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Studies on the mechanism of tris-induced inactivation of oxygen evolution

BBA - Bioenergetics 1978年第2期502卷 321-344页

作者： Cheniae, G.M. Martin, I.f. Martin-Marietta Laboratories Baltimore MD United States

A study was made of the inactivation by Tris of O2 evolution in chloroplasts and the subsequent reactivation of O2 evolution. We conclude: 1. 1. At concentrations of Tris sufficient to inhibit O2 evolution directly, a... 详细信息

A study was made of the inactivation by Tris of O₂ evolution in chloroplasts and the subsequent reactivation of O₂ evolution. We conclude: 1. 1. At concentrations of Tris sufficient to inhibit O₂ evolution directly, a slow rate (t_{1 2} ≈ 20-25 min) of inactivation occurs;2. 2. Inactivation is accelerated (t_{1 2} ≈ 2 min) by weak light absorbed by system II and is rate limited by a dark step with a half-time of about 200 s;3. 3. Minimally one quantum event within System II is sufficient to inactive 50-70% of the O₂ evolving centers;4. 4. This process is 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea insensitive but is inhibited by reduced dichlorophenol indophenol and phenazine methosulfate, carbonylcyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone, 2-(3-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl)-anilino-3,5-dinitrothiophene and tetraphenylboron;5. 5. Partial reactivation of inactive O₂ evolving centers is effected by the use of the same reagents inhibiting the light induced inactivations;6. 6. The life-time (t_{1 2} ≈ 1 to 3 h) of the activable state is correlated with diffusion across thylakoids of the larger manganese pool released from binding sites and remaining in thylakoids following inactivation of O₂ evolution. © 1978.

关键词： ANT-2p 2-(3-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl)-anilino-3,5-dinitrothiophene CCCP carbonylcyanide- m -chlorophenylhydrazone DCIP and DCIPH 2 oxidized and reduced forms of 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol DCMU 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea f and f ⨥ the precursor and the species yielding EPR Signal II fCCP carbonylcyanide- p -trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone f 0 the invariable fluorescence yield f max the maximum level of fluorescence Sig. II f and Sig. II vf the fast and very fast decaying species of EPR Signal II V quantum yield V max uncoupled rate at saturating intensity. Buffer 1, 0.4 M sucrose/0.05 M Tricine/0.02 M NaCl, pH 7.4

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Ultrastrukturanalyse der endoplasmatischen Algen von Amphistegina lessonii d'Orbigny, foraminifera (Protozoa) und ihre systematische Stellung)

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Archiv fur Protistenkunde 1978年第1-2期120卷 16-62页

作者： Berthold, Wulf-Ulrich Institut fü Biologie III Universität Tübingen Germany

The ultrastructure of the endoplasmic algae in adult (a. A.) and young Amphistegina lessonii (y. A.) is described, and compared with the situation in such algae, which show the same main chloroplast structures. The chloroplasts have lamellae without grana, the number of thylakoids per lamella is three, a girdle lamella is present. The chloroplasts are surrounded by a sheath of the endoplasmic reticulum which is continuous with the nuclear envelope. The pyrenoid (simple internal) is membrane bound in the algae of a. A. and not membrane bound in the algae of y. A. One or two thylakoids enter the pyrenoid. The golgi consists of two dictyosomes, associated to the nucleus. During mitosis a “spindle precursor” appears. The spindle is presumably formed extranuclear and sinks in the caryoplasm when the nuclear envelope breaks down. The spindle consists of one boundle of 19 microtubules. Centrioles are not present, but a “polar complex”. There exist oil droplets, vacuoles and a typical “vesicular complex”. Algae, living in the “Lakunen System” may have uncomplete skeleton like structures similar to a diatom frustule. They are not present in algae, lying in plasmatic vesicles of Amphistegina. The comparison with Phaeophyceae, Xanthophyceae, Chrysophyceae and Bacillariophyceae (Diatomeae) show, that the algae of Amphistegina are Diatoms. © 1978, All rights reserved.

关键词： A a. A. aC Alge Amphistegina, adult Amphistegina, juvenil C CH Chloroplast Chloroplastenhülle coated vesicles cV D db dense body Dictyosom eR eR endoplasmatisches Retikulum f GL Gürtellamelle H haustorienartiger Plasmastrang iC innere Calzitlage j. A. K Kernhülle Kernpore KH KP L La Lakunensystem Lamelle Lipidtropfen Lk M Mb Mi Microbodies Mitochondrium Mündung N Nukleolus ol organic lining organische Schicht oS P pc periplastidäre Zisterne PG PL Plasmalemma Plastoglobuli Po polar complex PoM Pore pore plug Porentrichter pp Primäre organische Membran Proloculus Ps Pseudopodien Pt Py Pyrenoid pZ R Residualkörper Ri Ribosom Silikalemma Sk Skelett SL Sp Spindel spindle precursor spp Stachel-Vesikel SV T Thylakoid V Vakuole Ve Vesikel Vesikel mit fibrillen vesikulärer Komplex vK W Wandung Z Zellkern Zentralkorn äuβere Calzitlage

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Two-step modification of aspartate aminotransferase with 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene Cross-link localization

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BBA - Protein Structure 1978年第2期534卷 358-367页

作者： Deyev, S.M. Afanasenko, G.A. Polyanovsky, O.L. Institute of Molecular Biology Academy of Sciences the U.S.S.R. Moscow Russian Federation

At pH 7, the apoenzyme of carboxymethylated and acylated aspartate aminotransferase reacts selectively with 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene to form a single intramolecular covalent bond with the ε{lunate}-amino group of the functional lysine residue located within the active centre. On shifting the pH to 9, the second fluorine atom of the bifunctional reagent is substituted with the sterically adjacent side groups of cysteine and tyrosine residues. The modified apoenzyme was subjected to partial proteolysis with pronase, and the digest was used to obtain and isolate the labeled products and to localize amino acid residues involved in the reaction. The established structures of several peptides containing Cys-2,4-dinitrobenzene-Lys and Tyr-2,4-dinitrobenzene-Lys allowed the identification of the amino acid residues involved in the reaction with the bifunctional reagent as Lys 258, Cys 390 and probably Tyr-70. The residues of Cys and Tyr are thus located at a distance of approximately 5 Å (the length of the dinitrophenylene bridge) from the lysine residue forming an aldimine bond with pyridoxal 5′-phosphate in the active site. © 1978.

关键词： f 2 N 2 ph, 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene Cys-N 2 ph-Lys-1-( S -cysteil)-5-( N ϵ -lysyl)-2,4-dinitrobenzene Tyr-N 2 ph-Lys-1( O -tyrosyl)-5-( N ϵ -lysyl)-2,4-dinitrobenzene Bu-N 2 ph-Lys- S -butyl-5-( N ϵ -lysyl)-2,4-dinitrothiophenol

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IMIDAZO[4, 5-f]QUINOLINES .3. ANTIBACTERIAL 7-METHYL-9-(SUBSTITUTED ARYLAMINO)IMIDAZO[4, 5-f]QUINOLINES

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JOURNAL Of PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 1977年第8期66卷 1204-1206页

作者： SNYDER, HR SPENCER, Cf fREEDMAN, R NORWICH PHARM CO DEPT RES & DEV NORWICH NY 13815 USA

A series of 7-methyl-9-(substituted arylamino)imidazo-[4,5-f]quinolines were prepared and screened against 4 varieties of bacteria [Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium liquefaciens and Haemophilus... 详细信息

关键词： Imidazo[4,5- f ]quinolines, substituted—synthesized, screened for antibacterial activity Antibacterial activity—various substituted imidazo[4,5- f ]quinolines screened Structure-activity relationships—various substituted imidazo[4,5- f ]quinolines screened for antibacterial activity

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UTILIZATION Of CALCIUM L-PHENYLLACTATE AS A SUBSTITUTE fOR PHENYLALANINE BY UREMIC PATIENTS

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METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL 1977年第9期26卷 1041-1046页

作者： MITCH, WE WALSER, M JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCH MED DEPT MED BALTIMORE MD 21218 USA JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCH MED DEPT PHARMACOL & EXPTL THERAPEUT BALTIMORE MD 21218 USA

The efficacy of calcium L-phenyllactate as a substitute for phenylalanine was examined in 8 uremic patients who were also receiving Ca salts of the .alpha.-keto analogs of the branched-chain amino acids and the D,L-.alpha.-hydroxy analog of methionine in addition to the remaining 4 essential amino acids themselves. N balance, corrected for urea accumulation but not for cutaneous losses, was measured while the patients ate a virtually protein-free diet supplemented with the above mixture and glycine as a source of nonessential N. Two men were in negative N balance whether receiving this regimen (-2.58 .+-. 0.43 g N/day) or 21.5 g/day of essential amino acids, including 2 g of phenylalanine (-2.76 .+-. 0.46 N/day). There was no apparent reason for their excessive catabolism. In contrast, 6 women had an average measured N balance of +0.73 .+-. 0.23 g N/day on this regimen. If an estimate for unmeasured N losses was included in their measured N balances, 1 patient was in positive balance (+0.90 g N/day), 3 in neutral balance (+0.43, +0.42, +0.11 g N/day) and 2 in negative balance, (-0.26, -0.56 g N/day), yielding an average balance of +0.23 .+-. 0.23 g N/day. These data contrast with reported negative balances of -1.8 to -3.8 g N/day of subjects eating a phenylalanine-free diet. In this group of 6 uremic patients, calcium L-phenyllactate was converted to phenylalanine and utilized to maintain N balance.

关键词： NUUN nonurea urinary nitrogen excretion f fecal nitrogen UUN urea nitrogen excretion Δ accumulation of urea in body water SUN serum urea nitrogen GfR glomerular filtration rate I daily nitrogen intake O daily nitrogen output σ I-O SE of daily differences between nitrogen intake and output σ Δ SE of linear regression slope of the urea nitrogen pool b N nitrogen balance σ bN SE of daily nitrogen balance measurements

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REVERSIBILITY Of LIPOfUSCIN ACCUMULATION CAUSED BY PROTEIN-MALNUTRITION IN MOTOR CORTEX Of SQUIRREL-MONKEYS, SAIMIRI-SCIREUS

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ACTA HISTOCHEMICA 1977年第2期58卷 219-231页

作者： MANOCHA, SL SHARMA, SP EMORY UNIV YERKES REG PRIMATE RES CTR DEPT NEUROHISTOCHEM ATLANTA GA USA

Lipofuscin pigment was demonstrated histochemically in the motor cortex by the use of several histochemical and cytochemical methods in the healthy (maintained on a diet with 25% protein content) and protein malnourished (maintained on a diet with 2% protein content) adult animals. In the latter category, 4 animals were rehabilitated over a period of 11 mo. and various histochemical techniques were repeated on the motor cortex of these animals. The healthy animals showed a somewhat uniform distribution of lipofuscin pigment in the neuronal perikarya with the perineuronal glia showing only slight occurrence of pigment bodies. The malnourished animals exhibited a significantly larger number of lipofuscin bodies in the neuronal and glial perikarya. The neurons, especially, showed aggregations of lipofuscin bodies characterized by a large increase in the activity of acid phosphatase and simple esterases. The rehabilitated animals showed a decrease of lipofuscin pigment in the neuronal perikarya with a concomitant loss of lysosomal enzymes, while a significant increase of these bodies was observed in the perineuronal glial cells. It is evident that the formation of lipofuscin pigment gets accelerated under the extrinsic influence of dietary protein deprivation in the adult animals, but the process is reversed at least to some extent by halting the dietary deficiency or its correction by rehabilitation. The perineuronal glial cells appear to play a significant role in the removal of lipofuscin bodies from the neuronal perikarya. The significance of this observation was discussed.

关键词： B Bouin's fluid C Carnoy's fluid f formalin fca formaldehyde-calcium (unpostchromed) fca + Pc formaldehyde-calcium (postchromed) R Resistant Z Zenker − Negative + Slightly positive ± The pigment at the same site is partly positive (+) and partly negative (−), or some granules, though entirely positive, may, in certain situations, be negative as well ++ Moderately positive +++ Strongly positive ++++ Intensely positive

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BIOGENESIS Of MITOCHONDRIAL ATPASE

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977年第1期463卷 1-27页

作者： SEBALD, W UNIV MUNICH INST PHYSIOL CHEM & PHYS BIOCHEM D-8000 MUNICH 2 GERMANY

The biogenesis of mitochondrial ATPase [in Saccharomyces cerevisiae] depended on a close cooperation of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic protein synthesis. The polar constituents of the enzyme protein were formed on cytoplasmic ribosomes and imported into the mitochondria. Mitochondrially made hydrophobic polypeptides are integral constituents of the membrane factor. The number of these mitochondrial translation products may not be finally established. Whereas cytochrome oxidase as well as cytochrome bc1 were found to contain the same set of mitochondrially synthesized polypeptides in yeast and Neurospora crassa, the results obtained with mitochondrial ATPase were only partially in accordance. The difference was greatest with the mitochondrial proteolipid. This protein may be synthesized in the yeast inside and in Neurospora outside the mitochondria. The mitochondrially made subunits of the ATPase complex were probably coded for by cytoplasmic genes. The identification and mapping of these genes may be expected in the near future. New cytoplasmic mutants are currently being isolated, and new techniques were developed for genetic and physical mapping of mitochondrial DNA. The assignment of structure genes to individual polypeptide chains, however, will presumably depend on the isolation of pure subunits and their chemical and immunological characterization.

关键词： f 1 soluble oligomycin-insensitive ATPase OSCP oligomycin-sensitivity conferring protein DCCD dicyclohexylcarbodiimide

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ARGININE MODIfIERS AS ENERGY-TRANSfER INHIBITORS IN PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977年第1期462卷 177-186页

作者： SCHMID, R JAGENDORf, AT HULKOWER, S CORNELL UNIV DIV BIOL SCI GENET SECT ITHACA NY 14853 USA

Photophosphorylation by spinach chloroplasts is inhibited after they have been incubated in the dark with either phenylglyoxal or butanedione. Inhibition by phenylglyoxal is strongest when N-ethylmorpholine is the buffer used during the incubation;that by butanedione requires the presence of borate as buffer. The inhibitions are not reversed by simply washing out the inhibitor, suggesting that a covalent modification of 1 or more arginine residues is responsible. This is supported by the reversibility of the butanedione inhibition if both the inhibitor and borate buffer are removed. ATPase of the chloroplasts, and of extracted protein, is inhibited, whether activated by trypsin or by heating. This indicates that arginine residues of the coupling factor are the probable major site(s) for attack by these modifiers, leading to the observed inhibitions.

关键词： Cf 1 the coupling factor of chloroplasts f 1 the coupling factor of mitochondria NBD-chloride 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole Tris tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane Tricine N -tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl glycine MOPS morpholinopropane sulfonic acid HEPES N -2-hydroxyethylpiperazine- N ′-2-ethane sulfonic acid DCPIP dichlorophenolindophenol

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NATURAL PROTEIN ATPASE INHIBITOR fROM CANDIDA-UTILIS MITOCHONDRIA - BINDING PROPERTIES Of RADIOLABELED INHIBITOR

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fEBS LETTERS 1977年第1期84卷 129-134页

作者： KLEIN, G SATRE, M VIGNAIS, P CEN DEPT RECH FONDAMENTALEBIOCHIM LABF-38041 GRENOBLEFRANCE FAC MED GRENOBLE BIOCHIM LABGRENOBLEFRANCE

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ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION Of A MYOSIN-LIKE PROTEIN fROM BOVINE ADRENAL-MEDULLA

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fEBS LETTERS 1977年第1期77卷 69-74页

作者： JOHNSON, DH MCCUBBIN, WD KAY, CM UNIV ALBERTA MRCGRP PROTEIN STRUCT & FUNCTIONEDMONTON T6G 2H7ALBERTACANADA UNIV ALBERTA DEPT BIOCHEMEDMONTON T6G 2H7ALBERTACANADA

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