Bahira plain is an important area for Morocco due to its agriculture and mining activities. Situated in a sub-arid to arid climate, this plain hosts an aquifer system that represents sequences of carbonates, phosphate...
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Bahira plain is an important area for Morocco due to its agriculture and mining activities. Situated in a sub-arid to arid climate, this plain hosts an aquifer system that represents sequences of carbonates, phosphates, evaporates and alluvial deposits. Groundwater flows from Ganntour plateau (recharge area) to the basin-fill deposits and Zima Lake and Sed Elmejnoun where water evaporates. The objective of this study was to characterize the chemical properties of the groundwater and to assess the processes controlling the groundwater's chemistry. We can divide water samples into three hydrochemical water groups: recharge waters (Ca/Mg-HCO3), transition zone waters (Ca-HCO3-SO4/Cl) and discharge waters (Na-Cl/SO4). Accordingly, compositions of waters are determined by the availability of easily soluble minerals like calcite (Ca-HCO3 dominant), halite (Na-Cl dominant) and gypsum(Ca-SO4 dominant). Cl/Br ratios show that Cl concentration increases from dissolution of natural halite. When groundwater is affected by extreme evaporation Cl/Br ratios may increase up to 1900. High fluoride concentrations are associated with low Ca2+ concentrations (<100 mg/L). That means when recharge waters enter the aquifer, it starts dissolving fluorite since the Ca2+ concentration is low. Once groundwater becomes saturated with Ca2+, the immobilization offluoride is occurring by precipitation offluoride-rich minerals like fluoro-apatite. According to the environmental isotope (O-18 and H-2) analyses, they are three potential processes affecting groundwater: 1. Evaporation as verified by low slope value, 2. Water-rock interaction, 3. admixture of waters showed different stable isotope compositions and salinities. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Survey-based abundance indices (catch per unit effort, cpue) and harvest ratios (HRs) are usable proxies for spawning-stock biomass and fishing mortality (f). Here, we present an easy approach to calculate secondary i...
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Survey-based abundance indices (catch per unit effort, cpue) and harvest ratios (HRs) are usable proxies for spawning-stock biomass and fishing mortality (f). Here, we present an easy approach to calculate secondary indicators based on a public dataset. However, the performance of different cpue/HR indicator metrics varied between stocks, and, therefore, the adequate metrics for secondary indicators should be chosen for each stock after careful analysis by experts.
The present research studies the influence of the operative variable of a hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor-membrane bioreactor (hybrid MBBR-MBR) in the attached biomass, and analyses the effect of the variables on th...
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The present research studies the influence of the operative variable of a hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor-membrane bioreactor (hybrid MBBR-MBR) in the attached biomass, and analyses the effect of the variables on the evolution of solids retention time (SRT) treating real urban wastewater in a pilot-scale experimental plant. This was operated under mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSSs) between 2,414 +/- 166 and 4,594 +/- 47mg/L, the temperature ranged between 5.00 +/- 1.58 and 27.88 +/- 1.52 degrees C and the regimes of 10 and 24h HRT with 20, 35 and 50% of the filling ratio. The biofilm density changes between 2,618 +/- 272 and 6,991 +/- 843mg/L of the carrier show statistically significant differences in relation to the operative variables, so it depends mainly on MLSS and temperature, and is not dependent on the filling ratio under the condition studied. The multivariable analysis showed that the most influential operative variables in the SRT were MLSS and temperature, so two models have been proposed to consider these effects. The SRT can be modelled in relation to the HRT and MLSS throughout the f/M rate with the hyperbola 5.469 x (f/M)(-0.833);2.976 x (f/M)(-1.181);2.2831 x (f/M)(-1.207) for 20, 35 and 50% of the filling ratio, respectively. In relation to the temperature, the SRT increases linearly with it between approximately 5 and 30 degrees C with linear coefficients that also increase with the filling ratio presenting the values of 0.2825, 0.3438 and 0.4615d/degrees C to 20, 35 and 50% of the filling ratio, respectively.
The (n, f, k): f/n, k, f: f system is the combination of most popular consecutive-k-out-of-n and f-out-of-n system and its failure is caused by two different failure criteria. The (n, f, k): f (n, k, f: f) system cons...
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The (n, f, k): f/n, k, f: f system is the combination of most popular consecutive-k-out-of-n and f-out-of-n system and its failure is caused by two different failure criteria. The (n, f, k): f (n, k, f: f) system consists of n components ordered in a line or circle, while the system fails if and only if there exist at least ffailed components or (and) at least k consecutive failed components. In this paper, we consider the sequence {X-u, u 1} of {0, 1}-valued Markov Bernoulli trials (MBT) and study the Birnbaum reliability importance for components of (n, f, k): f(G), and n, k, f: f(G) system through the conditional joint distribution off="lsta_a_749285_***"> f="lsta_a_749285_***">, where f="lsta_a_749285_***"> and f="lsta_a_749285_***"> is the number of non overlapping occurrences of i-runs of length k(i)(i = 0, 1) in n MBT. The formula for evaluation of exact Birnbaum reliability importance is developed and the results are demonstrated numerically. We also bring out the important inter-relations between the reliability and reliability importance offour systems as f-out-of-n: f, consecutive-k-out-of-n: f, (n, f, k): f and n, k, f: f systems.
The present study aimed to quantify the magnitude of the systemic inflammatory response, measured by C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin, and its relationship with common serum biochemical measures of iron status inc...
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The present study aimed to quantify the magnitude of the systemic inflammatory response, measured by C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin, and its relationship with common serum biochemical measures of iron status including total iron, transferrin, transferrin saturation, and ferritin. Retrospective interrogation of laboratory computer databases at 4 centers between 2006 and 2011 provided results from patients in which serum CRP and albumin had been measured together with iron studies (iron, transferrin, and transferrin saturation, n = 16,522) and ferritin (n = 7,226). Analyte results were categorized into groups according to CRP and albumin. When those groups with CRP <10 mg/L and albumin >35 g/L, CRP 11-80 mg/L and albumin 25-35 mg/L, and CRP >80 mg/L and albumin <25 g/L were compared, the median serum total iron was 15.0, 7.0, and 3.0 mu mol/L, respectively (P < 0.001), an overall reduction of 80%. The median serum transferrin concentration was 2.6, 2.0, and 1.3 mu mol/L respectively (P < 0.001), an overall reduction of 50%. The median transferrin saturation was 23%, 13%, and 10% respectively (P < 0.001), an overall reduction of 56%. The median serum ferritin was 77, 173, and 445 mu g/L respectively (P < 0.001), an overall increase of 578%. The present study quantifies the impact of the systemic inflammatory response on serum measures of iron status. This association should be taken into account when measures of iron status are requested and interpreted to prevent misdiagnosis.
为探讨医用空气过滤装置对粉尘螨杀灭效果及降低空气中尘螨过敏原含量的影响,挑取粉尘螨成虫放置在空气过滤装置中,按不同时间段(0,12,24,48,72,96 h)分组,每组200只粉尘螨,处理后采取样本进行杀螨率检测及扫描电镜观察;采用抗原雾化法检测,收集空气过滤装置处理的1 h样品,并通过双抗体夹心法检测样品中抗原含量.结果表明:空气净化装置处理后尘螨死亡率随着作用时间的延长而逐渐升高,在72 h和96 h,尘螨死亡率分别达到60.5%和92.5%;处理后的死螨严重脱水,虫体形态高度皱缩.医用空气过滤装置对空气中粉尘螨主要抗原Der f 1和Der f 2具有显著降低作用.
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