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Predictive dynamic wetting, fluid-structure interaction simulations for braze run-out

COMPUTERS & fluidS 2025年 290卷

作者： Horner, Jeffrey S. Kemmenoe, David J. Bourdon, Gustav J. Roberts, Scott A. Arata, Edward R. Ray, Jaideep Grillet, Anne M. Sandia Natl Labs Albuquerque NM 87185 USA Sandia Natl Labs Livermore CA 94550 USA

Brazing and soldering are metallurgical joining techniques that use a wetting molten metal to create a joint between two faying surfaces. The quality of the brazing process depends strongly on the wetting properties of the molten filler metal, namely the surface tension and contact angle, and the resulting joint can be susceptible to various defects, such as run-out and underfill, if the material properties or joining conditions are not suitable. In this work, we implement a finite element simulation to predict the formation of such defects in braze processes. This model incorporates both fluid-structure interaction through an arbitrary Eulerian-Lagrangian technique and free surface wetting through conformal decomposition finite element modeling. Upon validating our numerical simulations against experimental run-out studies on a silver-Kovar system, we then use the model to predict run-out and underfill in systems with variable surface tension, contact angles, and applied pressure. Finally, we consider variable joint/surface geometries and show how different geometrical configurations can help to mitigate run-out. This work aims to understand how brazing defects arise and validate a coupled wetting and fluid-structure interaction simulation that can be used for other industrial problems.

关键词： Finite element modeling fluid-structure interaction Moving interface Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Wetting Brazing

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Machine-learning enhanced predictors for accelerated convergence of partitioned fluid-structure interaction simulations

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COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS 2025年 310卷

作者： Tiba, Azzeddine Dairay, Thibault De Vuyst, Florian Mortazavi, Iraj Ramirez, Juan Pedro Berro CNAM M2N 2 Rue Conte F-75003 Paris France Manufacture Francaise Pneumat Michelin Pl Carmes Dechaux F-63000 Clermont Ferrand France Univ Paris Saclay Ctr Borelli CNRS ENS Paris Saclay 4 Ave Sci F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette France Univ Technol Compiegne Lab Biomech & Bioengn CNRS Rue docteur Schweitzer F-60203 Compiegne France ALTAIR ENGN France 5 Rue Renaissance F-92160 Antony France

Stable partitioned techniques for simulating unsteady fluid-structure interaction (FSI) are known to be computationally expensive when high added-mass is involved. Multiple coupling strategies have been developed to accelerate these simulations, but often use predictors in the form of simple finite-difference extrapolations. In this work, we propose a non-intrusive data-driven predictor that couples reduced-order models of both the solid and fluid subproblems, providing an initial guess for the nonlinear problem of the next time step calculation. Each reduced order model is composed of a nonlinear encoder-regressor-decoder architecture and is equipped with an adaptive update strategy that adds robustness for extrapolation. In doing so, the proposed methodology leverages physics-based insights from high-fidelity solvers, thus establishing a physics-aware machine learning predictor. Using three strongly coupled FSI examples, this study demonstrates the improved convergence obtained with the new predictor and the overall computational speedup realized compared to classical approaches.

关键词： Physically relevant reduced order model fluid-structure interaction Partitioned approach ROM-FOM coupling Data-driven model Fixed-point acceleration

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Improved unsteady fluid-structure interaction analysis using the dynamic mode decomposition on a composite marine propeller

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OCEAN ENGINEERING 2025年 319卷

作者： Kim, Sunghoon Shin, Sangjoon Seoul Natl Univ Dept Aerosp Engn Seoul 08826 South Korea HD Hyundai Heavy Ind Ship Performance Res Dept Ulsan 44032 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Inst Adv Aerosp Technol Seoul 08226 South Korea

Unlike conventional metallic propellers, a composite blade's structural deformation must be considered. Composite marine propellers typically require additional computational time for unsteady analysis to accommodate the structural deflection. This study proposes a fast fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis method that considers the blade deformation of composite marine propellers. The unsteady boundary element method was modified for fluid analysis to include the effects of blade deformation. The structural response was predicted by considering the added mass and time-dependent hydrodynamic damping effects. Because an FSI analysis typically requires numerous iterative computations, a structural analysis was conducted using the mode superposition methodology, with hydrodynamic loads converted into the frequency domain via dynamic mode decomposition. Additionally, a quasi-Newton-based algorithm was employed in the iterative FSI analysis to improve the convergence. We performed FSI analyses on two composite propellers and validated the results by comparing them with existing numerical results. Our results show good agreement with existing numerical results, while significantly reducing the computational time.

关键词： Composite marine propeller Dynamic mode decomposition fluid-structure interaction Boundary element method

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Study on the Impact of Tree Species on the Wind Environment in Tree Arrays Based on fluid-structure interaction: A Case Study of Hangzhou Urban Area

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BUILDINGS 2024年第5期14卷

作者： Zhu, Junhao Luo, Xiaojun Zhai, Yumei Zhang, Guoyi Zhou, Chicheng Chen, Zhonggou Zhejiang Agr & Forestry Univ Dept Landscape & Architecture Hangzhou 311300 Peoples R China China Construct Fifth Engn Div Co Ltd Hangzhou 311300 Peoples R China

In order to improve the level of the urban living environment and improve the comfort level of the microclimate, this paper investigates and simulates numerically the influence on the wind environment of different tree species in various tree array layouts, aiming to enhance wind comfort in tree landscapes and reduce the risk of high wind speeds. Initially, the study analyzes the commonly used tree species in Hangzhou's urban tree arrays (beech, soapberry, and camphor trees), summarizing three types of tree array layouts: retention, through, and enclosure. Subsequently, standard tree models are established to define their crown porosity, trunk elastic modulus, and other physical characteristics. Using fluid-structure interaction methods, the impact of different tree species on the wind environment within various tree array layouts is numerically simulated at a wind speed of 14 m/s. In conclusion, the retention layout is most effective in controlling wind speed. Camphor trees perform excellently in reducing wind speed within both retention and enclosure tree array layouts, with wind reduction efficiencies of 16.06% and 14.09%, respectively. Soapberry trees show optimal wind speed reduction in the through layout, achieving 12.31%.

关键词： wind environment tree canopy characteristics fluid-structure interaction tree species urban tree arrays

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An assessment of CFD-scale fluid-structure interaction simulations through comprehensive experimental data in cross-flow

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COMPUTERS & fluidS 2024年 278卷

作者： Vivaldi, Daniele Inst Radioprotect & Surete Nucleaire IRSN Cadarach BP3 F-13115 Durance France

Experimental tests accessing both fluid and structure behaviors are mandatory for a consistent and comprehensive assessment of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) numerical simulations. In this paper, recently published results of an experimental configuration of two in -line cantilever cylinders subjected to water cross -flow were considered: instantaneous fluid velocities measurements are available on several positions inside the test section, together with the cylinder vibrations. FSI simulations were performed by coupling Ansys Fluent (for the fluid domain) with Ansys Mechanical (for the solid domain). URANS simulations and Scale -Adaptive Simulations (SAS) were employed as CFD simulation approach. The structure displacements were taken into account through an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian approach. The fluid-structure coupling was 2 -way explicit. Simulations were performed for two different water mass flow rates. For the highest one, vortex -induced resonance was observed experimentally. The numerical results show consistent agreement in terms of shedding frequency and velocity spectra behind the cylinders. The calculated vibration response is overall consistent, despite some underestimations, for the cylinders not featuring vortex -induced resonance;nevertheless, the experimentally observed vortex -induced resonance could not be reproduced by the numerical simulations.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction CFD-FEA coupling Vortex shedding Vortex-induced vibrations Cross-flow

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A hybrid strategy for numerical simulations of fluid-structure interaction problems in ocean engineering

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APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH 2025年 155卷

作者： Liao, Xin Koh, Chan Ghee Chow, Yean Khow Natl Univ Singapore Dept Civil & Environm Engn Singapore 117576 Singapore

A hybrid strategy combining the advantages of the meshless Consistent Particle Method (CPM) and the meshbased Finite Element Method (FEM) is proposed in this paper to solve fluid-structure interaction problems. Water is modelled by CPM, whereas deformable structure is solved by FEM. Unlike some traditional particle methods that require a kernel function in computing spatial derivatives, CPM utilizes Taylor series expansion and avoids the use of artificial values of physical parameters (such as artificial viscosity and sound speed). The interaction between water and structure is achieved by a partitioned approach for its flexibility and ease of implementation. To ensure compatibility between CPM and FEM solutions at the fluid-structure interface, an iteration scheme of enforcing pressure Poisson equation (PPE) is proposed. The accuracy and stability of the proposed hybrid strategy are validated through three benchmark examples: water column on an elastic plate, sloshing of sunflower oil interacting with an elastic baffle, and a dam break with an elastic gate. Comparisons between CPM-FEM results with published experimental and numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed hybrid strategy.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Consistent particle method Finite element method Taylor series expansion Pressure Poisson equation Elastic structure

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A fully cell-based immersed smoothed finite element method with the mean value coordinate projection using quadrilateral elements for fluid-structure interaction

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ENGINEERING ANALYSIS WITH BOUNDARY ELEMENTS 2025年 172卷

作者： Huo, Shuhao Wang, Hengzhi Li, Zhipeng Li, Zhiqiang Jiang, Chen Liu, Guirong Taiyuan Univ Technol Coll Aeronaut & Astronaut Taiyuan 030024 Peoples R China Cent South Univ Sch Traff & Transportat Engn Key Lab Traff Safety Track Minist Educ Changsha 410076 Peoples R China Univ Cincinnati Dept Aerosp Engn & Engn Mech Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

In this work, an effective and stable immersed cell-based smoothed finite element method (ICS-FEM) together with mean value coordinate (MVC) projection using quadrilateral elements is presented for 2D fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems. In an immersed-based algorithm, the entire system can be divided into three components: large-deformed nonlinear structure, incompressible viscous fluid, and fictitious fluid for FSI force. A characteristic-based split (CBS) CS-FEM solver is developed to solve the Navier-Stokes (N-S) equation. An explicit total Lagrange (TL) CS-FEM solver is utilized to depict the large deformation of the elastic structure. The problem domains are discretized into a set of quadrilateral elements and four cell-based smoothing domains are constructed for each element. The cell-based smoothing operation instead of the traditional mapping operation of isoparametric elements is executed to all gradient-related terms for both structures and fluids. A method based on the mean value coordinates is used for the interpolation process and the search criterion. Four numerical examples are utilized to illustrate the advance of the proposed method, including computational precision, convergence rate, robustness, etc.

关键词： Cell-based smoothed finite element method Immersed boundary method Characteristic-based split scheme Mean value coordinates method Quadrilateral element fluid-structure interaction

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Assessment of Hydrological Pressure on Concrete Bridge Piers Considering fluid-structure interaction

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JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES 2024年第6期38卷

作者： Patil, Digambar Kadam, Sachin Walchand Coll Engn Dept Appl Mech Sangli 416416 Maharashtra India

During the last 20 years, fluid-related natural catastrophes caused by climate change have produced severe floods in numerous countries, resulting in many casualties, large scale infrastructure damage, and enormous economic losses. These catastrophic hydrodynamic phenomena disrupt whole transportation networks by washing down bridge decks, piers, and roadways, complicating rescue and recovery efforts. As recent flash floods have demonstrated, inland transportation infrastructure is just as vulnerable to fluid hazards as coastal infrastructure. This research investigates the mechanics of fluid flow impact to learn how fluid currents affect bridge piers. The next step is to build a finite volume bridge pier model that considers the consequences of fluid flow and radial motion around the pier. Results from fluid impact analysis, fluid-structure coupling analysis, and theoretical analysis are contrasted with those derived using the equations specified by national and international design standards. According to the results, it is necessary to raise the fluid flow force computed using the codes' formulas to account for the impact of the flood on the bridge pier. The standard codes for the highway bridge design approach frequently produce a larger fluid flow force result, so we can ignore fluid-structure interaction on the bridge pier in water flow velocity, which is minor. It is possible to disregard the fluid-structure interaction on the bridge pier only when finite volume analysis is performed. Understanding the impact of fluid flow on bridge piers is crucial for enhancing the resilience of transportation infrastructure in the face of increasing hydrodynamic threats due to climate change. This research delves into the mechanics of fluid-structure interaction, shedding light on how fluid currents affect bridge stability. By developing a finite volume bridge pier model, the study provides a more accurate assessment of the forces exerted by floods, enabling engineers to d

关键词： Finite volume method fluid-structure interaction Flood Numerical analysis Design approach

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A fluid-structure interaction simulation on the impact of transcatheter micro ventricular assist devices on aortic valves

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COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024年 254卷 108270-108270页

作者： Wang, Yitao He, Feng Hao, Pengfei Zhang, Xiwen Tsinghua Univ Sch Aerosp Engn Dept Engn Mech Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Engn Mech Appl Mech Lab Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Background and Objective: The implantation of ventricular assist devices (VADs) has become an important treatment option for patients with heart failure. Aortic valve insufficiency is a common complication caused by VADs implantation. Currently, there is very little quantitative research on the effects of transcatheter micro VADs or the intervention pumps on the aortic valves. Methods: In this study, the multi-component arbitrary Lagrange-Eulerian method is used to perform fluidstructure interaction simulations of the aortic valve model with and without intervention pumps. The effects of intervention pumps implantation on the opening area of the aortic valves, the stress distribution, and the flow characteristics are quantitatively analyzed. Statistical results are consistent with clinical guidelines and experiments. Results: The implantation of intervention pumps leads to the valve insufficiency and causes weak valve regurgitation. In the short-term treatment, the valve regurgitation is within a controllable range. The distribution and variation of stress on the leaflets are also affected by intervention pumps. The whirling flow in the flow direction affects the closing speed of the aortic valves and optimizes the stress distribution of the valves. In the models with whirling flow, the effects of intervention pumps implantation on valve motion and stress distribution differ from those without whirling flow. However, the valve insufficiency and valve regurgitation caused by intervention pumps still exist in the models with whirling flow. Conventional artificial bioprosthetic valves have limited effectiveness in treating the valve diseases caused by intervention pumps implantation. Conclusions: This study quantitatively investigates the impact of intervention pumps on the aortic valves, and investigates the effect of blood rotation on the valve behavior, which is a gap in previous research. We suggest that in the short-term treatment, the implantation of intervention

关键词： Ventricular assist devices Aortic valves fluid-structure interaction Multi-component arbitrary Lagrange-Eulerian method Leaflet motion Effective orifice area Whirling flow

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On the number of subproblem iterations per coupling step in partitioned fluid-structure interaction simulations

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING 2024年第7期125卷

作者： Spenke, Thomas Delaisse, Nicolas Degroote, Joris Hosters, Norbert Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Ctr Simulat & Data Sci JARA CSD Chair Computat Anal Tech Syst CATS Aachen Germany Univ Ghent Dept Electromech Syst & Met Engn Ghent Belgium Flanders Make UGent Core Lab MIRO Ghent Belgium Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Ctr Simulat & Data Sci JARA CSD Chair Computat Anal Tech Syst CATS Schinkelstr 2 D-52056 Aachen Germany

In literature, the cost of a partitioned fluid-structure interaction scheme is typically assessed by the number of coupling iterations required per time step, while ignoring the internal iterations within the nonlinear subproblems. In this work, we demonstrate that these internal iterations have a significant influence on the computational cost of the coupled simulation. Particular attention is paid to how limiting the number of iterations within each solver call can shorten the overall run time, as it avoids polishing the subproblem solution using unconverged coupling data. Based on systematic parameter studies, we investigate the optimal number of subproblem iterations per coupling step. In addition, this work proposes a new convergence criterion for partitioned algorithms that is based solely on the number of subproblem iterations required to reach the subproblem residual tolerances and therefore does not require any additional convergence tolerance for the coupling loop.

关键词： convergence criterion coupled problems fluid-structure interaction partitioned algorithm solver iterations

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