTE, RV School of Biological Sciences Flinders University of South Australia Bedford Park South Australia 5042

Water turnover rate, glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma and blood flow rates have been measured in individuals of the Australian desert rodent N. alexis under conditions of acute and chronic water deprivation and high nitrogen diet. When these parameters are compared with values predicted allometrically, the extreme ability of the species to conserve water is apparent only in those groups subjected to water stress. While a reversible reduction in renal function is evident upon water deprivation, the major factor in water conservation under these conditions is the renal reabsorption of water at a post-filtration stage.

关键词： fW animals maintained on finch seed and water ad libitum f animals maintained on finch seed alone S animals maintained on soya beans with limited water GfR glomerular filtration rate ERPf estimated renal plasma flow ERBf estimated renal blood flow

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THE EffECT Of REDOX POTENTIAL ON THE KINETICS Of fLUORESCENCE INDUCTION IN PEA-CHLOROPLASTS .1. REMOVAL Of THE SLOW PHASE

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1981年第1期635卷 105-110页

作者： HORTON, P UNIV SHEFFIELD DEPT BIOCHEM SHEFFIELD S10 2TN S YORKSHIRE ENGLAND

The effect of alteration of redox potential on the kinetics of fluorescence induction in pea chloroplasts was investigated. Potentiometric titration of the initial (fi) level of fluorescence recorded upon shutter opening gave a 2 component curve, with Em(7) at -20 mV and -275 mV, almost identical to results obtained using continuous low intensity illumination (Horton, P. et al.). The slow or tail phase of induction observed in the presence of DCMU [3-(3'',4''-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] can be eliminated by poising the redox potential at .apprx. 0 to +50 mV. At this potential fi was increased by less than 10% and the higher potential quencher described above was only marginally reduced. The disappearance of the slow phase titrated as an n = 1 component with an Em(7) of +120 mV. It seems unlikely that the slow phase of fluorescence induction is due to photoreduction of the -20 mV quencher. Current ideas concerning heterogeneity on the acceptor side of photosystem II were discussed.

关键词： fluorescence induction Redox potential Photosystem II (Pea chloroplasts) PS II Photosystem II PS I Photosystem I Q L fluorescence quenching component with E m(7) around −250 mV Q H fluorescence quenching component with E m(7) around −20 mV f 0 fluorescence level when all PS II traps are open f i initial level of fluorescence upon shutter opening f v variable fluorescence DCMU 3-(3′,4′-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea

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ON THE ELECTRO-OSMOTIC fLOW IN A SATURATED POROUS-MEDIUM

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Of ENGINEERING SCIENCE 1981年第7期19卷 915-928页

作者： AURIAULT, JL STRZELECKI, T POLITECH WROCLAW INST GEOTECHWROCLAWPOLAND

Electro-osmosis in a saturated porous rigid medium is studied by both theoretical and experimental approach. Relationships giving liquid and electrical coupled macroscopic flows are obtained from the homogeneization method. They point out possible non symmetrical cross effects that explain deviations from Onsager reciprocal relations. Experiments on a kaolinite are reported which exhibit an important non symmetrical coupling.

关键词： b ion mobility e electric charge of aquo-ions g gravity acceleration j current density j r relative current density k Boltzmann constant l characteristic length of the micro-structure n outward normal to surfaces p pressure in the liquid q electric charge density q f electric charge density in the liquid v velocity of the fluid x microscopic space variable y microscopic space variable D diffusion coefficient E electric field L macroscopic characteristic length L αβ , L̂ αβ second order tensors coefficients of the linear macroscopic flow laws R radius of the aquo-ion Ta absolute temperature V electric potential γ amplitude of the small perturbation δ Kronecker symbol δ Γ surface charge density on Γ ϵ small parameter characterizing the medium structure μ viscosity of the liquid ρ l specific mass of the liquid σ conductivitv of the ion-containina fluid Γ solid-liquid-contact surface θ dielectric tensor Ω period of the micro-structure Ω s , Ω f solid, liquid part of Ω

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A QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION fOR THE DETECTION Of IMMUNOGLOBULIN (IGG) ON THE SURfACE Of PLATELETS

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HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY 1981年第4期3卷 379-379页

作者： ORSINI, f GREGORY, S DALE, M fITZPATRICK, J COHEN, E NEW YORK STATE DEPT HLTH ROSWELL PK MEM INSTBUFFALONY 14263

A sensitive method for the quantitation of IgG on platelets had not been demonstrated until 1975, when Dixon, Rosse, and Ebbert described a quantitative antiglobulin consumption test useful in detecting platelet associated IgG (N Engl J Med 292:230, 1975). A modification of that technique has rendered the assay reproducible and removed the need for daily repetition of a standard IgG titration curve for quantitation. This modification utilizes 1-ethyl-3-3(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide HCl (ECDI) (Sigma, E-7750), in place of chromic chloride, as a coupling agent for attaching IgG (Miles 64–145) to sheep cells (SRC), used as indicator cells. The ECDI consistently couples IgG to SRC and does not subject the SRC to sporadic spontaneous lysis, as does chromic chloride. This modification permits the detection of IgG on platelets (Direct Test), or in sera (Indirect Test) by incubation of a washed platelet pool with sera in vitro, and testing as in the Direct Test. Normal values of 0.01–1.56 and 0.14–1.6 femtograms (f) per platelet have been obtained for the Direct and Indirect Tests, respectively. In six cases of suspected ITP, values ranged 12.0–221.0 f and 2.9–37.6 f for the Direct and Indirect Tests, respectively. In conclusion, in disease states or other abnormal situations, quantities of IgG can be detected that are not usually present on the platelets of normal subjects.

关键词： ALA antileukocyte antibody AML acute myelogenous leukemia APA antiplatelet antibody ECDI 1-ethyl-3-(3 dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide EDTA (ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic acid dipotassium salt f femtogram (1 × 10 −5 g) ITP idiopathic thrombocytopenia PBS phosphate buffered saline SRC sheep red cells

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CHLOROPLAST PROTEIN-PHOSPHORYLATION AND CHLOROPHYLL fLUORESCENCE QUENCHING - ACTIVATION BY TETRAMETHYL-PARA-HYDROQUINONE, AN ELECTRON-DONOR TO PLASTOQUINONE

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1981年第2期638卷 290-295页

作者： ALLEN, Jf HORTON, P UNIV SHEFFIELD ARC RES GRP PHOTOSYNTHIS SHEFFIELD S10 2TN S YORKSHIRE ENGLAND

When tetramethyl-p-benzoquinone (TMQ) is reduced to tetramethyl-p-hydroquinone (TMQH2) by NaBH4, TMQH2 will act as an electron donor in isolated pea chloroplasts. The resulting electron transport is highly sensitive to inhibition by 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone (DBMIB) and the site of donation is inferred to be plastoquinone, in agreement with previous findings. When TMQ is added to chloroplasts with ascorbate as reductant, the resulting electron transport is relatively insensitive to DBMIB and so plastoquinone is assumed not to be involved. In darkness, TMQH2 activates the chloroplast protein kinase that phosphorylates the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complex (LHCP), while TMQ with ascorbate does not. TMQH2 also activates ATP-dependent chlorophyll fluorescence quenching to a much greater extent than does TMQ with ascorbate. These findings are explained by the recent proposal that phosphorylation of LHCP is activated by reduced plastoquinone. This is evidence for plastoquinone-regulated protein phosphorylation as a mechanism for self-adjustment of distribution of excitation between the 2 light reactions of photosynthesis.

关键词： Chlorophyll Phosphorylation fluorescence quenching Tetramethyl-p-hydroquinone Electron donor (Chloroplast) DBMIB 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl- p -benzoquinone (dibromothymoquinone) DCMU 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea DCIP 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol f m maximum fluorescence level when all Photosystem II traps are closed LHCP light-harvesting chlorophyll a b- protein complex PS photosystem SDS sodium dodecyl sulphate TMQ tetramethyl- p -benzoquinone (duroquinone) TMQH 2 tetramethyl- p -hydroquinone (duroquinol)

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THE ISOLATED fO Of ESCHERICHIA-COLI ATP-SYNTHASE IS RECONSTITUTIVELY ACTIVE IN H+-CONDUCTION AND ATP-DEPENDENT ENERGY-TRANSDUCTION

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fEBS LETTERS 1981年第2期128卷 261-264页

作者： fRIEDL, P SCHAIRER, HU Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung mbH. Mascheroder Weg 1 3300 Braunschweig-Stöckheim FRG

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2 NOVEL HEXASACCHARIDES fROM THE ROOTS Of ASPARAGUS-OffICINALIS

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PHYTOCHEMISTRY 1981年第11期20卷 2581-2583页

作者： SHIOMI, N Department of Agricultural Chemistry Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University Sapporo 060 Japan

Two non-reducing hexasaccharides isolated from the roots of Asparagus officinalis were identified as 1 f -β-fructofuranosyl-6 G (1-β-fructofuranosyl) 3 sucrose and 1 f (1-β-fructofuranosyl) 2 -6 G (1-β-fructofuranosyl) 2 sucrose by examination of the constituent saccharides, GLC analysis of methyl derivatives, and investigation of partial acid hydrolysates and β-fructofuranosidase-catalysed hydrolysis products.

关键词： Asparagus officinalis Liliaceae novel hexasaccharides fructo-oligosaccharides 1 f -β-fructofuranosyl-6 G (1-β-fructofuranosyl) 3 sucrose 1 f (1-β-fructofuranosyl) 2 -6 G (1-β-fructofuranosyl) 2 sucrose.

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EffECTS Of PHOSPHORYLATED SUGARS ON THE fORMATION AND EXPRESSION Of AN INHIBITOR Of PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS ACTIVATED BY OXIDIZED GLUTATHIONE IN RABBIT RETICULOCYTE LYSATES

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fEBS LETTERS 1981年第1期133卷 107-111页

作者： WU, JM Department of Biochemistry New York Medical College Valhalla NY 10595 USA

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