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Pf Strawson's Soft Naturalism: A Radicalisation and Defence

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Of PHILOSOPHICAL STUDIES 2018年第4期26卷 561-581页

作者： Whyman, Tom Univ Warwick Coventry W Midlands England

Analytic philosophy is often associated with a physicalistic naturalism that privileges natural-scientific modes of explanation. Nevertheless there has since the 1980s been a heterodox, somewhat subterranean trend within analytic philosophy that seeks to articulate a more expansive, non-reductive conception of nature. This trend can be traced back to P.f. Strawson's 1985 book Skepticism and Naturalism: Some Varieties. However, Strawson has long been ignored in the literature around soft naturalism' - especially in comparison to John McDowell. One of the reasons for this is that Strawson's account of soft naturalism is not often viewed as particularly plausible - it has come in for heavy criticism from the likes of Sebastian Gardner (2007) and Robert Stern (2003). In this paper, I argue that Strawson's soft naturalism ought to be re-assessed: that his critics can be refuted, and that his naturalism remains a compelling alternative to the likes of McDowell's. I attempt this through a radicalisation' of the modest Strawson's position, demonstrating that his naturalism has implicit in it something like Marx's conception of human species-being'.

关键词： Idealism P f Strawson naturalism Marx McDowell skepticism

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Negotiating Liberal Values Under Colonialism: Lao Sze-kwang, Hong Kong and "free China"

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INTERVENTIONS-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Of POSTCOLONIAL STUDIES 2018年第8期20卷 1171-1187页

作者： Adamec, Brigit Knusel Univ Zurich Zurich Switzerland

This essay introduces texts written in the 1950s and 1960s that left behind conceptual traces of the pressing questions that were raised for various authors from their experiences of exile under colonialism in Hong Kong. The primary focus was a comprehensive investigation into China's recent history and the working out of broader theoretical frameworks inspired by contemporary thinkers (mostly from Europe and the United States). The critical appropriation of liberal values became an important starting point in the theoretical writings of Lao Sze-kwang (??? 1927-2012). Intertwining the historical contexts of migration, exile, and Cold War colonialism with the development of Lao's thought will reveal his explicit concern with establishing open value systems. Exile in the form of a specific colonial liberal environment provided him with a space where he could reappropriate and communicate ideas related to the Confucian tradition, as well as critically comment on the contemporary liberalism of f. A. Hayek (1899-1992).

关键词： Colonialism free China Hayek f A Hong Kong Lao Sze-kwang liberalism

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Bereday and Hilker: origins of the "four steps of comparison' model

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COMPARATIVE EDUCATION 2018年第1期54卷 35-48页

作者： Adick, Christel Ruhr Univ Bochum Inst Erziehungswissensch Bochum Germany

The article draws attention to the forgotten ancestry of the four steps of comparison model (description - interpretation - juxtaposition - comparison). Comparativists largely attribute this to George *** [1964. Comparative Method in Education. NewYork: Holt, Rinehart and Winston], but among German scholars, it is mostly attributed to franz Hilker [1962. Vergleichende Padagogik. Munchen: Max Hueber]. Who, then, is the rightful author of the model? This article attempts to answer this question. The methodological approaches of the two authors will be compared and contextualised in respect to their academic lives, especially through the 1950s and 1960s. Hilker and Bereday both referred to each other's publications on several occasions, which indicates a close communication between them. In contrast to the Anglophone dominance of scientific journals today, their way of practising comparative education was multilingual. Their cooperation with the nascent national academic associations of those times is also examined. finally, the epistemological characteristics of the four steps model, including its limitations, and value for the field of comparative education today, are evaluated.

关键词： George Z f Bereday franz Hilker methods of comparison methodology of comparative education

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Toko Atolia: An Anlo-Ewe Cultural Performance of Retributive Justice

Toko Atolia: An Anlo-Ewe Cultural Performance of Retributive...

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作者： Sallah, Edudzi David Texas A&M University

学位级别：硕士

Most societies throughout history have instituted ways of dealing with criminals, including the penalty of death. How such a penalty is carried out or wherever it ought to be carried out at all is an ongoing discourse. My research provides an understanding of how cultural practices, such as capital punishments, emerge from a people’s worldview by focusing on one particular indigenous African execution practice called Toko Atolia. Toko atolia, now defunct, was practiced by an ethnolinguistic community in pre-mid nineteenth century Ghana – West Africa – known as the Anlo-Ewes. Toko atolia took the form of burying recalcitrant miscreants alive in a ritualized manner. Toko atolia has been judged barbaric by modern externally imposed notions of justice and punishment. I offer an appreciation of the worldview that shaped toko atolia, and argue, contrarily, that this seemingly barbaric practice makes sense within the worldview of the pre-mid nineteenth century Anlo-Ewes. My ethnographic fieldwork and archival research provide a wealth of perspectives from which I have developed an analysis of the relationship people today have with toko atolia. My research seeks to advance intercultural understanding by showing how externally imposed judgments overlook deeper meanings in cultural practices. (for example, how does America deal with external perceptions of its justice system, especially with regard to the now practice of lethal injection behind closed doors?)

关键词： Capital punishment Cultural Performance Justice Liminality Oral literature Ritual Worldview German-Bremen Missionaries Africa Ghana Anlo-Ewe Toko Atolia Rev Dr f K fiawoo

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n-Butanol and Oleic Acid Methyl Ester, Combustion and NVH Characteristics In Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition

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ENERGY 2020年 207卷 118183-118183页

作者： Soloiu, Valentin Knowles, Aliyah R. Carapia, Cesar E. Moncada, Jose D. Wiley, Justin T. Kilpatrick, Margaret Williams, Johnnie Rahman, Mosfequr Ilie, Marcel Georgia Southern Univ Dept Mech Engn Statesboro GA 30458 USA

Combustion, noise and vibrations produced by n-Butanol and Oleic Acid Methyl Ester (MO) in Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) were investigated. The Cetane Number was determined using a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber (CVCC) for MO100, ULSD, and n-Butanol and found to be 73.8, 47.2, and 16 respectively. In the case of the MO20Bu80 (Methyl Oleate 20% with 80% n-butanol), the maximum Apparent Heat Release Rate was higher compared to ULSD Classical Diesel Combustion (CDC), due to accumulation of fuel in the combustion chamber because of the longer ignition delay and cylinder and charge cooling effect of n-butanol. RCCI with Methyl-Oleate had a vibrations level of as much 4.5 (m/s2) higher than ULSD in CDC up to 2k Hz. The sound level found by the Acoustic Array sound level for MO20Bu80 in combustion was 4 (dB) louder than ULSD in CDC. RCCI was found to have its own acoustic spectrum compared to CDC, and this is because of the wider range and higher sound levels produced by RCCI. The study suggests that MO can be used as a surrogate fuel for full body biodiesel in RCCI combustion. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： N Piston normal force f t Resultant force from masses in translation plus pressure force β Oscillation angle of connecting rod in relation to cylinder axis K Longitudinal force in Connecting Rod f p Pressure force on the piston f itr Total inertia force of parts in translation motion T Tangential force at the crank pin Z Radial force in the crank pin α Angle of rotation of the crankshaft β Oscillation angle of the connecting rod measured from cylinder axis ω Angular velocity (radians) MO100 Neat Methyl Oleate MO20Bu80 MO 20% by mass Butanol 80% ULSD Neat ULSDE in combustion RCCI Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition NVH Noise Vibration Harshness CPB Constant Percentage Bandwidth ffT fast fourier Transform dB (A) Decibel with A weighting P pressure COV Coefficient Of Variability SMD Sauter Mean Diameter ID Ignition Delay CD Combustion Delay TDC Top Dead Center IVC Intake Valve Close EVC Exhaust Valve Close IVO Intake Valve Open EVO Exhaust Valve Open PfI Port fuel Injection CVCC Constant Volume Combustion Chamber CDC Classical Diesel Combustion OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

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The influence of f and Cl on Mn/TiO₂ catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH₃: A comparative study

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CATALYSIS COMMUNICATIONS 2015年 71卷 84-87页

作者： Wang, Peng Wang, Qing-shan Ma, Xin-xia Guo, Rui-tang Pan, Wei-guo Shandong Univ Natl Engn Lab Coal Fired Pollutants Emiss Reduct Jinan 250100 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Elect Power Sch Energy Source & Mech Engn Shanghai Peoples R China Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Power Generat Environm Prot Shanghai Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai Peoples R China

The effect of f and Cl on Mn/TiO2 catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 was investigated in this study. It was found that the doping of f or Cl has a deactivation effect on Mn/TiO2 catalyst. And the poisoning effect of Cl is more serious than that of f. The characterization results showed that the decrease of BET surface area, the increase of crystallinity, the reduced reducibility and surface acidity, and the decreased concentrations of surface Mn4+ and chemisorbed oxygen should be responsible for the deactivation of Mn/TiO2 catalyst by the doping of f or Cl. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mn/TiO2 catalyst Deactivation f Cl Mechanism

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Sparse LMS/f algorithms with application to adaptive system identification

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WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS & MOBILE COMPUTING 2015年第12期15卷 1649-1658页

作者： Gui, Guan Mehbodniya, Abolfazl Adachi, fumiyuki Tohoku Univ Grad Sch Engn Dept Commun Engn Aoba Ku Sendai Miyagi 9808579 Japan

Standard least mean square/fourth (LMS/f) is a classical adaptive algorithm that combined the advantages of both least mean square (LMS) and least mean fourth (LMf). The advantage of LMS is fast convergence speed while its shortcoming is suboptimal solution in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environment. On the contrary, the advantage of LMf algorithm is robust in low SNR while its drawback is slow convergence speed in high SNR case. Many finite impulse response systems are modeled as sparse rather than traditionally dense. To take advantage of system sparsity, different sparse LMS algorithms with l(p)-LMS and l(0)-LMS have been proposed to improve adaptive identification performance. However, sparse LMS algorithms have the same drawback as standard LMS. Different from LMS filter, standard LMS/f filter can achieve better performance. Hence, the aim of this paper is to introduce sparse penalties to the LMS/f algorithm so that it can further improve identification performance. We propose two sparse LMS/f algorithms using two sparse constraints to improve adaptive identification performance. Two experiments are performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms by computer simulation. In the first experiment, the number of nonzero coefficients is changing, and the proposed algorithms can achieve better mean square deviation performance than sparse LMS algorithms. In the second experiment, the number of nonzero coefficient is fixed, and mean square deviation performance of sparse LMS/f algorithms is still better than that of sparse LMS algorithms. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： least mean square least mean fourth least mean square fourth (LMS f) l(p)-norm LMS f l(0)-norm LMS f sparse penalty adaptive system identification

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The British Naval Boarding Axe

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ARMS & ARMOUR 2019年第2期16卷 149-164页

作者： Lee, David Independent Researcher Glasgow UK

This article presents the current state of knowledge of British boarding axes. It examines the two models of boarding axe used by the Royal Navy as well as British made axes privately purchased for use in merchant ships. It gives an overview of their use, identifies the main types and records the known manufacturers. It also uncovers an axe that may have been used by the Royal Navy in between the two types already recognized.

关键词： boarding axe naval axe tomahawk Sargant Sargent Reddell Edwards Badger Whyll Shaw Gilpin Richard Thomas Brookes Brothers Yates & Co f Barnes & Co

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Lokalisationsdiagnostik von Nebenschilddrüsenadenomen mittels PET/CT

Der Nuklearmediziner

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Der Nuklearmediziner 2020年第3期43卷 244-248页

作者： Andreas Odparlik Andreas Hendrik Hering Department für Strahlenmedizin Abteilung Nuklearmedizin Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale)

Parathyroid adenomas are the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. Proper pretreatment localisation is essential to plan the surgical approach with a minimum of risk (e. g. hypoparathyroidism or recurrent ... 详细信息

关键词： Primärer Hyperparathyreoidismus Nebenschilddrüsenadenom Tc MIBI Szintigrafie f Cholin C Cholin C Methionin PET/CT Primary hyperparathyroidism parathyroid adenoma 99m Tc MIBI scintigraphy f 18 choline C 11 choline C11 methionine PET CT

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The invisible woman: Susan Carnegie and Montrose Lunatic Asylum

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HISTORY Of PSYCHIATRY 2019年第4期30卷 409-423页

作者： Walbaum, Sharlene D. Quinnipiac Univ Hamden CT 06518 USA

In 1779, Susan Carnegie (1743-1821) persuaded the Town Council of Montrose, Scotland, to build a safe haven for those suffering from both poverty and mental illness. As a result, Montrose Lunatic Asylum became not only the first public asylum in Scotland, but among the first in the English-speaking world. Carnegie - born 175 years before women could vote - championed a humane and science-based response to mental illness. Montrose Asylum practised moral treatment a decade before Tuke and Pinel. As a champion of the new mental science, her enduring influence resulted in the hiring of the young W.A.f. Browne. Her story enriches the current wave of scholarship on Scottish psychiatry in particular, and on women in psychiatry in general.

关键词： Asylum Carnegie Montrose Lunatic Asylum moral treatment Scotland W A f Browne women in psychiatry

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