Deformation of liquid storage tanks and the interaction between fluid and structure result in a variety of possible failure mechanisms during earthquakes. Among all failure modes, base-anchor failure is this paper'...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780996043717
Deformation of liquid storage tanks and the interaction between fluid and structure result in a variety of possible failure mechanisms during earthquakes. Among all failure modes, base-anchor failure is this paper's focus. Three cylindrical steel tanks with different H/D were selected to investigate dynamic loadings on the tank seismic responses. The added-mass method was used in the finite element modeling of the steel tanks and fluid, and numerical analyses were performed. The added-mass method results were compared to conventional method outcomes using two or more lumped-mass and equivalent springs for tank-liquid simulation (Housner method). It was found that the added-mass method results in greater forces on the anchors in comparison to the lumped-mass method.
In this paper we propose to study the natural frequencies in pipe flows with consideration of fluid-structure interaction. More specifically, it is to assess system characteristics such as vibration response, the tran...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783319175270
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319175270;9783319175263
In this paper we propose to study the natural frequencies in pipe flows with consideration of fluid-structure interaction. More specifically, it is to assess system characteristics such as vibration response, the transfer function, the maximum pressure, etc., for a wide range of frequencies and show the influence of fluid-structure interaction in piping systems. The transfer matrix method and the Laplace transformation are used to calculate the natural frequencies of systems with various boundary conditions taking into account the fluid-structure interaction. Results of numerical analysis for some simple piping systems are presented to illustrate the application of the proposed method and to show the effect of fluid-structure interaction on the values of natural frequencies.
In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of energy harvesting from axisymmetric vibrations of annular ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs). We consider an in-house fabricated IPMC that is clamped at its inner r...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781628415346
In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of energy harvesting from axisymmetric vibrations of annular ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs). We consider an in-house fabricated IPMC that is clamped at its inner radius to a moving base and is free at its outer radius. We propose a physics-based model for energy harvesting from underwater vibrations, in which the IPMC is described as a thin annular plate undergoing axisymmetric vibrations with an added mass due to the encompassing fluid. Experiments are performed to elucidate the effect of the shunting resistance and the excitation frequency on energy harvesting.
Initiation of aneurysm is modeled in an idealized three-layered abdominal aorta model. Linear elastic material property is chosen for the vessel. fluid-structure interaction between the blood and the vessel is include...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319111278
Initiation of aneurysm is modeled in an idealized three-layered abdominal aorta model. Linear elastic material property is chosen for the vessel. fluid-structure interaction between the blood and the vessel is included in the study. Physiological boundary conditions are applied at the inlet and outlet of the model. Aneurysm initiation is achieved by decreasing the Young's modulus of elasticity in a circular ring in the media of the model. Wall shear stress on the blood-vessel interface and through the vessel thickness is compared between the aneurysm initiated and healthy abdominal aorta.
Steel tubes are widely used in industries as machine components and are most common in heavily loaded mechanisms subjected to high dynamic torsional and compressive stress. Hence, they should have higher strength than...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780791849583
Steel tubes are widely used in industries as machine components and are most common in heavily loaded mechanisms subjected to high dynamic torsional and compressive stress. Hence, they should have higher strength than that of the conventional mechanisms to resist failure. Quenching, an industrial heat treatment process, can improve the microstructure, hardness, toughness, and corrosion and wear resistance of materials. Steel tubes, if quenched, would have desired properties to serve the purposes. However, besides improving material properties, quenching generates some residual stress and deformation in the material due to rapid temperature drop and phase transformation. Therefore, to estimate the temperature distribution, residual stress, and deformation computationally;a three-dimensional fluidstructureinteraction model is developed for the steel tube with different quenchants. The quenching characteristics by water, brine, and propylene glycol are estimated and compared with each other. The time-varying nodal temperature distributions in the tube are observed and the critical regions are identified having maximum residual stress and deformation. The time varying residual stress and deformation at a particular point and along the axial and radial directions of the tube are studied. The convergence of the model is checked and validation of the model is done.
Left pulmonary artery sling (LPAS) is a kind of severe congenital anomaly, where the stenoses usually occur at trachea and main bronchi for the external compression of the artery sling. Computed tomography (CT) images...
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Left pulmonary artery sling (LPAS) is a kind of severe congenital anomaly, where the stenoses usually occur at trachea and main bronchi for the external compression of the artery sling. Computed tomography (CT) images can provide accurate morphological analysis, but the airflow and its effects on the airway wall are unknown and seldom investigated. In the present study, a uni-directional coupling fluid-structure interaction (UCFSI) method is employed to simulate the deformation and stress of tracheal and main bronchial wall for four LPAS subjects and one health control. Much higher airflow velocity is observed for LPAS subjects due to the stenosis, and the deformation and equivalent stress of airway wall are about 50-900 and 901000 times of the health control, respectively. The direction of tracheal shift may be related to the airway shape, and is opposite to the net reaction force. The influences of inlet flow velocity and wall thickness on the deformation and stress are significant and their relationship is nonlinear. These results suggest that the UCFSI simulation is helpful for the quantitative analysis on the deformation and stress of the airway wall and better understanding of LPAS mechanism.
Co-simulation, which involves codes coupling, is the most popular technique in an industrial context to deal with multi-physics applications. This is mainly due to its modular nature and the use of specialized solvers...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788494392832
Co-simulation, which involves codes coupling, is the most popular technique in an industrial context to deal with multi-physics applications. This is mainly due to its modular nature and the use of specialized solvers which have the ability to integrate the most advanced numerical techniques and physical models in each scientific field. However, in many configurations, the development of coupling algorithms, easy to implement, leading to a stable, accurate and efficient tool is generally not straightforward. For fluidstructureinteraction (FSI) configuration involving hydrodynamics, it is well-known that added-mass effect tends to distabilize classical coupling algorithms, such as the BlockGauss- Seidel algorithm (often denoted by Dirichlet-Neumann decomposition too). Here, some modifications of this algorithm are proposed to reach a weak-intrusive stable coupling method for rigid and elongated beam-like bodies. Efficiency is discussed and some applications are shown to demonstrate the capabilities of such a coupling.
We explore experimentally the motion of deformable objects - bubbles and capsules - through narrow localised constrictions, with widths between 16 and 32% of the diameter of the object. Under constant volume-flux flow...
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We explore experimentally the motion of deformable objects - bubbles and capsules - through narrow localised constrictions, with widths between 16 and 32% of the diameter of the object. Under constant volume-flux flow, both bubbles and capsules extend to a maximum length as their front passes through the constriction. Rapid contraction occurs as their rear accelerates towards the constriction, followed by relaxation upon exiting the constriction. We find that the large deformations imposed by narrowing constrictions and increasing flow rates highlight distinguishing features between bubbles and capsules, which reflect their distinct mechanics. These include tip-streaming of the rear of the bubble, buckling of the capsule upon contraction and wrinkling of the capsule membrane through excessive compressive strains. Finally, we present evidence of distinct modes of rupture for bubbles and capsule as the flow rate is further increased. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Underwater implosion is the rapid and catastrophic collapse of a pressure vessel subjected to external pressure, resulting in a very short but high-pressure pulse in the surrounding water that can potentially damage a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780933957435
Underwater implosion is the rapid and catastrophic collapse of a pressure vessel subjected to external pressure, resulting in a very short but high-pressure pulse in the surrounding water that can potentially damage adjacent structures or personnel. Any system with an internal pressure below external pressure is susceptible to implosion. The pressure pulse from a single implosion has been known to trigger subsequent sympathetic implosions. This work investigates methods of reducing the implosion pulse severity for unstiffened metallic cylindrical pressure vessels. The implosion pulse energy is proportional to the maximum system kinetic energy developed during collapse. It can be reduced by (1) increasing the plastic energy dissipated by the collapsing structure, or (2) increasing the energy required to compress the internal gas. Plastic energy dissipation is increased by triggering higher buckling modes through introduction of geometric imperfections. Numerical simulations show that this technique can reduce implosion pulse energy for a sample cylinder by up to 33%, while reducing the buckling strength of the cylinder by only 0.5%. The energy required for gas compression can be increased by initially pressurizing the interior of the implodable. The benefit from this technique is bounded by other limitations on internal pressure, such as equipment and human survivability. A slight increase in gas compression energy is also realized by substituting a noble gas for air. These techniques can be applied, singly or in combination, to any implodable design to significantly reduce the pulse severity and minimize the risk of sympathetic implosions.
In this work, we utilize particle image velocimetry (PIV) to experimentally investigate the asymmetric water impact of a rigid wedge. Different wedge heel angles are studied to understand the role of a geometric asymm...
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In this work, we utilize particle image velocimetry (PIV) to experimentally investigate the asymmetric water impact of a rigid wedge. Different wedge heel angles are studied to understand the role of a geometric asymmetry on the flow physics and pressure field. Experiments are performed on a rigid wedge with 37 degrees deadrise angle impacting the water in free fall at different heel angles. The pressure field in the fluid is obtained by integrating Poisson equation, in which PIV data are used to compute the forcing term as well as the Dirichlet and Neumman boundary conditions. Results demonstrate that the impact configuration modulates the hydrodynamic loading and the flow physics. Specifically, the velocity field is maximized in the vicinity of the keel for large heel angles rather than in the pile-up region, as for the case of small heel angles. However, as the entry depth increases, the location where the velocity is maximized moves from the keel to the pile-up and, at the same time, flow separation initiates at the keel. The reconstructed pressure field is also influenced by the heel angle, whereby we observe variations in both the magnitude and distribution of the pressure field.
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