The ability to recognize faces varies considerably between individuals, but does performance co-vary for tests of different aspects offace processing? for 397 participants (of whom the majority were university studen...
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The ability to recognize faces varies considerably between individuals, but does performance co-vary for tests of different aspects offace processing? for 397 participants (of whom the majority were university students) we obtained scores on the Mooney face Test, Glasgow face Matching Test (GfMT), Cambridge face Memory Test (CfMT) and Composite face Test. Overall performance was significantly correlated for each pair of tests, and we suggest the term ffor the factor underlying this pattern of positive correlations. However, there were large variations in the amount of variance shared by individual tests: The GfMT and CfMT are strongly related, whereas the GfMT and the Mooney test tap largely independent abilities. We do not replicate a frequently reported relationship between holistic processing (from the Composite test) and face recognition (from the CfMT)-indeed, holistic processing does not correlate with any of our tests. We report associations of performance with digit ratio and autism-spectrum quotient (AQ), and from our genome-wide association study we include a list of suggestive genetic associations with performance on the four face tests, as well as with f. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The chemical characterization of Selaginella tamariscina leaves resulted in the isolation offive lignanoside derivatives (1-4 and 6) and one neolignan (5). These compounds include three new lignanosides, tamariscinos...
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The chemical characterization of Selaginella tamariscina leaves resulted in the isolation offive lignanoside derivatives (1-4 and 6) and one neolignan (5). These compounds include three new lignanosides, tamariscinosides D-f (1-3), and one liriodendrin (4) that were isolated for the first time from this plant, together with two known compounds, (2R,3S)-dihydro-2-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxypheny1)-7-methoxy-5-acetyl-benzofuran (5) and moellenoside B (6). The chemical structures of these isolated compounds were determined using 1D and 2D NMR, MS, and CD spectroscopic data, and the results were compared to data previously reported in the literatures. These compounds were also evaluated in terms of their inhibition of NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated activity in the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Among them, compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 exhibited a significant inhibition with IC50 values ranging from 32.3 to 55.8 mu M. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
In the late 20th century, plant breeders began using molecular biology techniques such as recombinant DNA, also known as genetic engineering, along with traditional cross-breeding. Ten plant and one animal food have b...
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In the late 20th century, plant breeders began using molecular biology techniques such as recombinant DNA, also known as genetic engineering, along with traditional cross-breeding. Ten plant and one animal food have been approved for commercialization in the United States. Today, foods and ingredients from genetically engineered (GE) crops are present throughout the food supply, which has led to varying levels of acceptance. Muchdiscussion exists among consumers and health professionals about the believability of statements made regarding benefits or risks of GE foods. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the evidence on the association of consumption of GE foods and ingredients derived from them on human health, specifically allergenicity, food safety, pesticide consumption, nutrient adequacy, inflammation, and antibiotic resistance. An expert panel conducted a systematic review on advanced technology in food production. The 30 developed questions focused on effects of human consumption of GE foods and the effects of human consumption offoods containing pesticide residues on human health. Primary research published from 1994 to 2014 were identified using PubMed and Agricultural Online Access databases. Additional studies were identified by searching references of review articles. Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. Relevant research addressed five of 30 questions. four questions focused on food allergenicity, the fifth on nutrient adequacy, and all received a Grade III (limited/weak) rating. No human studies addressed 25 questions on the consumption offoods produced using genetic engineering technologies on gene translocation, cancer, food safety, phenotype expression, inflammation and inflammatory markers, or antibiotic resistance. These questions received a Grade V (grade not assignable). Evidence from human studies did not reveal an association between adverse health effects and consumption offoods produced using genetic engineering tec
目的对粉尘螨的过敏原蛋白之一的der f 28的结构与性质进行生物信息方面的分析,为粉尘螨所导致的变态反应性疾病的诊断和治疗提供线索。方法通过对der f 28进行BLAST得到的相似序列进行构建进化树,同时对der f28的二级结构、亲水性区域...
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目的对粉尘螨的过敏原蛋白之一的der f 28的结构与性质进行生物信息方面的分析,为粉尘螨所导致的变态反应性疾病的诊断和治疗提供线索。方法通过对der f 28进行BLAST得到的相似序列进行构建进化树,同时对der f28的二级结构、亲水性区域、可塑性区域、抗原性区域进行分析。结果粉尘螨与其他微生物物种中的热休克蛋白70（HSP70）在进化上相似性不高。der f 28的主要抗原位点为24~39、93~103、150~163、202~205、244~281、414~434、450~484、551~605。Motif的预测表明der f 28具有热休克蛋白70家族的特征。其预测的三维结构基本能反应der f 28真实的空间构象。结论掌握der f 28结构和功能的的关系,对粉尘螨所引起的变态反应性疾病的诊断和治疗有临床意义。
Conjugative plasmids encode the genes responsible for the synthesis of conjugative pili and plasmid transfer. Expression of the conjugative machinery (including conjugative pili) may be costly to bacteria, not only du...
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Conjugative plasmids encode the genes responsible for the synthesis of conjugative pili and plasmid transfer. Expression of the conjugative machinery (including conjugative pili) may be costly to bacteria, not only due to the energetic/metabolic cost associated with their expression but also because they serve as receptors for certain viruses. Consequently, the presence of two plasmids in the same cell may be disadvantageous to each plasmid, because they may impose a higher fitness cost on the host. Therefore, plasmids may encode mechanisms to cope with co-resident plasmids. Moreover, it is possible that the transfer rate of a plasmid is affected by the presence of a distinct plasmid in the recipient cell. In this work, we measured transfer rates of twelve natural plasmids belonging to seven incompatibility groups in three situations, namely when: (i) donor cells contain a plasmid and recipient cells are plasmid-free;(ii) donor cells contain two unrelated plasmids and recipient cells are plasmidfree;and (iii) half of the cells contain a given plasmid and the other half contain another, unrelated, plasmid. In the third situation, recipient cells of a plasmid are the donor cells of the other plasmid. We show that there are more negative interactions (reduction of a plasmid's conjugative efficiency) between plasmids if they reside in the same cell than if they reside in different cells. However, if plasmids interacted intercellularly, the transfer rate of one of the plasmids was often higher (when the unrelated conjugative plasmid was present in the recipient cell) than if the recipient cell was plasmid-free a positive effect. Experimental data retrieved from the study of mutant plasmids not expressing conjugative pili on the cell surface suggest that positive effects result from a higher efficiency of mating pair formation. Overall, our results suggest that negative interactions are significantly more frequent when plasmids occupy the same cell. Such interactions may
目的:制备有生物学活性的粉尘螨过敏原蛋白Der f 3。方法:构建带有StrepⅡ标签的原核表达体系Rosetta-p ET44a-Der f 3高效表达目的蛋白,分别用梯度透析法和亲和层析法对其进行复性纯化,通过Western Blot试验验证目的蛋白的有效表达,最...
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目的:制备有生物学活性的粉尘螨过敏原蛋白Der f 3。方法:构建带有StrepⅡ标签的原核表达体系Rosetta-p ET44a-Der f 3高效表达目的蛋白,分别用梯度透析法和亲和层析法对其进行复性纯化,通过Western Blot试验验证目的蛋白的有效表达,最后用丝氨酸蛋白酶特异荧光底物及粉尘螨过敏病人血清分别鉴定目的蛋白的酶学活性及免疫学活性。结果:利用原核表达体系成功表达了目的蛋白Der f 3,Western Blot结果显示有目的条带出现。复性纯化后的过敏原蛋白Der f 3能够成功降解丝氨酸蛋白酶特异性荧光底物,ELISA试验结果显示该蛋白血清特异性Ig E在4级以上粉尘螨过敏病人中阳性率为4%。结论:成功获得有酶学活性及免疫学活性的粉尘螨过敏原蛋白Der f 3,为生产高质量的诊断试剂和疫苗奠定了基础。
It has been predicted that environmental changes will radically alter the selective pressures on phenological traits. Long-lived species, such as trees, will be particularly affected, as they may need to undergo major...
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It has been predicted that environmental changes will radically alter the selective pressures on phenological traits. Long-lived species, such as trees, will be particularly affected, as they may need to undergo major adaptive change over only one or a few generations. The traits describing the annual life cycle of trees are generally highly evolvable, but nothing is known about the strength of their genetic correlations. Tight correlations can impose strong evolutionary constraints, potentially hampering the adaptation of multivariate phenological phenotypes. In this study, we investigated the evolutionary, genetic and environmental components of the timing of leaf unfolding and senescence within an oak metapopulation along an elevation gradient. Population divergence, estimated from insitu and common-garden data, was compared to expectations under neutral evolution, based on microsatellite markers. This approach made it possible (1) to evaluate the influence of genetic correlation on multivariate local adaptation to elevation and (2) to identify traits probably exposed to past selective pressures due to the colder climate at high elevation. The genetic correlation was positive but very weak, indicating that genetic constraints did not shape the local adaptation pattern for leaf phenology. Both spring and fall (leaf unfolding and senescence, respectively) phenology timings were involved in local adaptation, but leaf unfolding was probably the trait most exposed to climate change-induced selection. Our data indicated that genetic variation makes a much smaller contribution to adaptation than the considerable plastic variation displayed by a tree during its lifetime. The evolutionary potential of leaf phenology is, therefore, probably not the most critical aspect for short-term population survival in a changing climate.
目的研究地塞米松对小鼠Th17细胞分化模型中IL-17f、gfi-1表达的影响。方法提取小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞,采用免疫磁珠纯化CD4^+CD62L^+T细胞,将其分为对照组、地塞米松组、Th17组、地塞米松组+Th17组。Th17组加antiCD3ε、anti-CD28、anti-IfN-γ、anti-IL-4抗体及IL-6、TGf-β1、IL-23,地塞米松+Th17组在Th17组培养条件下加10μg/L地塞米松。细胞培养72 h后,采用Real-time PCR检测4组IL-17f、gfi-1 m RNA表达。结果 Th17组IL-17f m RNA表达明显增高(P<0.01)。与Th17组比较,地塞米松+Th17组IL-17f m RNA表达明显降低(P<0.01),而gfi-1 m RNA表达明显增高(P<0.01)。结论地塞米松可下调IL-17f和上调gfi-1表达,gfi-1表达增加可能引起骨质疏松。
Microwave was applied to roasting the zinc oxide fume obtained from fuming furnace for the removal off and Cl. The effects of important parameters, such as roasting temperature, holding time and stirring speed, were ...
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Microwave was applied to roasting the zinc oxide fume obtained from fuming furnace for the removal off and Cl. The effects of important parameters, such as roasting temperature, holding time and stirring speed, were investigated and the process conditions were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The results show that the effects of roasting temperature and holding time on the removal rate off and Cl are the most significant, and the effect of stirring speed is the second. The defluorination rate reaches 92.6% while the dechlorination rate reaches 90.2%, under the process conditions of roasting temperature of 700 °C, holding time of 80 min and stirring speed of 120 r/min. The results indicate that the removal off and Cl from fuming furnace production of zinc oxide fumes using microwave roasting process is feasible and reliable.
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