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Microminipig: A suitable animal model to estimate oral absorption of sustained -release formulation in humans

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Of PHARMACEUTICS 2020年 584卷 119457页

作者： Hamada, Teruki Watanabe, Yukiko Iida, Koichi Sano, Noriyasu Amano, Nobuyuki Takeda Pharmaceut Co Ltd Drug Metab & Pharmacokinet Res Labs Res 26-1Muraoka Higashi 2 Chome Fujisawa Kanagawa 2518555 Japan Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners Inc Integrated & Translat Sci 26-1Muraoka Higashi 2 Chome Fujisawa Kanagawa 2510012 Japan

We investigated the gastrointestinal absorption characteristics of oral sustained-release formulations in microminipigs, dogs, and monkeys in order to clarify the similarities in absorption properties between these animals and humans. Time profiles of oral absorption of nifedipine and valproic acid were calculated from the plasma concentration–time profiles of the drugs by a deconvolution method. The curves for both drugs in microminipigs were close to or slightly higher than those in humans, whereas those in monkeys were lower. furthermore, the plasma concentration–time profiles of the drugs were subjected to non-compartmental analysis. The fractions of a dose absorbed into the portal vein (fafg) in microminipigs ranged from 50 to 100% of the human values, whereas those in monkeys were less than half the human values. In addition, the other absorption-related parameters for the sustained-release formulation in microminipigs, as well as monkeys, were comparable to those in humans. In conclusion, the oral absorption properties of microminipigs and humans were similar regarding the sustained-release formulations. Therefore, microminipig is a suitable animal model to estimate the oral absorption of sustained-release formulations in humans.

关键词： Microminipig Gastrointestinal absorption Sustained-release formulation Deconvolution analysis Non-compartmental analysis Ae cumulative urinary excreted amount AUC area under the plasma concentration–time curve AUMC area under the first moment of plasma concentration–time curve BW body weight BCS Biopharmaceutics classification system CL clearance Cmax maximum plasma concentration CV coefficient of variation D dose f absolute bioavailability fafg fraction absorbed into the portal vein fh hepatic availability LC/MS/MS liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry LLOQ lower limit of quantification MAT mean absorption time MDIT mean disintegration time of a formulation to suspension or solution MRT mean residence time Qh,b hepatic blood flow rate Rb blood-to-plasma concentration ratio RBA relative bioavailability Tmax time to reach Cmax Vd(ss) steady-state distribution volume

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Diagonability of matrices over commutative semirings

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LINEAR & MULTILINEAR ALGEBRA 2020年第9期68卷 1743-1752页

作者： Tan, Yi-Jia Fuzhou Univ Dept Math Fuzhou 350116 Peoples R China

A square matrix is said to be diagonalizable if it is similar to a diagonal matrix. In this paper, we discuss diagonability of matrices over commutative semirings and give an equivalent condition for an idempotent matrix over a commutative semiring to be diagonalizable. Also, we obtain an equivalent description for a matrix over a multiplicatively cancellative and commutative semiring to be diagonalizable.

关键词： J f Queiro Matrix idempotent matrix diagonalization commutative semiring

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Effect of N and f content on structural, optical and photocatalytic methylene blue degradation properties of TiO2

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JOURNAL Of CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2016年第12期40卷 729-734页

作者： Elena, fakhrutdinova Anastasiia, Shabalina Valery, Svetlichnyi Alexei, Salanov Tomsk State Univ Siberian Phys Tech Inst 1 Novosobornaya Sq Tomsk 634050 Russia Boreskov Inst Catalysis SB RAS 5 Lavrenteva St Novosibirsk 630090 Russia

Photocatalytic systems based on fluorine- and nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide were obtained via the sol-gel method. Titanium tetraisopropoxide and ammonium fluoride were used as precursors. Transmission electron microscopy and measurement of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and porosity were used to establish that the concentration of ammonium fluoride has an impact on the structural parameters of titanium dioxide produced in the sol-gel process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the dopants (f and N) are not incorporated into the crystal lattice of titanium dioxide, but affect the optical properties of titanium dioxide due to the emergence of additional bands in the absorption spectra in the range of 380-450 nm. Sorption and photoactivity were found using methylene blue photodecomposition under visible light. It was found that dopant introduction increases both sorption ability and photoactivity of the materials.

关键词： photocatalysis sensitisation to visible light titania doping f N co-doping

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The threshold effect of environmental regulation on the green transition of the industrial economy in China

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ECONOMIC RESEARCH-EKONOMSKA ISTRAZIVANJA 2019年第1期32卷 3128-3143页

作者： Li, Huijun Li, Bo Victoria Coll Div Arts Humanities & Social Sci Victoria TX USA Hubei Univ Econ Sch Econ & Trade Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China

The goal of environmental regulation is to simultaneously achieve a win-win situation of economic growth and environmental quality. Based on the Porter hypothesis and panel data from 2001 to 2011, this study conducts empirical research on the intensity of environmental regulation and industrial green transformation in China. The results indicate that environmental regulation can effectively promote industrial green transformation by improving green total factor productivity (G.T.f.P.). But there is no simple linear relationship between the two. And there is a threshold effect, that is, the degree of influence of environmental regulation on industrial green transformation can change with the change of threshold value. Therefore, government policy should not focus only on the environmental regulation intensity, which cannot efficiently improve the G.T.f.P., or accelerate the green transition process. Instead, government should adopt different environmental policies in different industrial sectors.

关键词： industrial economy green total factor productivity (G T f P ) green transition environmental regulation threshold effect

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Social and scientific disorder as epistemic phenomena, or the consequences of government dietary guidelines

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JOURNAL Of INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS 2019年第3期15卷 431-447页

作者： Scheall, Scott Butos, William N. McQuade, Thomas Arizona State Univ Coll Integrat Sci & Arts Polytech Campus Mesa AZ 85212 USA Trinity Coll Dept Econ Hartford CT 06106 USA

We begin with a process-oriented model of science according to which signals concerning scientific reputation serve both to coordinate the plans of individuals in the scientific domain and to ensure that the knowledge that emerges from interactions between scientists and the environment is reliable. Under normal circumstances, scientific order emerges from the publication-citation-reputation (PCR) process of science. We adopt and extend f. A. Hayek's epistemology according to which knowledge affords successful plan-based action and we employ this in the development of an epistemic theory of social order. We propose that external interferences with the PCR process have distorting effects on scientific knowledge and, thus, on scientific and social order more broadly. We support this claim by describing the history of the US federal government's development of standardized dietary guidelines for American consumers and its concomitant interference in the PCR process of nutritional science. We conclude that this interference contributed to social disorder in dietary science and beyond.

关键词： social order scientific order f A Hayek pretence of knowledge discovery procedure epistemic theory dietary guidelines fat hypothesis carbohydrate hypothesis Gary Taubes

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Hospitality brand management by a score-based q-rung orthopair fuzzy VIKOR method integrated with the best worst method

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ECONOMIC RESEARCH-EKONOMSKA ISTRAZIVANJA 2019年第1期32卷 3266-3295页

作者： Mi, Xiaomei Li, Jiamei Liao, Huchang Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras Al-Barakati, Abdullah Barnawi, Ahmed Taylan, Osman Herrera-Viedma, Enrique Sichuan Univ Business Sch Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China King Abdulaziz Univ Fac Comp & Informat Technol Jeddah Saudi Arabia Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ Inst Sustainable Construct Vilnius Lithuania King Abdulaziz Univ Fac Engn Ind Engn Dept Jeddah Saudi Arabia Univ Granada Dept Comp Sci & Artificial Intelligence Granada Spain

Hospitality brand management is a primary concern in the hotel industry and the evaluation of brands can be considered as a decision-making problem with multiple criteria. The evaluation information of brands may be uncertain sometimes. The q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-R.O.f.S.), which represents the preference degree of a person from the positive and negative aspects, has turned out to be an efficient tool in depicting uncertainty and vagueness in the decision-making process. This article dedicates to presenting an integrated multiple criteria decision-making method with q-R.O.f.S.. firstly, a score function of the q-R.O.f.S. is proposed to solve the deficiencies of two existing score functions. Then, a weight-determining method based on the additive consistency of the preference relation is developed. A decision-making method integrating the score function, the best worst method and the VIsekriterijumska optimizacija I KOmpromisno Resenje (V.I.K.O.R.) which means multiple criteria compromise optimisation in English) method is further proposed. finally, a case study regarding the hospitality brand management is provided to show the applicability and validity of the proposed method.

关键词： hospitality brand management multiple criteria decision-making (M C D M ) q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-R O f S ) score function Best West Method (B W M ) VIsekriterijumska optimizacija I KOmpromisno Resenje (V I K O R )

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Informed trading around earnings announcements-Spot, futures, or options?

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JOURNAL Of fUTURES MARKETS 2019年第5期39卷 579-589页

作者： Jain, Sonali Agarwalla, Sobhesh Kumar Varma, Jayanth R. Pandey, Ajay Indian Inst Management Ahmedabad Finance & Accounting Area Ahmadabad 380015 Gujarat India

Recent literature reports higher single stock options (SSO) volume before earnings announcements (EA). There are no studies that explore single stock futures (SSf) in this context because of illiquid SSf markets in developed countries. Similar to SSO, SSf provide embedded leverage and facilitate short selling although at a lower cost, but do not provide downside-risk protection. India's liquid SSO and SSf provide a unique setting to study the preference of informed traders. We observe an increase in both SSO and SSf volume before EA. further, SSf dominate SSO possibly due to SSO becoming expensive before EA and higher information leakage in India.

关键词： earnings announcements f S informed trading O S

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An exploration of university student perceptions of discipline Introducing fIRST discipline principles

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HIGHER EDUCATION SKILLS AND WORK-BASED LEARNING 2019年第1期10卷 61-82页

作者： Krskova, Hana Breyer, Yvonne Baumann, Chris Wood, Leigh Norma Macquarie Univ Dept Mkt Sydney NSW Australia Macquarie Univ Dept Management Sydney NSW Australia Seoul Natl Univ Seoul South Korea Macquarie Univ Macquarie Business Sch Sydney NSW Australia

Purpose The role of discipline in achieving higher academic and workplace performance is receiving increasing attention;however, research into student discipline has historically centred on schools. The purpose of this paper is to explore how university students from multiple faculties and at different stages of academic progression understand discipline in higher education, with the aim to investigate how graduates could become more disciplined and more work ready. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a qualitative exploratory approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with university students and analysed using thematic analysis. findings The students viewed discipline as internally driven as opposed to being enforced externally, which is often the case in schools. five main themes were identified as discipline dimensions: "focus", "intention", "responsibility", "structure" and "time" (f.I.R.S.T.). Originality/value A new concept of discipline is presented, underpinned by a conceptual framework comprised of self-determination, goal-setting, self-efficacy, self-regulation and time management principles. A "Threshold Concept of Discipline", a hierarchical four-layered concept that develops over time for every individual with the ultimate level being "Creative Discipline", is proposed. These findings illuminate learning strategies that higher education institutions can use to further enhance learning and increase the work readiness of their graduates. Such strategies can empower students who aspire to perform at a higher level and to become true professionals.

关键词： Higher education Qualitative research Academic performance Work readiness Discipline definition f I R S T discipline

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MRI-Based Patient-Specific Left Ventricular Model to Determine the Effects of Trabeculae Carneae on the Diastolic and Systolic functions

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医用生物力学 2019年第A1期34卷 19-20页

作者： fatemeh fatemifar Marc feldman Geoffrey Clarke Ender finol Haichao Han Department of Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA Department of Medicine 3.Research Imaging InstituteUniversity of Texas HealthScience Center at San AntonioTX78229USA

Introduction Trabeculae carneae are irregular structures that cover the endocardial surfaces of both ventricles of human heart and account for a significant portion of the ventricular ***,the role of trabeculae carneae in left ventricular(LV)function is not well *** reports suggested that trabeculae help squeeze blood from the apical region during systole[1].Our recent study suggests that trabeculae carneae hypertrophy and fibrosis contribute to increased LV stiffness in patients with diastolic heart failure,and severing free-running trabeculae carneae may improve diastolic compliance of the LV[2].Objective To understand the role of trabeculae carneae in the left ventricular diastolic and systolic functions using anatomically detailed patient-specific finite element models of the human ***(1)Image acquisition An explanted human heart was collected from a 63 year old female donor with a history of stroke and congestive heart failure within 24 hours postmortem from South Texas Blood and Tissue Center(San Antonio,TX).The heart was de-identified in accordance with Institutional Review Board(IRB)requirements and informed consent for research was obtained from the donor’s ***-dimensional MRI scanning was conducted on a 3T(128 MHz)MRI system(TIM Trio,Siemens Medical Solutions),comprised of a superconducting magnet with a 60 cm diameter accessible bore,when the heart was submerged in a saline filled plastic container.(2)finite element analysis Three distinct LV models were derived from the MR *** first model was the intact trabeculated model(TM)which contained all trabeculae carneae and papillary *** high-resolution anatomically detailed 3D model of the LV was segmented from 2D MR images in DICOM format using Mimics(Materialise NV,Leuven,Belgium).The second model was the papillary model(PM),in which the papillary muscles remain intact but most of the trabeculae carneae were excluded in the smoothing *** third

关键词： Ef MRI-Based Patient-Specific Trabeculae Carneae the Diastolic and Systolic f Model

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Room temperature plasma hydrogenation – An effective way to suppress defects in ZnO nanorods

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 33卷 2481-2483页

作者： Zdenek Remes Maksym Buryi Neda Neykova Jiri Stuchlik Julia Micova Hua Shu Hsu Institute of Physics CAS in Prague Na Slovance 2 18221 Praha 8 Czech Republic Institute of Chemistry SAS Dubravska cesta 9 84538 Bratislava Slovakia Department of Applied Physics National Pingtung University 4-18 Minsheng Road Pingtung 90044 Taiwan

The densely packed, perpendicularly oriented ZnO nanorods were hydrothermally grown in dark and under UV irradiation on fused silica glass substrates seeded by ZnO nanocrystals. The exciton-related UV photoluminescence observed at room temperature at 380 nm increased significantly after a room temperature hydrogen plasma treatment in a negatively self-biased capacitive coupled radio frequency reactor whereas the defect-related yellow photoluminescence was noticeably reduced together with the f + electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal g  = 1.96. Thus, the f + EPR signals are surface type defects which amount is governed by the surface plasma treatment. The correlation between PL and EPR signals observed in ZnO nanorods exposed to the same treatment relates some optically active defects to paramagnetic centers.

关键词： ZnO nanorods EPR Photoluminescence f + center Exciton emission Plasma hydrogenation

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