Phytochemical investigation on the whole plant of Euphorbia wallichii led to the identification of twelve diter-penoids, including nine undescribed ones, in which wallkauranes A-E (1-5) were classified as ent-kaurane ...
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Phytochemical investigation on the whole plant of Euphorbia wallichii led to the identification of twelve diter-penoids, including nine undescribed ones, in which wallkauranes A-E (1-5) were classified as ent-kaurane diterpenoids and wallatisanes A-D (6-9) were assigned as ent-atisane diterpenoids. The biological evaluation of these isolates against NO production was conducted in the LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells model, resulting in the identification of a series of potent NO inhibitors, with the most active wallkaurane A showing an IC50 value of 4.21 mu M. The mechanistic study disclosed that wallkaurane A could inhibit pro-inflammatory cy-tokines generation such as TNf-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6, and decrease the expression of iNOS and COX-2. Wallkaurane A could regulate the Nf-kappa B signaling pathways and the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to suppress the in-flammatory reaction in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Meanwhile, wallkaurane A could also inhibit the JAK2/ STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby suppressing apoptosis in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reixchb.f. is a perennial herb of the Orchid-aceae Bletilla and have various ethnopharmacological uses. As a traditional astringent hemostatic Chinese herbal m...
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Ethnopharmacological relevance: Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reixchb.f. is a perennial herb of the Orchid-aceae Bletilla and have various ethnopharmacological uses. As a traditional astringent hemostatic Chinese herbal medicine, B. striata has been widely used in the treatment of 127 different kinds of hemorrhagic diseases. Moreover, B. striata has been a beauty medicine since ancient times, with the first ancient records dating back to 2000 years ago, traditionally used to removing freckle and smooth the skin. Because of the high content of polysaccharides, which is considered the primary active substance of B. striata and having anti-aging, whitening, and antioxidation functions, this is also widely used in the cosmetics ***: We screened the germplasm resources of B. striata in the early stage and the superior HL20 strain was obtained. Our research aims to analyze and compare the whitening and antimicrobial activities of different extracts (aqueous extract, ethanol extract, and aqueous extract from ethanol extract filter residue) of the selected superior varieties (HL20) and the control (WT).Materials and methods: L-tyrosine and L-dopa were used as substrates to establish a tyrosinase inhibition system with arbutin as the positive control and the whitening activity was measured by the inhibition rate of TYR-M and TYR-D. Besides, an in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed to assess the antimicrobial activity of the B. striata extracts. In a nutshell, the method of punching diffusion was used to thoroughly examine the effects of three extracts from two strains on the antimicrobial activity offive types of microorganism in cosmetics microbiological testing products. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of different extracts were also ***: Results showed that the whitening and antimicrobial properties of the HL20 strain were found to be more potent than those of the WT strain. Comp
SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 are the ATPases of the SWI/SNf chromatin remodeling complex, which play a significant role in regulating transcriptional activity and DNA repair in cells. SMARCA2 has become an appealing synthetic-...
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SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 are the ATPases of the SWI/SNf chromatin remodeling complex, which play a significant role in regulating transcriptional activity and DNA repair in cells. SMARCA2 has become an appealing synthetic-lethal, therapeutic target in oncology, as mutational loss of SMARCA4 in many cancers leads to a functional dependency on residual SMARCA2 activity. Thus, for therapeutic development, an important step is understanding any potential safety target-associated liabilities of SMARCA2 inhibition. To best mimic a SMARCA2 therapeutic, a tamoxifen-inducible (TAMi) conditional knockout (cKO) rat was developed using CRISPR technology to understand the safety profile of Smarca2 genetic ablation in a model system that avoids potential juvenile and developmental phenotypes. As the rat is the prototypical rodent species utilized in toxi-cology studies, a comprehensive toxicological and pathological assessment was conducted in both heterozygote and homozygous knockout rats at timepoints up to 28 days, alongside relevant corresponding controls. To our knowledge, this represents the first TAMi cKO rat model utilized for safety assessment evaluations. No significant target-associated phenotypes were observed when Smarca2 was ablated in mature (11-to 15-week-old) rats;however subsequent induction of SMARCA4 was evident that could indicate potential compensatory activity. Similar to mouse models, rat CreERT2-transgene and TAMi toxicities were characterized to avoid confounding study interpretation. In summary, a lack of significant safety findings in Smarca2 cKO rats highlights the potential for therapeutics targeting selective SMARCA2 ATPase activity;such therapies are predicted to be tolerated in patients without eliciting significant on-target toxicities.
This cross-sectional study investigated the impact of academic stress on first-/third-person shooter (f/TPS) game addiction and examined the potential mediating roles of depression and impulsivity in this relationship...
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This cross-sectional study investigated the impact of academic stress on first-/third-person shooter (f/TPS) game addiction and examined the potential mediating roles of depression and impulsivity in this relationship. Par-ticipants comprised 33,880 Korean adolescents identified from the Game Overuse General Survey. The present study examined the relationships between the variables via linear regression analysis and Hayes's (2013) PROCESS macro (Model 6). first, the linear regression analyses revealed that academic stress was positively and significantly associated with f/TPS game addiction (b = 0.24, SE = 0.01, p < .001). Second, simple mediation models suggested that the relationship between academic stress and f/TPS game addiction may be mediated by impulsivity (b = .11, Boot SE = 0.01, 95% Boot CI [0.11, 0.12]) and depression (b = 0.03, Boot SE = 0.01, 95% Boot CI [0.02, 0.03]). Moreover, the serial mediation model suggested that impulsivity and depression may serially mediate the relationship between academic stress and f/TPS game addiction (b = .02, SE = 0.01, 95% CI [0.02, 0.03]). A first alternative serial mediation model suggested that academic stress may be sequentially associated with depression and impulsivity, which may further lead to f/TPS game addiction (b = 0.06, SE = 0.01, 95% CI [0.05, 0.06]). These findings imply that academic stress, depression, and impulsivity could be potential risk factors for adolescent f/TPS game addiction. finally, in this paper, we discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the study.
Efficient, selective and highly sensitive detection of H2S is important for environmental protection and human security. Nanomaterials-based cataluminescence (CTL) sensors, especially metal-free catalysts, have been u...
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Efficient, selective and highly sensitive detection of H2S is important for environmental protection and human security. Nanomaterials-based cataluminescence (CTL) sensors, especially metal-free catalysts, have been used for gas sensing. Herein, due to the efficient electron transfer and high specific area of silicon nitride (Si3N4), combined with the strong electronegativity offluorine and oxygen, we purposely synthesized f and O-modified Si3N4 (f/O-Si3N4) by engineering surface states and catalytic properties. We then used it to construct a H2S CTL gas sensor. Compared with other metal-based CTL sensors, the f/O-Si3N4-based CTL system exhibited high sensitivity and a longer lifetime stability. The detection limit was 0.027 & mu;g mL-1 in the detection range of 0.49-8.17 & mu;g mL-1, and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of better than 3.3% were obtained. further research demonstrated the luminescence mechanism, in which the rich oxygen vacancies of Si3N4 promoted the adsorption of O2 and the formation off-Si sites due to the catalytic oxidation of H2S and the generation of SO2*. This served as the main emitter accounting for the strong CTL emission. This work is the first report of the application of Si3N4 as a catalyst for CTL H2S sensing. This will expand the methods for enhancing the catalytic activity and practical applications of metal-free materials.
In his two articles, f. P. A. Demeterio III attempts to classify works in filipino philosophy using a list of twelve (or sixteen) supposed discourses that prominent philosophers in the Philippines have engaged in and ...
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In his two articles, f. P. A. Demeterio III attempts to classify works in filipino philosophy using a list of twelve (or sixteen) supposed discourses that prominent philosophers in the Philippines have engaged in and published over the past few years. from this list, he advises current filipino philosophers to invest their time and effort in contributing to only five of these because of their alleged higher measure of "developmental potential" as opposed to other discourses. In this paper, we raise some fundamental issues with Demeterio's approach. We show that (i) his work's conclusions rest on questionable methodological assumptions that make (ii) the discourses which the work arrived at and the rankings in terms of "developmental potential" superficial and ungrounded. finally, (iii) instead offulfilling the main aim of advancing research in filipino philosophy, the proposed approach may actually lead to its stagnation and demise. We argue that these issues, if left unanswered, make Demeterio's whole approach to filipino philosophy unsound and may put into question the employment of such an approach.
目的探讨5 f Tiger Ⅰ导管塑形技术在复杂冠状动脉造影中应用的效果。方法本研究为单中心、单盲、随机、平行对照试验，连续入选2016年1月至2017年6月在成都医学院第一附属医院首次冠状动脉造影中采用5 f Tiger Ⅰ导管不能完成显影的研...
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目的探讨5 f Tiger Ⅰ导管塑形技术在复杂冠状动脉造影中应用的效果。方法本研究为单中心、单盲、随机、平行对照试验，连续入选2016年1月至2017年6月在成都医学院第一附属医院首次冠状动脉造影中采用5 f Tiger Ⅰ导管不能完成显影的研究对象159例。采用随机数字表法，将研究对象分为两组：对照组79例，采用6 f Judkins及Amplatz导管，经桡动脉途径行冠状动脉造影；试验组80例，采用5 f Tiger Ⅰ造影导管塑形技术，经桡动脉途径行冠状动脉造影。将复杂冠状动脉造影原因分为A、B、C 3类：A类为左、右冠状动脉起源异常；B类为左、右冠状动脉开口较常规开口高或低，或开口向下、向上；C类为升主动脉较长、较宽，或较短、较细。比较两组的冠状动脉造影情况及手术并发症。结果试验组在冠状动脉造影中的X线暴露时间[（4.17±1.67）min比（4.78±1.51）min，P=0.017]、X线剂量[230（175, 275）mGy比267（230, 321）mGy, P〈0.001]、对比剂剂量[（54.6±8.2）ml比（61.8±7.9）ml, P=0.001]、手术时间[21.6（18.9, 25.4）min比26.8（23.4, 31.4）min, P〈0.001]和使用的导管数量[（1.30±0.56）根比（2.47±0.57）根, P=0.001]均少于对照组。试验组与对照组的冠状动脉造影成功率差异无统计学意义[97.5%（78/80）比98.7%（78/79）,P=0.567]。试验组与对照组术中发生桡动脉痉挛[2.5%（2/80）比5.1%（4/79），P=0.396]和冠状动脉痉挛[1.3%（1/80）比3.8%（3/79），P=0.639]的比例差异均无统计学意义。在A和C类原因的研究对象中，两组之间的X线暴露时间、X线剂量和手术时间差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0.05），试验组使用的导管数量均少于对照组（P均〈0.01）。在C类原因的研究对象中，试验组使用的对比剂剂量少于对照组（P=0.001）。在B类原因的研究对象中，试验组的X线剂量、对比剂剂量、手术时间和使用的导管数量均少于对照组（P均〈0.01），两组之间的X线暴露时间差异无统计学意义（P=0.192）。结论对于复杂冠状动脉造影，运用5 f Tiger Ⅰ导管塑形技术与使用6 f Judkins及Amplatz导管相比造影成功率相当，且安全性良好。
fritillaria umitkaplanii Eker & Teksen sp. nov. (Liliaceae) is described as a new species from Turkey. It is morphologically similar to f. armena, f. pinardii and f. assyriaca, but differs from f. armena mainly by...
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fritillaria umitkaplanii Eker & Teksen sp. nov. (Liliaceae) is described as a new species from Turkey. It is morphologically similar to f. armena, f. pinardii and f. assyriaca, but differs from f. armena mainly by its canaliculate and broader leaves, perigone colour and shape, thin filament and anther colour;from f. pinardii by its canaliculate leaves, perigone colour, nectary characteristics, unbranched style and thin filament;and from f. assyriaca by its median leaves and bract longer than inflorescence, shape of median leaves, perigone colour, thin filament and style. Diagnostic characters, description, detailed illustration, geographical distribution, conservation assessment, identification key, observations and taxonomic comments regarding the new species are given.
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