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卫生吸水管净水效果研究

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南方医科大学学报 1988年第2期 164-165页

作者：李焕三曹健杨学矛刘远望李洪才第一军医大学军队卫生学教研室

本文报告了卫生吸水管的消毒效果:除菌率为99.99％,除f;噬菌体率大于99.99％,金属毒物、农药等去除率为82％～100％;处理水量每支为290～380L。

关键词：载银阳树脂载银活性炭大肠杆菌 f 噬菌体净化消毒

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HARDENING LAW AND fATIGUE DAMAGE Of A CYCLIC HARDENING METAL

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ENGINEERING fRACTURE MECHANICS 1987年第2期26卷 163-170页

作者： NIU, XD LI, GX LEE, H Department of Mechanics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China

A method describing the hardening law of a cyclic hardening metal is proposed. The variation of stress-strain relation with cyclic ratio N/N f due to cyclic hardening of a metal under different load levels is described by a new parameter H . The critical value H c at fatigue failure depends upon the load level. Using a normalized cyclic hardening parameter, a fatigue damage model is then constructed. Two level tests show that the fatigue model is acceptable and not sensitive to the change of the method describing the cyclic hardening law.

关键词： D fatigue damage variable H, H′ cyclic hardening parameters h, h′ normalized cyclic hardening parameters H c , H′ c critical value of H or H′ at fatigue failure K′ cyclic strength coefficient N number of cycles n′ cyclic strain hardening exponent N f fatigue life N/N f cyclic ratio β, β′ cyclic hardening rate parameters Δσ° true stress range at the second cycle Δσ true stress range Δε p 0 true plastic strain range at the second cycle Δε p true plastic strain range

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THERMAL DEINTERCALATION Of GRAPHITE-INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS Of ARSENIC CHLORIDE fLUORIDE AND ANTIMONY CHLORIDE fLUORIDE

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CARBON 1987年第6期25卷 727-733页

作者： PREISS, H ALSDORf, E LEHMANN, A Zentralinstitut für physikalische Chemie der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR DDR-1199 Berlin Rudower Chaussee 5 German Democratic Republic

In the reaction of AsCl 2 f 3 with graphite, intercalation compounds of stage n = 3 are produced with an identity period of I c = 1.49 nm. The stoichiometry of the compounds varies in consequence of the dissociation and dismutation reactions of AsCl 2 f 3 . The exfoliation of the crystals and the release of chlorine have been observed during heat treatment. The maximum thermal deintercalation is between 350 and 440°C. Only chlorine and arsenic trihalides, no pentahalides, have been detected by mass spectrometric analysis of the pyrolysis gases. Thermogravimetric investigations of SbCl m f 5-m graphite intercalation compounds as well as mass spectrometric analyses of the pyrolysis gases show that in the deintercalation of the original intercalated pentahalides, their thermal dissociation as well as dismutation by halogen exchange overlap in the course of thermal decomposition. The conversion of stage 1 SbCl 4 f graphite to stage 2 and the formation of dilute stage 2 SbCl 5 graphite as well as SbCl 4 f graphite take place at 80–110°C. A high concentration of the pentahalides SbCl 5 and SbCl 4 f respectively and a low concentration of trihalides have been found by mass spectrometry in the gas phase at 80–110°C. This low-temperature deintercalation is assumed to be a complete or partial emptying of galleries without a structural modification of the graphite layers. The structural conversions of stages n > 2 into stages n + 1 at higher temperatures of about 200 and 300°C are explained by a Daumas-Hérold domain model. Powdered natural graphite and synthetic graphite exhibit a preferred deintercalation of halides at 80–110°C. This may be explained by a higher density of diffusion paths and a lower ratio of crystallite sizes to domain sizes with respect to graphite flakes. The thermal dissociation of the pentahalides beginning at 190–200°C overlaps with the conversion of stage 2 to stage 3. At the same time chlorine is explosively released, leading to the exfoliation of the

关键词： Antimony chloride fluorides arsenic chloride fluoride graphite intercalation AsCl 2 f 3 —graphite SbCl 5 —graphite SbCl 4 f—graphite SbCl 2 f 3 —graphite

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MIXED-VALENCE AS A POLARONIC EffECT

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JOURNAL Of PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY Of SOLIDS 1987年第4期48卷 309-313页

作者： LAGOS, M KIWI, M Facultad de Fisica Universidad Católica de Chile Casilla 6177 Santiago 22 Chile

A theory of intermediate valence, based on a reformulation of the adiabatic approximation which treats the electron-phonon interaction nonperturbatively, is presented. Without assuming a specific model we show that a narrow quasi-degenerate f -band above the fermi level becomes unstable. Due to electron-phonon coupling it collapses giving rise to mixed valent configurations, depending on the location of the f -level relative to the fermi sea. Phenomenological implications are illustrated by a simple model.

关键词： Mixed valence polarons Born-Oppenheimer approximation phase transition symmetry breaking electron-phonon interaction narrow f -bands

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fLASH-INDUCED OXIDATION Of CYTOCHROME-B-563 IN ALGAE UNDER ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS - EffECT Of DINITROPHENYLETHER Of IODONITROTHYMOL

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1987年第1期893卷 1-6页

作者： DELOSME, R JOLIOT, P TREBST, A INST BIOL PHYS CHIM 13 RUE PIERRE & MARIE CURIE F-75005 PARIS FRANCE RUHR UNIV BOCHUM LEHRSTUHL BIOCHEM PFLANZEN D-4630 BOCHUM FED REP GER

Oxidation of cytochrome b-563 and reduction of oxidized plastocyanin were studied under reducing conditions in a mutant of Chlorella sorokiniana submitted to a single actinic flash. The rate of both processes is strongly decreased by addition of dinitrophenylether of iodonitrothymol. The slow increase of the membrane potential (phase b) is also strongly inhibited. Thus dinitrophenylether of iodonitrothymol is an efficient inhibitor of the site of oxidation of cytochrome b by Photosystem I (Qz site) in living algae. These results are consistent with the view that the Qz site can catalyze both cytochrome b-563 reduction and oxidation in a mechanism involving just one heme group of cytochrome b. The rate constant of the inhibitor release is higher than 100 s-1.

关键词： Cytochrome b -563 Plastocyanin Plastoquinone Cytochrome b 6 f complex Quinol binding site DNP-INT, dinitrophenylether of iodonitrothymol NQNO, 2- n -nonyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N -oxide PQH 2 , plastoquinol DBMIB, 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl- p -benzoquinone

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THE GROWTH-RESPONSE Of CONTAINER-GROWN WOODY ORNAMENTALS TO CONTROLLED-RELEASE fERTILIZERS

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SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE 1987年第3-4期32卷 275-286页

作者： WORRALL, RJ LAMONT, GP OCONNELL, MA NICHOLLS, PJ NEW S WALES DEPT AGR HAYMARKET NSW 2000 AUSTRALIA

A range of Australian native and exotic woody ornamentals were grown in a potting medium consisting of 50% composted hardwood sawdust, 25% milled, aged pinebark and 25% coarse sand. Plants were fertilized with two resin-coated controlled-release fertilizers (8-9 month formulations of Osmocote 18N:4.8P:8.3K and Nutricote 16N:4.4P:8.3K plus a basal fertilizer of 0.5 kg m-3 isobutyridene-diurea). More than half of the 16 species showed greater shoot growth with Osmocote than with Nutricote. The difference was probably due to the higher nitrogen content of Osmocote and the different nutrient release-rates of the two fertilizers. Some plants with a high rate of growth were not necessarily very responsive to fertilizer and vice-versa. Root growth showed a similar pattern to shoot growth with respect to fertilizer rate and type. Root/shoot (R/S) ratio declined with increasing fertilizer rate and, at the highest shoot weight, the R/S ratio for most species was approximately 0.3. All plants tested could be grown to a marketable size in 12-20 weeks using 4-5 kg m-3 of controlled-release fertilizer as the major source of nutrients.

关键词： controlled-release fertilizers growth ornamentals EC electrical conductivity f r fertilizer response rate f t fertilizer-type response rate IBDU isobutyridene-diurea RDW root dry weight R g relative growth rate R S root shoot ratio SDW shoot dry weight

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IDENTIfICATION Of TERMINAL N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE RESIDUES Of HIGHLY BRANCHED ASPARAGINE-LINKED OLIGOSACCHARIDES AS IMMUNOREACTIVE DOMAINS Of A CHICKEN HETEROPHILE ANTIGENIC DETERMINANT

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MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY 1987年第7期24卷 765-771页

作者： CHECHIK, BE fONG, M NARASIMHAN, S SCHACHTER, H HOSP SICK CHILDREN RES INST TORONTO M5G 1X8 ONTARIO CANADA UNIV TORONTO DEPT MED TORONTO M5S 1A1 ONTARIO CANADA UNIV TORONTO DEPT IMMUNOL TORONTO M5S 1A1 ONTARIO CANADA UNIV TORONTO DEPT BIOCHEM TORONTO M5S 1A1 ONTARIO CANADA

Chicken heterophile antigenic determinant (CHAD-1) has been previously found in medullary lymphocytes of the bursa and thymus as well as in some non-lymphoid cells by the immunoperoxidase method, using rabbit antiserum to a complete freund''s adjuvant (CfA) as the first antibody. In this work we demonstrated that absorption of anti-CfA serum with highly purified preparations of hen egg white glycoproteins (ovomucoid, ovoinhibitor, ovalbumin) or chicken orosomucoid completely blocked immunoperoxidase staining for CHAD-1. Treatment of these glycoproteins with .beta.-N-acetylglucosaminidase suppressed their capacity to inhibit this staining. Absorption of anti-CfA serum with asparagine-linked glycopeptides which have the mannose .alpha. 1,3 arm disubstituted by GlcNAc residues and which have another GlcNAc residue linked .BETA. 1,4 to the .beta.-linked mannose of the core also inhibited staining for CHAD-1. These data indicated that highly branched asparagine-linked oligosaccharides with terminal GlcNAc residues .beta.-linked to mannose represent immunoreactive domains of CHAD-1.

关键词： CHAD-1 chicken heterophile antigenic determinant IgG immunoglobulin G CfA and IfA complete and incomplete freund's adjuvants respectively PBS phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.6 SDS-PAGE polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate Asn asparagine G d -galactose M = Man or d -mannose Gn = GlcNAc or N -acetyl- d -glucosamine (Gn) a bisecting GlcNAc residue linked β 1,4 to the β-linked mannose of the core f l -fucose (+ f) fucose linked to the Asn-linked GlcNAc R β 1,4 GlcNAcβ1,4GlcNAc-Asn R(+ f) β 1,4GlcNAc(fucα 1,6)β1,4GlcNAc-Asn NMR nuclear magnetic resonance

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fORMATION Of A MUTAGEN, 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO[4,5-B]PYRIDINE (PHIP) IN COOKED BEEf, BY HEATING A MIXTURE CONTAINING CREATININE, PHENYLALANINE AND GLUCOSE

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MUTATION RESEARCH 1987年第3-4期191卷 133-138页

作者： SHIOYA, M WAKABAYASHI, K SATO, S NAGAO, M SUGIMURA, T NATL CANC CTR DIV BIOCHEM CHUO KU TOKYO 104 JAPAN

When a mixture of creatinine, phenylalanine and glucose in diethylene glycol-water solution was heated for 2 h at ***.C, a mutagen, 2-amino-2-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), was found to be produced, identified by high-performance liquid chromatography, and UV-visible and mass spectrometries. The yield of PhIP was 3.6 nmoles/mmole original cretinine. PhIP was originally isolated from cooked beef, and this study shows creatinine, phenylalanine and glucose to be the probable precursors of PhIP in beef.

关键词： 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- b ]pyridine Cooked beef Model system Creatinine Phenylalanine Glucose 4,8-DiMeIQx, 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5- f ]quinoxaline, 95896-78-9 7,8-DiMeIQx, 2-amino-3,7,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5- f ]quinoxaline, 92180-79-5 IQ, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5- f ]quinoline, 76180-96-6 MeIQ, 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5- f ]quinoline, 77094-11-2 MeIQx, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5- f ]quinoxaline, 77500-04-0 PhIP, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- b ]-pyridine, 105650-23-5

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CHANGES IN LEAf PHOSPHATE STATUS HAVE ONLY SMALL EffECTS ON THE PHOTOCHEMICAL APPARATUS Of SUGAR-BEET LEAVES

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PLANT SCIENCE 1987年第1期50卷 49-55页

作者： ABADIA, J RAO, IM TERRY, N UNIV CALIF BERKELEY DEPT PLANT & SOIL SCI BERKELEY CA 94720 USA

The effects of orthophosphate (Pi) on the structure and function of thylakoid membranes was investigated by monitoring changes in thylakoid polypeptides, pigment-proteins, cytochromes (Cyt), atrazine-binding sites, leaf fluorescence characteristics, photosynthetic quantum yield and electron transport (including Cyt f dark reduction) in leaves of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. cv. f58-554H1) plants cultured hydroponically with different levels of Pi supply. Low-P treatment (i.e. low external Pi supply) decreased soluble leaf phosphorus (P) by 78% and total plant dry matter by 77%, and decreased light-saturated photosynthetic CO2 fixation by 32%. The results show that low-P treatment had only minor effects on thylakoid membrane composition and function. There was some evidence that low-P increased the amounts of photosystem (PS) I and light harvesting chlorophyll-protein complexes and of the Cyt f and b563, relative to the amounts of PS II reaction center complex, the number of atrazine binding sites and Cyt b539. Low-P treatment had very little effect, if any, on photosynthetic quantum yield and only small effects on chlorophyll fluorescence.

关键词： thylakoid membrane chlorophyll fluorescence leaf phosphate sugar beet Chl chlorophyll Cf coupling factor Cyt cytochrome DCIP 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol DMBQ 2,5-dimethyl benzoquinone f I emission peak related to photosystem I f II low-wavelength emission peak related to photosystem II f 0 initial chlorophyll fluorescence yield f m maximum chlorophyll fluorescence yield f v = f m - f 0 variable chlorophyll fluorescence yield LHCP light harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein LiDS lithium dodecyl sulfate MV methyl viologen PAR photosynthetically active radiation P i orthophosphate PS photosystem Q first quinone-type acceptor of photosystem II TMBZ 3,3′5,5′-tetramethylbenzidene

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SEASONAL-VARIATION IN DUST MITE AND GRASS-POLLEN ALLERGENS IN DUST fROM THE HOUSES Of PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA

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JOURNAL Of ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 1987年第5期79卷 781-791页

作者： PLATTSMILLS, TAE HAYDEN, ML CHAPMAN, MD WILKINS, SR UNIV VIRGINIA DEPT MED DIV ALLERGY & CLIN IMMUNOL CHARLOTTESVILLE VA 22908 USA

In order to study seasonal variation in dust-mite allergen, we obtained dust samples from bedding, carpet, and/or sofas in 12 houses in central Virginia, monthly, for 1 year. The houses included those of nine patients with asthma of whom six were allergic to dust mites. Dust samples were assayed with an inhibition radioimmunoassay for mite allergen that detects cross-reacting determinants on Der f and Der p I from Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus, respectively. The results are expressed as micrograms of antigen P1 equivalent (AgP1Eq). The results demonstrate that large seasonal variations in allergen, i.e., more than twentyfold, can occur in dust from all sites and are not restricted to the houses of allergic patients. However, dust from some sites, particularly sofas, remained "high" (> 10 .mu.g AgP1Eq per gram), whereas dust from other sites remained "low" (< 1 .mu.g AgP1Eq per gram) throughout the year. Levels of mite allergen generally started to rise in July about 1 month after the rise in humidity. In August to December, the mean levels of AgP1Eq in house dust were highly significantly increased relative to April to May. In keeping with this finding, in 31 of 37 sites, the highest level for the year was observed in August through December. In four sites, mite bodies were counted, and the numbers increased sharply in June to July;however, they decreased in September in parallel with falls in humidity but several months before the fall in mite allergen. Ryegrass-pollen allergen in 12 sites was also assayed in house dust, and pollen-allergen levels demonstrated a sharp increase in May or June that fell back to preseason values within 2 months. Dust was also obtained from the houses of 50 patients with acute or severe asthma. The results on these samples suggest that mite-allergic patients are more likely to have attacks in the fall at a time when their houses have > 10 .mu.g ApP1Eq per gram of dust. The magnitude of changes observed seasonally within

关键词： AgP 1 Eq Antigen P 1 equivalent BSA Bovine serum albumin Der p I Antigen P 1 of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Antigen P 1 qual Dp 42 and Dpt 12) Der f I Antigen f 1 of D. farinae (Antigen f 1 equal Df 11) Grass allergen Grass-pollen allergen Lol p I Group I protein of ryegrass ( Lolium perene ) pollen (Rye I) PBS Phosphate-buffered saline pH 7.2 RIA Radioimmunoassay

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