In order to solve the moving objects shadow problem in foreground extraction of surveillance video images, a new cast shadow detection algorithm based on the YCbCr color space and topological cutting was proposed. Pre...
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In order to solve the moving objects shadow problem in foreground extraction of surveillance video images, a new cast shadow detection algorithm based on the YCbCr color space and topological cutting was proposed. Preliminary shadow removal was first performed based on the difference of the three components in the YCbCr color space of shadows and foregrounds. Besides, the maximum-flow/minimum-cut algorithm for image segmentation was optimized considering the topological constraints. The optimal segmentation of the foreground image was obtained during the continuous updating of the label. finally, two sets of experiments were performed in video image sequences, including real surveillance videos and a well-known benchmark test set. By comparing with two other existing algorithms, the feasibility and effectiveness of the cast shadow detection algorithm were verified by the smooth border and higher recognition accuracy. In addition, the adaptability to foreground object density and different light intensities was measured in an airport terminal, showing that this algorithm can provide a high quality of moving foreground detection in surveillance video images and can be applied in monitoring of public places.
The possibility to discriminate between different emission sources and between natural and anthropogenic contributions is a key issue for planning efficient air pollution reduction and mitigation strategies. Moreover,...
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The possibility to discriminate between different emission sources and between natural and anthropogenic contributions is a key issue for planning efficient air pollution reduction and mitigation strategies. Moreover, the knowledge of the particulate matter (PM) chemical composition for the different size fractions is recognized as increasingly important, in particular with respect to health effects of exposed population. This study is focused on the characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 main sources located in the Civitavecchia harbor-industrial area (Central Italy), namely a large coal-fired power plant, a natural gas power plant, the harbor area, the vehicular traffic (due to both the local traffic and the highway crossing the area) and small industrial activities. The approach was based on PM10/PM2.5 samples monthly collected for one year and a further relative chemical characterization of organic and inorganic fractions. Wind-select sensors, allowing a selective PM10 and PM2.5 sampling downwind to specific emission sources, were used for the overall sampling. This methodology manages to explain specific emission patterns and to assess the concentration levels of the micro pollutants emitted by local sources and particularly toxic for health. A descriptive statistical analysis of data was performed, also verifying the occurrence of legislative threshold exceedances. Moreover, in order to highlight the contribution of specific sources, the differences in the measured micro pollutants concentrations between wind directions, PM size fractions and sampling sites have been investigated, as well as the seasonal trends of pollutants concentrations. These results allow to highlight that the applied methodology represents a valid support in source apportionment studies.
Chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics is closely related to the algae photosynthesis and is a natural tool to detect viable algae cells. Compared with the common method of combining fluorescein staining in ballast water w...
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Chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics is closely related to the algae photosynthesis and is a natural tool to detect viable algae cells. Compared with the common method of combining fluorescein staining in ballast water with the microscopic examination of viable algae cells number, chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics has the characteristics of rapid measurement, high sensitivity, and no need for pretreatment. However, there arc a large number of dead algae cells and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in marine ballast water, and the fluorescence background is complex. Therefore, obtaining the photosynthetic fluorescence parameters that arc not affected by the fluorescence background and can accurately characterize the viable algae cells number is the key to directly measuring the viable algae cells number in ballast water through chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics. In this paper, with the dead cells and CDOM solution simulating the complex fluorescence background of ballast water and the 3-( 3c, 1(dichloropheny1)-1, 1-dimethylurea (DCMU) stress condition simulating the practical application, the relationship of various photosynthetic fluorescence parameters such as f,, f, [RCII], and f, with the viable algae cells number was investigated at different fluorescence backgrounds. The results show that f,, f, and ERCID arc all affected by the dead cells number and the CDOM concentration to varying degrees, and only f, is not affected by the fluorescence background, with a relative standard deviation being less than 5%. In an experiment of diluting the solution of viable algae cells with different diluents, f, and the viable cells number have a good linear correlation, with the correlation coefficient R2 above 0.98. Under the stress of DCMU, only f, displays an excellent positive correlation with the viable algae cells number, and the correlation coefficient is 0.986. These results demonstrate that f, is not disturbed by the fluorescence background and is the best photosynt
Cedric Robinson's An Anthropology of Marxism was first published in 2001, but a second edition appeared in 2019 with a new preface from celebrity feminist scholar Avery f. Gordon and a new foreword by filmmaker an...
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Cedric Robinson's An Anthropology of Marxism was first published in 2001, but a second edition appeared in 2019 with a new preface from celebrity feminist scholar Avery f. Gordon and a new foreword by filmmaker and academic H. L. T. Quan. This new edition, which understandably pays tribute to the recently deceased author, disputes the idea that Karl Marx's oeuvre marks the advent of socialism. Rather, Robinson concluded that Marxism rather has its roots in socialism and that socialism has galvanized the oppressed-slaves, peasants, women, workers, the unemployed-throughout the ages against manifold oppressors. The book traces Marxism to the socialist drive of Christianity but argues that the socialist component is not culture specific. While reducing Marx's thinking to a discourse on economics indicates that Robinson underestimated Marx's subversive clarity, ultimately, for Robinson, only socialism, not Marxism, can provide a humanist tool for universal freedom.
The ratio offronto-central theta (4-7 Hz) to beta oscillations (13-30 Hz), known as the theta-beta ratio, is negatively correlated with attentional control, reinforcement learning, executive function, and age. Althou...
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The ratio offronto-central theta (4-7 Hz) to beta oscillations (13-30 Hz), known as the theta-beta ratio, is negatively correlated with attentional control, reinforcement learning, executive function, and age. Although theta-beta ratios have been found to decrease with age in adolescents and young adults, theta has been found to increase with age in older adults. Moreover, age-related decrease in individual alpha peak frequency and flattening of the 1/f aperiodic component may artifactually inflate the association between theta-beta ratio and age. These factors lead to an incomplete understanding of how theta-beta ratio varies across the lifespan and the extent to which variation is due to a conflation of aperiodic and periodic activity. We conducted a partially preregistered analysis examining the cross-sectional associations between age and resting canonical fronto-central theta-beta ratio, individual alpha peak frequency, and aperiodic component (n = 268;age 36-84, M = 55.8, SD = 11.0). Age was negatively associated with theta-beta ratios, individual peak alpha frequencies, and the aperiodic exponent. The correlation between theta-beta ratios and age remained after controlling for individual peak alpha frequencies, but was nonsignificant when controlling for the aperiodic exponent. Aperiodic exponent fully mediated the relationship between theta-beta ratio and age, although beta remained significantly associated with age after controlling for theta, individual peak alpha, and aperiodic exponent. Results replicate previous observations and show age-related decreases in theta-beta ratios are not due to age-related decrease in individual peak alpha frequencies but primarily explained by flattening of the aperiodic component with age.
How do social media affect interpersonal relationships? Adopting a Strawsonian framework, I argue that social media make us more likely to adopt the objective attitude towards persons. Technologically mediated communi...
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How do social media affect interpersonal relationships? Adopting a Strawsonian framework, I argue that social media make us more likely to adopt the objective attitude towards persons. Technologically mediated communication tends to inhibit interpersonal emotions and other reactive attitudes. This is due to a relative lack of the social cues that typically enable us to read minds and react to them. Adopting the objective attitude can be harmful for two reasons. first, it tends to undermine the basis of interpersonal relationships. In particular, I argue that friendship is a relationship between persons that requires the participant stance. Second, it is a morally risky attitude that makes us more likely to treat persons in problematic, thing-like ways. Some philosophers have rightly urged that social media are compatible with virtuous, Aristotelian friendship. Notwithstanding, I argue that the harms associated with the objective attitude are more pressing than they might appear if we restrict our focus to relatively virtuous people with the social competence to flourish in morally risky online environments.
Through this paper, we convey a comparative analysis of how Google Inc. and the free Software foundation Europe (fSfE) discursively construct and contest Android, a dominant mobile operating system. Methodologically, ...
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Through this paper, we convey a comparative analysis of how Google Inc. and the free Software foundation Europe (fSfE) discursively construct and contest Android, a dominant mobile operating system. Methodologically, we use political discourse theory to engage in the textual analysis;identify and compare key signifiers and nodal points across the exemplary texts from the two actors, and interpret their meaning vis a vis contextual insights about the political economy of Android's production. Albeit being marketed as 'the first truly open platform' for mobiles, through our analysis we find Google's definition of open source practices strictly conditional. We argue that Google's usage of compatibility rhetorically as well as techno-legally justifies the conglomerate's control over the platform. By contrast, the discursive moment by free software activists, through a campaign 'free Your Android' deconstructs the discourse on open source and attempts to politicize the access to code in the mobile domain. This is done by extending from the well-known developer's four freedoms onto users' privacy, due to personal character of mobile devices. Such articulation offree software in relation to privacy of user data is a new development and arguably has a potential to contribute to widening support to the movement.
The globalisation process of the world economy has led to increase of international capital mobility. In the last two decades, the level offoreign direct investments (f.D.I.) was significantly raised and in 2017 was ...
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The globalisation process of the world economy has led to increase of international capital mobility. In the last two decades, the level offoreign direct investments (f.D.I.) was significantly raised and in 2017 was US$1.8 trillion. The question occupying attention in economic literature is what the main motives and determinants off.D.I. in certain countries are. This article aims to explore what are the linkages between business environment and inward f.D.I. The research was performed on the sample offive European emerging economies, located in Central and Eastern Europe (C.E.E.) - Poland, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania and Serbia. The research compared the main tendencies off.D.I.s in selected economies, institutional framework and reforms during transition process, competitiveness and ease of doing business (E.D.B.). With the quantitative analysis and ordinary least squares (O.L.S.) regression authors tried to identify statistical significant linkages between inward f.D.I. and ease of doing business indicators, where control variables were G.C.I. pillars (relevant for business regulation and institutional framework), macroeconomic performances, market capitalisation and taxation. The results are identified factors of business environment relevant for attraction off.D.I. and provided empirical model for each country respectively.
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