The low mutation rates, short amplicon sizes and length variation characteristics of biallelic insertion/deletion polymorphisms (INDELs) are features that allow combining advantages of both STR and SNP markers for gen...
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The low mutation rates, short amplicon sizes and length variation characteristics of biallelic insertion/deletion polymorphisms (INDELs) are features that allow combining advantages of both STR and SNP markers for genetic analysis. The Qiagen Investigator DIPplex kit contains 30 biallelic autosomal INDELs plus Amelogenin for forensic personal identification and parentage testing. This study compares general performances, forensic and population data collected in 7 Chinese ethnic populations (Han, Tibetan, Yi, Zhuang, Dong, Miao and Uyghur) from three areas (Southwest, South and Northwest) of China by DIPplex kit. There were no significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) of the 30 markers in all the tested populations after Bonferroni correction. The combined matching probabilities ranged from 1.4273 × 10 −10 for the Dong minority to 1.2817 × 10 −12 for the Uyghur minority. The combined power of paternity exclusion was from 0.9854 to 0.9968. All pairwise genetic differences ( f ST ) between the seven ethnic groups were less than 0.05, and the results of STRUCTURE analysis did not indicate the presence of substructures suggesting genetic similarity among the populations in these three areas. The DIPplex kit can be used as a good additional tool for forensic personal identification in these three areas of China.
Urea-formaldehyde resin is widely used as shell materials for microencapsulation of pesticide by in situ polymerization. A series of acetochlor microcapsules were prepared with different formaldehyde to urea molar rat...
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Urea-formaldehyde resin is widely used as shell materials for microencapsulation of pesticide by in situ polymerization. A series of acetochlor microcapsules were prepared with different formaldehyde to urea molar ratios in this research. fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis suggests that there hardly exists any chemical interactions between shell materials and the acetochlor core materials, and the structure of urea-formaldehyde pre-polymers and shell materials are significantly different when the ratios offormaldehyde to urea increases. The pre-polymer becomes more hydroxymethylated with higher molar ratios, and hydrogen bonds in shell materials interact stronger as well, thus the ratios offormaldehyde to urea affect encapsulation efficiency by hydrogen bonding interactions, which determines the cross-link degree of the shell materials of the prepared microcapsules.
The impounding of the Zambezi River by Kariba dam has regulated the river discharge of the Middle Zambezi river. This has been implicated in the failure of regeneration offaidherbia albida in the downstream flood pla...
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The impounding of the Zambezi River by Kariba dam has regulated the river discharge of the Middle Zambezi river. This has been implicated in the failure of regeneration offaidherbia albida in the downstream flood plain. This study aimed (1) to assess the effect of the altered flow regime of the river on the establishment and growth off. albida on the Middle Zambezi floodplain and islands and (2) to test the potential of dendrochronology in detecting the age and long-term growth rates off. albida in response to flow regime. Results indicated an uneven age distribution off. albida stands on relatively new islands', dominated by young trees, while the floodplain and the old island' exhibited an even-aged stand but with a lack of regeneration, and a dying-off of older trees. The lack off. albida establishment on the floodplain was linked to the decreased occurrence offlooding events, associated with a decrease in alluvial deposits, soil moisture and groundwater recharge. These effects may be enhanced by impact from browsers on regeneration of trees. Tree-ring analyses revealed the presence of distinct annual growth rings in f. albida and the applicability of dendrochronology for estimating f. albida population dynamics. The trees on the new islands' are younger and grow faster than those on the floodplain. Lack of competition and possible favourable moisture conditions suggest beneficial conditions for establishment and growth of the trees on the islands. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Let X = {f(1), ..., f(n)} be a set of scalar functions of the form f(i) : (2) which satisfy some natural properties. We describe a subdivision algorithm for computing a clustered epsilon-isotopic approximation of the ...
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Let X = {f(1), ..., f(n)} be a set of scalar functions of the form f(i) : (2) which satisfy some natural properties. We describe a subdivision algorithm for computing a clustered epsilon-isotopic approximation of the minimization diagram of X. By exploiting soft predicates and clustering of Voronoi vertices, our algorithm is the first that can handle arbitrary degeneracies in X, and allow scalar functions which are piecewise smooth, and not necessarily semi-algebraic. We apply these ideas to the computation of anisotropic Voronoi diagram of polygonal sets;this is a natural generalization of anisotropic Voronoi diagrams of point sites, which extends multiplicatively weighted Voronoi diagrams. We implement a prototype of our anisotropic algorithm and provide experimental results.
Novel two-dimensional antimonene, is recently reported to be stable by first principles calculations Wang et al. [35]. Its thermal properties are now investigated using the phonon Boltzmann transport method. Specifica...
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Novel two-dimensional antimonene, is recently reported to be stable by first principles calculations Wang et al. [35]. Its thermal properties are now investigated using the phonon Boltzmann transport method. Specifically, the size and edge roughness effects on the thermal conductivity of antimonene allotropes, namely alpha-Sb and beta-Sb are determined. The semiconducting alpha-Sb and beta-Sb have the rectangular and hexagonal unit cells, respectively. We find that thermal conductivity increases with size, and decreases with the edge roughness of the antimonene allotropes. Higher thermal conductivity occurs for a-Sb, and its distinct characteristics in the in-plane acoustic branches are found to be associated with the anisotropic nature of the 2D lattice. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A kind of wireless sensor was previously developed,which is powered and transmit signals wirelessly instead of using an electrical connection to the embedded *** on this technique,the relationship between diameters of...
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A kind of wireless sensor was previously developed,which is powered and transmit signals wirelessly instead of using an electrical connection to the embedded *** on this technique,the relationship between diameters of corroded sensing steel wires and corrosion levels of steel bars is established by *** function is utilized to fit the experiment results,and the correlation coefficients are all larger than *** corrosion levels of commonly used steel bars are given for different diameters of corroded sensing steel wires fractured due to corrosion.
AIM: To examine the effect of Weichang'an(WCA) and 5-fluorouracil(5-fu) on colorectal tumor and hepatic metastasis in a mouse model. METHODS: Quantitative determination of hesperidin, the effective component in WC...
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AIM: To examine the effect of Weichang'an(WCA) and 5-fluorouracil(5-fu) on colorectal tumor and hepatic metastasis in a mouse model. METHODS: Quantitative determination of hesperidin, the effective component in WCA decoction, was performed using Hp LC. In vitro cytotoxicity of WCA was determined by treating HCT-116 cells with WCA diluents or serum extracted from rats that received WCA by oral gavage for 1 wk and MTT assays. forty-eight nude mice received cecum implantation with tumor blocks subcutaneously amplified from human colon cancer cell line HCT-116. Mice were randomly divided into four treatment groups: control(CON), WCA, 5-fu and combination(WCA + 5-fu). pathological examination of tumors consisted of tissue sectioning and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Tumor weight and size were measured, and the number of metastatic l e s i o n s wa s c o u n t e d. S e r u m c a r c i n o e m b r yo n i c antigen(CEA) level was determined by ELISA. The expression levels of tumor genesis and metastasisrelated proteins β-catenin and matrix metalloproteinase(MMp)-7 were measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RTp CR), immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Cell fractionation was used to investigate intracellular distribution of β-***: parenchymal tumors were palpable in the abdomens of nude mice 2 wk post-implantation and orthotopic tumor formation rate was 100% in all groups. 5-fu treatment alone significantly decreased tumor weight compared to the CON group(1.203 ± 0.284 g vs 1.804 ± 0.649 g, p < 0.01). WCA treatment alone reduced the rate of metastasis(50% vs 100%,p < 0.05). Combination treatment of WCA + 5-fu was the most effective, reducing the tumor weight(1.140 ± 0.464 g vs 1.804 ± 0.649 g, p < 0.01) and size(1493.438 ± 740.906 mm3 vs 2180.259 ± 816.556 mm3, p < 0.05), the rate of metastases(40% vs 100%, p < 0.01), and serum CEA levels(31.263 ± 7.421 μg/L vs 43.040 ± 11.273 μg/L, p < 0.05). Expression of β-cat
fatty liver disease(fLD) is a growing public health problem worldwide. There is an urgent requirement for alternative and natural medicine to treat this disease. As phytochemicals, isoflavones have attracted considera...
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fatty liver disease(fLD) is a growing public health problem worldwide. There is an urgent requirement for alternative and natural medicine to treat this disease. As phytochemicals, isoflavones have attracted considerable attention for the prevention offLD. Numerous studies have revealed that isoflavones protect against fLD through various pathways which modulate fatty acid β-oxidation, lipid synthesis, and oxidative stress. Recently, the aldose reductase(AR)/polyol pathwayhas been reported to be involved in the development offLD by modulating hepatic fructose production, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)α activity, cytochrome P450(CYP)2E1 expression, and gut bacterial endotoxin-induced cytokine release. It has been reported that some isoflavones are potent AR inhibitors. Here, we review the anti-fLD actions of isoflavones and the proposed mechanism whereby isoflavones protect against fLD, with regard to the AR/polyol pathway. We propose that isoflavones block the AR/polyol pathway and in turn reduce fructose production and subsequent fat accumulation in the liver in diabetic or high-glucose-diet mice. In addition, in rodents with alcoholic liver disease or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, inhibition of AR by isoflavones may improve PPARα-mediated fatty acid oxidation, reduce hepatic steatosis, and attenuate CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress or AR/gut bacterial endotoxin-mediated cytokine overproduction, to alleviate progression offLD.
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