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作者： Ludvíková, Michaela Brno University of Technology

Diplomová práce se zabývá založením cukrárny Lenka a zároveň slouží jako podnikatelský záměr pro vybudování cukrárny. První část obsahuje te... 详细信息

Diplomová práce se zabývá založením cukrárny Lenka a zároveň slouží jako podnikatelský záměr pro vybudování cukrárny. První část obsahuje teoretické poznatky, na které navazuje analýza trhu a marketingový průzkum. V návrhové části je vytvořen daný podnikatelský plán, který zhodnocuje šanci na úspěšnou realizaci projektu.

关键词： Podnikatelský plán cukrárna analýza konkurence SWOT analýza marketingový průzkum marketingový mix financování Porterův model pěti sil bod zvratu. Business plan patisserie competitive analysis SWOT analysis marketing research marketing mix f

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La Unión Europea y su problemática de integración

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Economía Informa 2017年 403卷 4-20页

作者： Santiaga Ánima Puentes

La Unión Europea ha enfrentado en los últimos años serios problemas que han puesto en duda su viabilidad, frente a esa situación se plantea en este trabajo cuáles serían las posibles vías por las cuales los países integrantes de la Unión pueden superar las dificultades de la integración. Europa se ha visto cimbrada por la crisis global y ha mostrado su vulnerabilidad frente a embates externos de carácter financiero; en ese sentido, la Unión Europea no se ha visto fortalecida como era el objetivo de su creación. Los indicadores económicos han mostrado que los países de la Unión Europea están enfrentando fluctuaciones en su actividad económica a partir de la recesión de 2009, obligando a responder en un primer momento con políticas expansivas de la demanda agregada vía aumento del déficit público y de los niveles de endeudamiento, y en un segundo momento con políticas de ajuste y reducción del gasto. El contexto de crisis global en el cual la Unión Europea es un protagonista central la obliga a tener una mayor participación económica y social. El mayor reto que tiene es resolver sus problemas internos, una vez que lo logre podrá actuar en bloque frente a problemas provenientes de fuera de la zona europea, sino lo resuelven, se acrecentaran los conflicto económicos y sociales, mismos que pueden complicar más el escenario actual y retardar el proceso de integración europea. The European Union has faced in recent years serious problems that have called into question its viability, considering these facts, this work shares possible routes by which members of the Union can overcome the difficulties of the integration process. Europe has been shaken by the global crisis and has shown its vulnerability to external financial shocks; in this regard, the European Union has not been strengthened as it was intended with its creation. The economic indicators have shown that the countries of the European Union are facing constant fluctuations in their economic activity since the re

关键词： Economía internacional Integración económica Politica comercial International Economics Economic Integration Trade Negotiations f f02 f13

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Middle-Late Pleistocene Eastern Mediterranean nutricline depth and coccolith preservation linked to Monsoon activity and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation

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GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE 2022年第0期217卷

作者： Incarbona, Alessandro Marino, Gianluca Di Stefano, Enrico Grelaud, Michael Pelosi, Nicola Rodriguez-Sanz, Laura Rohling, Eelco J. Univ Palermo Dipartimento Sci Terra & Mare Via Archirafi 22 I-90134 Palermo Italy Univ Vigo Ctr Invest Marina Palaeoclimatol Lab GEOMA Vigo 36310 Spain Australian Natl Univ Res Sch Earth Sci Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Univ Auto noma Barcelona UAB Inst Environm Sci & Technol ICTA Edifici ZCarrer ColumnesCampus UAB Barcelona 08193 Cerdanyola Del Spain CNR Ist Sci Patrimonio Culturale Via Cardinale Guglielmo Sanfelice 8 I-80134 Naples Italy Univ Southampton Ocean & Earth Sci Southampton SO14 3ZH England

The eastern Mediterranean Sea lies under the influence of high-and low-latitude climatic systems. The northern part of the basin is affected by Atlantic depressions and continental and polar air masses that promote inter-mediate and deep-water formation. The southern part is influenced by subtropical conditions and monsoon activity. Monsoon intensification results in enhanced freshwater discharge from the Nile River and other (now dry) systems along the North African margin. This freshwater influx into the Mediterranean Sea reduces surface water buoyancy loss. Disentangling the influences of these diverse climatic forcings is hindered by inherent proxy data limitations and by interactions between the climatic forcings. Here we use a wealth of published and new paleoclimate records across Termination II to understand the impacts of the higher latitude and subtropical/ monsoon climate influences on coccolithophore ecology and holococcolith preservation in Aegean Sea sediment core LC21. We then use these findings to interpret coccolith assemblage variations at Ocean Drilling Program Site 967 (located nearby LC21, at the Eratosthenes Seamount) during multiple glacial-interglacial cycles across the Middle Pleistocene (marine isotopic stages 14-9). The LC21 analysis suggests that holococcolith preservation was enhanced during Heinrich Stadial 11 (-133 ka) and cold spell C26 (-119 ka). These two events have been previously linked to cold conditions in the North Atlantic and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation weakening. We propose that associated atmospheric perturbations over the Mediterranean Sea promoted deep -water formation, and thus holococcolith preservation. Similarly, in the Middle Pleistocene (MIS 14-9) of Site 967, we observe temporal coincidence between ten episodes of enhanced holococcolith preservation and episodes of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation slowdown. In Site 967, we also identified repeated fluctuations in placoliths and in floris

关键词： Coccolith f profunda Holococcolith Eastern Mediterranean Middle Pleistocene Monsoon

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Integrative approach reveals new insights into photosynthetic and redox protection in ex vitro tobacco plantlets acclimatization to increasing light intensity

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Biotechnology Research and Innovation 2019年 3卷 59-72页

作者： Cinthya f. Vieira fabricio E.L. Carvalho Yugo Lima-Melo Cristina P.S. Carvalho Milton C. Lima Neto Marcio O. Martins Joaquim A.G. Silveira Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Federal University of Ceará CEP 60451-970 Brazil Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University – UNESP Coastal Campus CEP 11380-972 Brazil

Integrative mechanisms involving photosynthetic and antioxidant protection regulated by light intensity during in vitro and ex vitro plantlets acclimatization are poorly understood. Tobacco plantlets grown under in vitro and ex vitro environments were exposed to different light regimes to evaluate the role of photosynthesis and antioxidant protection. In vitro plantlets displayed a narrow photosynthetic capacity to cope with light as revealed by low net CO 2 assimilation ( P N ), decreased actual quantum efficiency of photosystem II (ΦPSII) associated with non-induction of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). In contrast, acclimated ex vitro plants showed strong stimulation in P N whereas ΦPSII and NPQ remained at high levels. In vitro plantlets exposed to moderate light suffered strong oxidative stress associated with increased activities of superoxide dismutases, catalases and ascorbate peroxidases, revealing an ineffective antioxidant system. In contrast, ex vitro plants presented lower oxidative damage in parallel to unchanged enzymatic activities, indicating an efficient antioxidant steady state. The levels of reduced ascorbate (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) were also increased only in ex vitro plants in response to excess light. An integrative study based on correlation networks and principal component analyses (PCA) corroborate that the two plant groups indeed displayed contrasting acclimation processes. In conclusion, during in vitro to ex vitro transition, tobacco plantlets exposed to increasing light display physiological adjustments involving photosynthesis and improvement of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. These findings highlight the importance of integrative approaches to understand ex vitr o acclimatization to environmental stimuli.

关键词： APX ascorbate peroxidase ASC ascorbate CAT catalase Ci intercellular CO 2 partial pressure DAB 3,3′-diaminobenzidine DHA dehydroascorbate E leaf transpiration EDTA ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid ETR actual electron transport rate from PSII f m maximum fluorescence in dark-adapted leaves f o minimum fluorescence in dark-adapted leaves f v / f m maximum quantum yield of PSII fW fresh weight g s stomatal conductance GSH glutathione GSSG glutathione disulfide IRGA infrared gas analyzer LL low light MD membrane damage MDA malondialdehyde ML moderate light NBT nitroblue tetrazolium NPQ non-photochemical quenching PCA principal component analysis P N max maximum net photosynthesis P N CO 2 assimilation rate (net photosynthesis) PPfD photosynthetic photon flux density PSII photosystem II Ref reference Rn dark respiration ROS reactive oxygen species SOD superoxide dismutase TBA thiobarbituric acid TBARS thiobarbituric acid reactive substances α photosynthetic quantum efficiency Γ light compensation point ΦPSII effective quantum yield of PSII Ex vitro acclimatization Nicotiana tabacum Oxidative stress Photosynthesis

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Characterizing pink and white noise in the human electroencephalogram

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JOURNAL Of NEURAL ENGINEERING 2021年第3期18卷

作者： Barry, Robert J. De Blasio, frances M. Univ Wollongong Brain & Behav Res Inst Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia Univ Wollongong Sch Psychol Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia

Objective. The power spectrum of the human electroencephalogram (EEG) as a function of frequency is a mix of brain oscillations (Osc) (e.g. alpha activity around 10 Hz) and non-Osc or noise of uncertain origin. 'White noise' is uniformly distributed over frequency, while 'pink noise' has an inverse power-frequency relation (power proportional to 1/f). Interest in EEG pink noise has been growing, but previous human estimates appear methodologically flawed. We propose a new approach to extract separate valid estimates of pink and white noise from an EEG power spectrum. Approach. We use simulated data to demonstrate its effectiveness compared with established procedures, and provide an illustrative example from a new resting eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) dataset. The topographic characteristics of the obtained pink and white noise estimates are examined, as is the alpha power in this sample. Main results. Valid pink and white noise estimates were successfully obtained for each of our 5400 individual spectra (60 participants x 30 electrodes x 3 conditions/blocks [EO1, EC, EO2]). The 1/f noise had a distinct central scalp topography, and white noise was occipital in distribution, both differing from the parietal topography of the alpha Osc. These differences point to their separate neural origins. EC pink and white noise powers were globally greater than in EO. Significance. This valid estimation of pink and white noise in the human EEG holds promise for more accurate assessment of oscillatory neural activity in both typical and clinical groups, such as those with attention deficits. further, outside the human EEG, the new methodology can be generalized to remove noise from spectra in many fields of science and technology.

关键词： 1 f neural noise pink noise white noise electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis

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Optical vibronic spectra in reactor neutron irradiated α - Al 2 O 3

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Physics Procedia 2009年第2期2卷 551-557页

作者： Rahman Abu Zayed Mohammad Saliqur T. Awata N. Yamashita Y. Inada K. Oshima Qiu Xu K. Atobe Department of Physics Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University 1-1 Naka 3-Chome Tsushima Okayama 700-8530 Japan Department of Physics Naruto University of Education 748 Aza Nakajima Naruto Tokushima 772-8502 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Education Okayama University 1-1Naka 3-Chome Tsushima Okayama 700-8530 Japan Reactor Research Institute Kyoto University Kumatori Sennan Osaka 590-0494 Japan

The excitation spectra with the vibronic structure near the 360 nm absorption band and emission spectra with the vibronic structure near the 430 nm emission band have been studied comparing neutron irradiated α-Al 2 O 3 at pile temperature (360 K) and at 20 K. In particular, the optical vibronic emission spectra of the neutron irradiated single crystal α-Al 2 O 3 in low temperature have been analyzed. Huang Rhys factors of 360 nm excitation and 430 nm emission band are calculated. Also, Debye temperature has been estimated by curve fitting using temperature dependence of the excitation band. It can be seen that the excitation band derives from f 2 + type center and emission band is suggested as f + type center.

关键词： Vibronic structure Neutron irradiation f + center f 2 + Aggregate center α - Al 2 O 3

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Libre comercio: tratados y nuevo orden. Un balance

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Economía UNAM 2016年第38期13卷 122-130页

作者： Antonio Gazol Sánchez

El libre comercio es una antigua aspiración que, en rigor, nace con la ciencia económica a fines del siglo xviii , pero que solo ha existido, en forma parcial y limitada, en el último tercio del siglo xix y hasta la I Guerra. El nacimiento del gatt después de la II Guerra como segunda opción ante la fracasada Carta de Comercio y Empleo obedece a la necesidad de las grandes potencias comerciales de la época de liberalizar el comercio. Éste prevé la formación de zonas de libre comercio y de uniones aduaneras como mecanismos alternos al libre comercio de alcance universal; existen más de 400 y México es parte de 11 de ellos con lo que formaliza, no inicia, su apertura económica y de dos agrupaciones multilaterales (Alianza del Pacífico y Acuerdo Transpacífico), lo que debe ser analizado cuidadosamente. Al final se especula en torno a los acuerdos Transpacífico y Trasatlántico y su posible influencia en el funcionamiento de la economía mundial. The free trade is an ancient aspiration, that in essence was born with the economic science in the late eighteenth century, but that has only existed in partial and limited form in the last third of the nineteenth century and until ww1 . The birth of the gatt comes after the failure of the Havana Conference and obeys the need of the world powers in the time of the commerce liberalization. It proposes the creation of free trade zones and customs unions as side mechanisms of global free trade. There are more than 400 free trade agreements and Mexico has signed 11 of them (with which it formalizes, but does not start, its economic opening) and also has taken part in two free trade transnational alliances ( tpp and Pacific Alliance), which must be carefully analyzed. In the end it's thought around the Transpacific and Transatlantic free trade agreements and their possible influence on the global economy.

关键词： f f13 f15 Economía Internacional Política Comercial Integración Económica International Economics Commercial Policy Economic Integration

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La situación económica de la Argentina

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Economía UNAM 2015年第36期12卷 16-33页

作者： Alfredo Eric Calcagno École Nationale d’Administration actualmente es diputado Nacional de Buenos Aires Argentina

Argentina aplica un modelo de desarrollo económico con inclusión social y en doce años se han mejorado sensiblemente los principales indicadores económicos, como resultados de 31 acciones de gobierno aplicados de 2003 a la fecha. En la raíz de la actual crisis global destacan tres problemas básicos: cómo desbaratar la hegemonía del sector financiero globalizado y de sus agentes locales; cómo restablecer la potestad soberana del Estado para cumplir con su rol histórico de impulsar un desarrollo incluyente y sostenible; y cómo redistribuir la riqueza, el conocimiento para dar sustento económico, político y social a ese proceso. Se advierte que las conquistas obtenidas hacen muy difícil un retroceso; pero aun cuando así fuera, la política económica neoliberal no podrá exhibirse más como la única posible. Argentina applies a model of economic developing with social inclusion and in twelve years the principal financial indicators have improved noticeably, as a result of 31 actions of government applied since 2003 to date. In the root of actual global crisis highlight three basic problems: how to disrupt the hegemony of the globalized financial sector and its local agents; how to reestablish the sovereign power of the State to fulfill its historic role of promoting inclusive and sustainable development; and how toreallocate wealth, the knowledge to give economic, political and social sustenance to that *** warns that the obtained conquests make avery difficult setback;but even if so, neo-liberal economic policy may not be more exhibit as the only possible.

关键词： f N26 O57 Economía internacional América Latina Estudios comparativos de países International Economics Latin America Comparative Studies of Countries

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SEISMIC GEOLOGY

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Abstracts of Chinese Geological Literature 2006年第3期22卷 24-36页

20061343 Cui Xiaofeng (Institute of Crustal Dynamics, CEA, Beijing 100085, China); Xie furen Regional Characteristics of focal Mechanism Solutions in China and Its Adjacent Areas (Seismology and Geology, ISSN 0253-4967, CN 11-2192/P, 27(2), 2005, p.298-307, 6 illus. , 2 tables, 15 refs. )focal mechanism, China Based on analysis of distribution of 2 660 earthquake focal mechanism solutions from “Database of Crustal Stress of China and Adjacent Area” (updated to December, 2003), the regional characteristics of focal mechanism solutions are studied. In the Northeast and North China stress regions, the orientations of maximum horizontal stress mostly are in the near EW direction and NEE-SWW direction. The strike-slip focal mechanism is predominant in Northeast and North China stress regions. In the South China stress region, the predominant orientation of maximum horizontal stress is in NE-SW direction. The focal mechanisms mainly include thrust faulting and strike-slip faulting. In the Xinjiang stress region, the predominant orientation of maximum horizontal stress is in near N-S direction.

关键词： quake strike moderate magnitude epicenter tables f

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Strong-field tests off(R)-gravity in binary pulsars

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International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 2016年第41期ijmpcs卷

作者： Polina I. Dyadina Stanislav O. Alexeyev Salvatore Capozziello Mariafelicia De Laurentis Kristina A. Rannu Sternberg Astronomical Institute Lomonosov Moscow State University Universitetsky Prospekt 13 Moscow 119991 Russia Physics Department Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119991 Russia Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche Universit di Napoli “Federico II” 80126 Napoli Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli 80126 Napoli Italy Gran Sasso Science Institute (INFN) Via F. Crispi 7 I-67100 L’ Aquila Italy Tomsk State Pedagogical University ul. Kievskaya 60 634061 Tomsk Russia

We develop the parameterized post-Keplerian approach for class of analytic f ( R ) -gravity models. Using the double binary pulsar system PSR J0737-3039 data we obtain restrictions on the parameters of this class of f ( R ) -models and show that f ( R ) -gravity is not ruled out by the observations in strong field regime. The additional and more strong corresponding restriction is extracted from solar system data.

关键词： Binary pulsars f ( R ) -gravity post-Keplerian formalism

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