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The effect of riboflavin supplementation on the systemic redox status in healthy volunteers: A post-hoc analysis of the RIBOGUT trial

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fREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022年第0期190卷 169-178页

作者： Bourgonje, Arno R. Otten, Antonius T. Sadabad, Mehdi Sadaghian von Martels, Julius Z. H. Bulthuis, Marian L. C. faber, Klaas Nico van Goor, Harry Dijkstra, Gerard Harmsen, Hermie J. M. Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol Groningen Netherlands Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Med Microbiol Groningen Netherlands Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Pathol & Med Biol Groningen Netherlands Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Med Microbiol POB 30-001 NL-9700 RB Groningen Netherlands

Background: Riboflavin is a redox-active vitamin that plays a pivotal role in human energy metabolism. Riboflavin may have beneficial health effects by increasing extracellular antioxidant capacity, thereby alleviating oxidative stress. Reduced levels of free thiols in blood reflect systemic oxidative stress, since they are readily oxidized by reactive species. In this study, we aimed to study the potential of riboflavin supplementation to improve the systemic redox status in healthy ***: This study was a post-hoc analysis of the RIBOGUT study, a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled human intervention trial that investigated the effect of riboflavin supplements on the gut microbiota composition of healthy individuals. Serum free thiols were quantified before and after intervention and adjusted to serum albumin levels. Changes in albumin-adjusted free thiols were analyzed, as well as potential associations with routine laboratory parameters and faecal bacterial quantification by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (fISH).Results: Participants were randomized to either placebo (n = 34), riboflavin 50 mg daily (n = 32), or riboflavin 100 mg daily (n = 33). At baseline, no significant differences in albumin-adjusted serum free thiols were observed. After intervention with either placebo or riboflavin, albumin-adjusted serum free thiols did not significantly change (P > 0.05), however, observed changes were inversely associated with changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (r = -0.22, P < 0.05). At baseline, albumin-adjusted serum free thiols were positively associated with faecal relative abundances of faecalibacterium prausnitzii (P < 0.01).Conclusion: Riboflavin did not change the systemic redox status in healthy individuals as reflected by serum free thiols, but observed changes in albumin-adjusted free thiol levels were negatively associated with changes in CRP levels. Strikingly, albumin-adjusted free thiols were independently associated with

关键词： Riboflavin Oxidative stress Redox Thiols Gut microbiota f prausnitzii

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The genetic basis and adult reproductive consequences of developmental thermal plasticity

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JOURNAL Of ANIMAL ECOLOGY 2022年第6期91卷 1119-1134页

作者： Rodrigues, Leonor R. Zwoinska, Martyna K. Wiberg, R. Axel W. Snook, Rhonda R. Stockholm Univ Dept Zool Stockholm Sweden Univ Basel Zool Inst Basel Switzerland

Increasing temperature and thermal variability generate profound selection on populations. Given the fast rate of environmental change, understanding the role of plasticity and genetic adaptation in response to increasing temperatures is critical. This may be especially true for thermal effects on reproductive traits in which thermal fertility limits at high temperatures may be lower than for survival traits. Consequences of changing environments during development on adult phenotypes may be particularly problematic for core traits such as reproduction that begin early in development. Here we examine the consequences of developmental thermal plasticity on subsequent adult reproductive traits and its genetic basis. We used a panel of Drosophila melanogaster (the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel;DGRP) in which male fertility performance was previously defined as either showing relatively little (status = 'high'-performing lines) or substantial ('low'-performing lines) decline when exposed to increasing developmental temperatures. We used a thermal reaction norm approach to quantify variation in the consequences of developmental thermal plasticity on multiple adult reproductive traits, including sex-specific responses, and to identify candidate genes underlying such variation. Developmental thermal stress impacted the means and thermal reaction norms of all reproductive traits except offspring sex ratio. Mating success declined as temperature increased with no difference between high and low lines, whereas increasing temperature resulted in declines for both male and female fertility and productivity but depended on line status. fertility and offspring number were positively correlated within and between the sexes across lines, but males were more affected than females. We identified 933 SNPs with significant evolved genetic differentiation between high and low lines. In all, 54 of these lie within genomic windows of overall high differentiation, have significant eff

关键词： heat-induced sterility thermal reaction norm reproduction fertility f (st) sexual dimorphism

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Phytochemical analysis on the leaves of Agathis microstachya Jf Bailey & CT White

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NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH 2022年第21期36卷 5626-5630页

作者： frezza, Claudio Sciubba, fabio Petrucci, Rita Serafini, Mauro Univ Roma La Sapienza Dipartimento Biol Ambientale Rome Italy Sapienza Univ Rome NMR Based Metabol Lab NMLab Rome Italy Univ Roma La Sapienza Dipartimento Sci Base & Applicate Ingn Rome Italy

The first phytochemical analysis on the leaves of Agathis microstachya J.f. Bailey & C.T. White collected in Rome was reported in this work. The study evidenced the presence of four compounds i.e., 7,4'''-dimethoxy-agathisflavone (1), 7,7''-dimethoxy-cupressuflavone (2), dactylifric acid (3) and shikimic acid (4) which were identified by means of spectroscopic techniques. Compounds (1, 2, 4) were reported in the species for the first time as well as this is the second report on the presence of dactylifric acid (3) in the whole Araucariaceae family. The absence of diterpenoids from the studied accession is also important. All these chemotaxonomic aspects were discussed.

关键词： Agathis microstachya J f Bailey & C T White Araucariaceae phytochemical analysis chemotaxonomy

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Resequencing the Yaroslavl cattle genomes reveals signatures of selection and a rare haplotype on BTA28 likely to be related to breed phenotypes

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ANIMAL GENETICS 2022年第5期53卷 680-684页

作者： Ruvinskiy, Daniil Igoshin, Alexander Yurchenko, Andrey Ilina, Anna, V Larkin, Denis M. Russian Acad Sci ICG SB RAS Siberian Branch Fed Res Ctr Inst Cytol & Genet Novosibirsk Russia Russian Acad Sci Siberian Branch Inst Cytol & Genet Kurchatov Genom Ctr Novosibirsk Russia Sci Res Inst Livestock Breeding & Forage Prod Fed Williams Res Ctr Forage Prod & Agroecol Yaroslavl Yaroslavl Regio Russia Univ London Royal Vet Coll London England

The genomes of local livestock could shed light on their genetic history, mechanisms of adaptations to environments and unique genetics. Herein we look into the genetics and adaptations of the Russian native dairy Yaroslavl cattle breed using 22 resequenced individuals and comparing them with two related breeds (Russian Kholmogory and Holstein), and to the taurine set of the 1000 Bull Genomes Project (Run 9). HapfLK analysis with Kholmogory and Holstein breeds (using Yakut cattle as outgroup) resulted in 22 regions under selection (q-value < 0.01) on 11 chromosomes assigned to Yaroslavl cattle, including a strong signature of selection in the region of the KIT gene on BTA6. The f-ST (fixation index) with the 1000 Bull Genomes Dataset showed 48 non-overlapping top (0.1%) f-ST regions of which three overlapped HapfLK regions. We identified 1982 highly differentiated (f-ST > 0.40) missense mutations in the Yaroslavl genomes. These genes were enriched in the epidermal growth factor and calcium-binding functional categories. The top f-ST intervals contained eight genes with allele frequencies quite different between the Yaroslavl and Kholmogory breeds and the rest of the 1000 Bull Genomes Dataset, including KAT6B, which had a nearly Yaroslavl breed-specific deleterious missense mutation with the highest f-ST in our dataset (0.99). This gene is a part of a long haplotype containing other genes from f-ST and hapfLK analyses and with a negative association with weight and carcass traits according to the genotyping of 30 phenotyped Yaroslavl cattle individuals. Our work provides the industry with candidate genetic variants to be focused on in breed improvement efforts.

关键词： 1000 Bull Genomes Project f (ST) hapfLK KAT6B signatures of selection Yaroslavl cattle

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from shipwreck to commodity exchange: Robinson Crusoe, Hegel and Marx

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PHILOSOPHY & SOCIAL CRITICISM 2022年第9期48卷 1302-1328页

作者： Lazarus, Michael Monash Univ Melbourne Vic Australia

Robinson Crusoe is a mythic character who lives not only in the popular imaginary but through the history of political and social thought. Defoe's protagonist lives marooned on his island, isolated and apart from society. The narrative is a perfect naturalisation of the 'bourgeois' world, dependent on an ontology of the self-sufficient individual. This article analyses this lineage in the social contract theory of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau. Later, Hegel used the novel to illustrate his dialectic of mastery/servitude. Challenging the atomism of the state of nature, Hegel's theory of recognition gives an account of positive freedom, where the individual is formed in and through social interdependence. This sociality is continued by Marx, who satirises Defoe's novel in his value-form critique of political economy. The value-form provides insight into Robinson's island labour and Marx's difference with Locke's labour theory of value. for Marx, the myth of 'natural man' hides the domination of capitalist development and Robinson Crusoe reflects the internalisation of the abstract rationality of commodity society. However, Marx's immanent critique of the novel points to a radical idea of social life and freedom.

关键词： state of nature recognition G W f Hegel Karl Marx Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe value-form theory

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Molecular and pathogenic characterization of fusarium oxysporum and fusarium proliferatum causing basal root rot in garlic in Turkey

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AUSTRALASIAN PLANT DISEASE NOTES 2022年第1期17卷 1-6页

作者： Dedecan, Olcay Talapov, Talap Demral, Meral Sarpkaya, Kamil Ceyhan, Derya Isler Can, Canan Gaziantep Univ Biol Dept Gaziantep Turkey Karabuk Univ Fac Forestry Karabuk Turkey

Diseases caused by fusarium species in garlic, which is among the products of economic importance, cause serious yield losses. While the isolation and characterization of fusarium species has mostly been done from cloves and storage, the disease agent has been documented in very few seedling stages. In our study, eight isolates were obtained from specimens at the seedling stage, and species were defined according to morphological and molecular characterizations. Two isolates were identified as f. oxysporum, and the other six as f. proliferatum. As a result of cross pathogenicity of f. oxysporum isolates with onions, these isolates were defined as f. oxysporum f. sp. garlic. According to the data obtained from our study, these species that cause basal rot in garlic from Turkey were characterized for the first time using molecular techniques. In addition, this publication fusarium oxysporum ***. garlic is the first report from Turkey.

关键词： Allium sativum f oxysporum f proliferatum Basal root

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A Comprehensive Gate and Drain Trapping/Detrapping Noise Model and its Implications for Thin-Dielectric MOSfETs

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES 2021年第10期68卷 4826-4833页

作者： Asanovski, Ruben Palestri, Pierpaolo Caruso, Enrico Selmi, Luca Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia DIEF I-41121 Modena Italy Univ Udine DPIA I-33100 Udine Italy Infineon Technol AG A-9500 Villach Austria

We derive a complete set of expressions for the MOSfET gate and drain power spectral densities due to elastic and inelastic trapping/detrapping of channel carriers into the gate dielectric. Our calculations explain trapping/detrapping noise (TDN) in various fET operating regions and highlight trap's position-dependent terms, often neglected in the literature, which are instead important for devices with thin gate dielectrics. furthermore, we show that TDN has a contribution to the gate current noise, correlated with the drain current fluctuations and we highlight the role of the transfer function between channel charge fluctuations and drain current on the noise characteristics. The model expressions are carefully validated by comparison with 2-D and 3-D TCAD simulations of scaled MOSfETs with different architectures (bulk, fully depleted-silicon-on-insulator (fD-SOI), finfET), channel, and gate materials. Besides shedding new light on TDN, the results could enable trap density extraction from experimental samples with improved accuracy and pave the way to complete and accurate compact models for TDN in MOSfETs.

关键词： Logic gates Dielectrics Semiconductor device modeling Mathematical model MOSfET Tunneling Solid modeling 1 f carrier number fluctuations low-frequency noise modeling trapping-detrapping traps

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Azole antifungal resistance in fungal isolates from wastewater treatment plant effluents

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021年第3期28卷 3217-3229页

作者： Assress, Hailemariam Abrha Selvarajan, Ramganesh Nyoni, Hlengilizwe Ogola, Henry Joseph Oduor Mamba, Bhekie B. Msagati, Titus A. M. Univ South Africa Coll Sci Engn & Technol Nanotechnol & Water Sustainabil Res Unit UNISA Sci CampusPOB 392UNISA 0003Florida Pk ZA-1709 Johannesburg South Africa Univ South Africa Coll Agr & Environm Sci UNISA Sci CampusPOB 392UNISA 0003 ZA-1709 Johannesburg South Africa Natl Ctr Int Joint Res Membrane Sci & Technol State Key Lab Separat Membranes & Membrane Proc Tianjin 300387 Peoples R China Nelson Mandela African Inst Sci & Technol Sch Life Sci & Bioengn POB 447 Arusha Tanzania

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) can be significant sources of antifungal resistant fungi, which can disseminate further in the environment by getting into rivers together with effluents discharged from WWTPs and pose a risk for human health. In this study, the presence of azole resistance was determined in fungal isolates from treated effluents of two WWTPs using the standard microdilution method from Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). A total of 41 fungal isolates representing 23 fungal species and 16 fungal genera were obtained. fungal genera related to the known human and/or plant pathogens such asAspergillus,fusarium, andCandidawere detected. Among the observed species, the susceptibility ofAspergillus fumigatusandfusarium oxysporumwas tested against fluconazole (fCZ), ketoconazole (KTZ), itraconazole (ITZ), and voriconazole (VCZ). The isolateA. fumigatuswas susceptible to KTZ, ITZ, and VCZ, while it showed resistance against fCZ. On the contrast, the isolatef. oxysporumshowed resistance to KTZ, ITZ, and VCZ. Comparatively, VCZ showed highest activity against bothA. fumigatusandf. oxysporum. Analysis of the gene Cyp51A for theA. fumigatusisolate showed no evidence of drug resistance that could be related to point mutations and/or tandem repeats in the gene. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first susceptibility test study onA. fumigatusandf. oxysporumisolates from the WWTPs of South Africa. In conclusion, this study indicated an urgent need for thorough investigation with larger group of fungal isolates from different regions of South Africa to broadly understand the role of WWTPs in the dissemination of azole antifungal drug resistance.

关键词： fungal isolates A fumigatus f oxysporum Azole resistance Wastewater treatment plant

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The impact of banking competition on firm total factor productivity

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ECONOMIC RESEARCH-EKONOMSKA ISTRAZIVANJA 2022年第1期35卷 4008-4028页

作者： Liu, Peisen Li, Houjian Southwest Univ Coll Econ & Management Chongqing Peoples R China Southwest Univ Ctr Inclus Finance & Agr & Rural Dev Chongqing Peoples R China Sichuan Agr Univ Coll Econ Chengdu Peoples R China

The benefits of financial development to economic growth are conspicuous, but due to the heterogeneity across regions and firms, the effects of financial competition have not been fully proved. There is a puzzling phenomenon in many developing countries, that is, banking monopoly coexists with economic growth. This study uses industrial enterprise data to analyse how banking competition affects firm total factor productivity (T.f.P.) and the influence of firm size and ownership in this process. The results show that the competition in banking promotes firms to improve their T.f.P., which is realised by alleviating financing constraints of firms through increasing banking competition and aligns with the market power hypothesis. Moreover, banking competition enables small firms to improve their T.f.P. in regions with fewer state-owned banks branches and more small banks branches. Intensified competition in banking leads to an increase in the T.f.P. of private firms, but it has no effect on the T.f.P. of state-owned enterprises (S.O.E.s) and foreign firms. The expansion of bank branches and the cross region operation of city commercial banks are helpful to improve firm T.f.P. This study confirms the impact of competition caused by changes in bank branches on firms and the determinants of productivity.

关键词： banking competition total factor productivity (T f P ) state-owned banks firm size firm ownership

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Does a higher minimum wage accelerate labour division in agricultural production? Evidence from the main rice-planting area in China

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ECONOMIC RESEARCH-EKONOMSKA ISTRAZIVANJA 2022年第1期35卷 2984-3010页

作者： Guo, Lili Duan, Xiaoyu Li, Houjian Yang, Wanjiang Ren, Yanjun Guo, Yangli Sichuan Agr Univ Coll Econ Chengdu Peoples R China Southwestern Univ Finance & Econ Coll Econ Chengdu Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ China Acad Rural Dev Hangzhou Peoples R China Leibniz Inst Agr Dev Transit Econ IAMO Halle Germany Southwest Jiaotong Univ Sch Econ & Management Chengdu Peoples R China

Agricultural production outsourcing, a new means of agricultural production, can optimise the allocation of resources, reduce agricultural production costs, and improve agricultural productivity. However, farmers' outsourcing behaviours are strongly interfered with by many factors such as economics, technology and institutions. Using a farmer-level data set from 2014 to 2018 in China, we examine the effects of the minimum wage increase on rice farmers' production outsourcing behaviours. Our study relies on a Logit regression framework and uses the control function (C.f.) approach to address potential endogeneity concerns. Results show that the minimum wage increase significantly reduces the probability of farmers conducting production outsourcing. We also examine the heterogeneous effects of the minimum wage increase, and find that compared with other outsourcing services, the adverse effects on harvesting outsourcing are the strongest;the negative effects on production outsourcing are stronger for rice farmers with higher education. Our results provide new insights into understanding how labour regulation affects labour division in agricultural production.

关键词： production outsourcing minimum wage control function (C f ) approach China

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