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Investigation into the impact damage behaviour of advanced ship-bridge impact mitigation devices utilising foam-filled composite sandwich panels

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SHIPS AND OFFSHORE structureS 2025年

作者： Wang, Jia-Xia Jin, Yi-Fan Zhang, Zi-Yang Liu, Kun Chen, Bai-qiao Jiangsu Univ Sci & Technol Sch Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn Zhenjiang 212100 Peoples R China Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding Co Ltd Shanghai Peoples R China Univ Lisbon Ctr Marine Technol & Ocean Engn CENTEC Inst Super Tecn Lisbon Portugal

With transportation's rapid growth, ship-bridge collisions occur frequently, causing substantial losses. Ship-bridge anticollision facilities should not only protect the structural integrity of bridges but also minimise ship damage. This paper designs a novel ship-bridge anti-collision device based on a trapezoidal foam-filled composite sandwich structure. Using the finite element software LS-DYNA, a ship-anti-collision device-bridge collision model was established, taking into account pile-water-soil coupling. The study investigates the selection of box materials, filling materials and wall thickness for the novel anti-collision device. By analysing the damage characteristics of the ship, anti-collision device and pier under typical collision loads, the optimal material properties were determined. The impact resistance of the optimised device was evaluated under different ship speeds and collision angles, demonstrating that the novel anti-collision device exhibits excellent buffering and energy absorption, effectively reducing the peak collision force, extending the collision duration and reducing damage to the ship's bow structure.

关键词： Ship-bridge collision foam-filled composite sandwich structure vessel collision protection device fluid-structure interaction damage characteristics

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Electromagnetic hydraulic blanking flanging integrated process

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY 2025年 337卷

作者： Yan, Ziqin Wen, Wei Wang, Hanpeng Zhou, Chuan Yang, Guang Li, Rui Zhan, Lihua Cui, Xiaohui Xiao, Ang Cent South Univ State Key Lab Precis Mfg Extreme Serv Performance Changsha 410083 Peoples R China Cent South Univ Light Alloy Res Inst Changsha 410083 Peoples R China Hainan Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn State Key Lab Trop Ocean Engn Mat & Mat Evaluat Haikou 570228 Peoples R China Hainan Univ Collaborat Innovat Ctr Ecol Civilizat Sch Mech & Elect Engn Haikou 570228 Peoples R China Hainan Univ Sch Marine Sci & Engn Haikou 570228 Peoples R China

Electromagnetic forming is a high strain rate forming method, which can significantly increase the forming limit of aluminium alloy. However, there are two problems in the process of hole flanging: (1) sheet needs prefabricated holes, which usually obtained by blanking process. (2) Different shapes of parts need different coil structures;Therefore, the forming process is complicated and the cost is high. Hence, this paper introduces an high strain rate forming method called electromagnetic hydraulic blanking flanging (EMHBF) integrated process. This process combines blanking and flanging in one device, can meet the flanging parts of various shapes and sizes under the condition of not replacing the coil, simplifying the process and reducing the production cost. A multi-physical field coupling model, encompassing electromagnetic and fluid-solid interactions, is also developed to explore changes in liquid flow patterns and the stress state of sheet metal. The influence of die structure (by changing the angle parameters of the die structure, the liquid flow direction can be regulated), discharge voltage, sheet thickness, and flanging part shape on EMHBF forming results is investigated. Variations in die structure lead to differing distributions of liquid pressure on the sheet's upper and lower surfaces, altering liquid flow patterns and enhancing the sheet's forming accuracy. An increase in voltage increases the sheet thickness shear stress and blanking velocity, consequently decreasing the blanking burr height. The simulated maximum forming height error was less than 9.0 %, and the maximum thickness error was less than 5.3 %. The EMHBF can meet the needs of different thicknesses and flanging part shapes for a discharge voltage of 8.5 kV. Therefore, this article provides reference rules for designing an EMHBF process. The flanging parts with high forming accuracy can be obtained in the EMHBF device by optimizing the process parameters. The essence of the EMHBF process i

关键词： Electromagnetic hydraulic forming Blanking flanging integrated process fluid-structure interaction Forming precision

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Machine Learning Combined with Numerical Simulations: An Effective Way to Reconstruct the Detonation Point of Contact Underwater Explosions with Seabed Reflection

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JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2025年第3期13卷

作者： Bardiani, Jacopo D'Amore, Giada Kyaw Oo Sbarufatti, Claudio Manes, Andrea Politecn Milan Dept Mech Engn Via G La Masa 1 I-20156 Milan Italy Univ Trieste Dept Engn & Architecture Via A Valerio 6 I-34127 Trieste Italy

In marine engineering, the study of underwater explosion effects on naval and offshore structures has gained significant attention due to its critical impact on structural integrity and safety. In practical applications, a crucial aspect is determining the precise point at which an underwater explosive charge has detonated. This information is vital for assessing damage, implementing defensive and security strategies, and ensuring the structural integrity of marine structures. This paper presents a novel approach that combines coupled numerical simulations performed using the MSC Dytran suite with machine learning techniques to reconstruct the trigger point of underwater explosions based on onboard sensor data and leverage seabed wave reflection information. A Multi-Layer Neural Network (MLNN) was devised to identify the position of the denotation point of the charge using a classification task based on a user-defined two-dimensional grid of potential triggering locations. The MLNN underwent training, validation, and testing phases using simulation data from different underwater blast-loading scenarios for metallic target plates. Different positions of the charge, seabed typologies, and distances between the structure and the seabed are considered. The ability to accurately identify a detonation point using measurable data from onboard systems enhances the knowledge of ship and offshore structures' response strategies and the overall safety of naval operations.

关键词： underwater explosion fluid-structure interaction machine learning multi-layer neural network seabed reflection onboard sensors

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A panel method with resistance correction fora self-propelled bioinspired fish model

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OCEAN ENGINEERING 2025年 318卷

作者： Xu, Mengfan Zhou, Tianyi Yu, Yongliang Yin, Bo Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Mech Fluid Solid Coupling Syst Inst Mech Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Engn Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

In engineering applications, there is a critical need for efficient yet relatively accurate computational methods to model the swimming performance of flexible bodies at medium to high Reynolds numbers. Traditional computational fluid dynamics methods, such as the immersed boundary method, often face limitations at high Reynolds numbers, while dynamic mesh methods are resource-intensive. Inspired by the simplicity and theoretical strengths of the inviscid panel method, this study proposes a modified panel method incorporating an equivalent drag model, enabling it to account for viscous effects. This modified method is validated against a self-propelled fish simulation driven by muscle-mimicking internal actuation and accounting for fully coupled fluid-structure interactions. By adjusting the body's stiffness, we explore different swimming modes, demonstrating the modified method's effectiveness across various Reynolds numbers. Comparative analysis with dynamic mesh results shows that the proposed panel method significantly improves on the classic panel method in calculating swimming performance, force distribution, and pressure characteristics, including the mean and phase of pressure responses. The effectiveness of the correction depends on accurately estimating the frictional drag coefficient, which must account for both body shape and the influence of different swimming modes. The modified model proposed in this study demonstrates good versatility in the low-stiffness case, which manifests as a carangiform swimming mode. However, at higher stiffness, where the fish adopts an anguilliform mode, both the pressure distribution and drag become more complex, requiring further adjustment of the correction coefficient.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Panel method Self-propelled Fish swimming Hydrodynamic performance

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Numerical study of horizontal liquid tank under impact of explosion fragment based on coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method

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JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES 2025年 94卷

作者： Deng, Zilong Bi, Mingshu Yu, Di Hao, Qiangqiang Liu, Xing Luo, Weiye Sun, Shaochen Ren, Jingjie Dalian Univ Technol Sch Chem Engn Dalian 116024 Liaoning Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Frontier Sci Ctr Smart Mat State Key Lab Fine Chem Dalian 116024 Liaoning Peoples R China Shenyang Inst Special Equipment Inspect & Res Shenyang 110179 Liaoning Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China State Key Lab Fire Sci Hefei 230026 Anhui Peoples R China

Explosion fragments are one of the crucial factors leading to catastrophic domino effects. This paper reveals the dynamic response and failure behavior of horizontal liquid tanks caused by explosion fragments. According to material tests, the strain hardening and the strain rate hardening models are modified based on the standard Johnson-Cook (J-C) model, and a damage scalar representing the damage evolution is defined. Subsequently, the fluid-structure interaction model of the horizontal liquid tank under the impact of the explosion fragment is established based on the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method to describe the dynamic behavior of the tank with gasoline. The state of the fluid is captured, and the role of the fluid in influencing the deformation and fracture of the tank wall is quantized. The results show that the modified material model can appropriately describe the failure process of the tank. In addition, the deformation displacement of liquid tanks and impact force of fragments at different impact velocities are discussed, and the effect of liquid filling degree on tank failures is revealed. The proposed numerical method and findings can guide the safety assessment of tanks.

关键词： Explosion fragments Physical damage Dynamic response Finite element method fluid-structure interaction

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Collision modeling approach and transient response mechanism of ring-ribbed cylindric shells for underwater vehicles

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APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING 2025年 141卷

作者： Wang, Chengyan Li, Zhe Xu, Pu Hou, Yueqiao Tan, Dapeng Li, Lin Zhejiang Univ Technol Coll Mech Engn Hangzhou Peoples R China Zhejiang Prov & Minist Educ Collaborat Innovat Ctr High End Laser Mfg Equipmen Hangzhou Peoples R China

Collision is the most common accident during underwater vehicle (UV) operation, and its transient response rule is very important to ensure personnel safety and reduce property loss. However, high pressure, large size, and environmental interference make it a great challenge to trace the large deformation of UV hulls. To solve the aforementioned problems, this paper models submerged ring-ribbed cylindric (RRC) shells to imitate the UV structure. Then, a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) impact modeling and process-solving approach based on the penalty function method for thin shells with filled liquid in the interlayer is proclaimed. A constitutive relation considering the Voce equation is defined to explain the mechanical properties of plastic hardening. Finally, an arbitrary Lagrange-Euler (ALE) method with a partial introduction of absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) is conducted to study the dynamic evolution and large deformation of unconstrained RRC shells. The response features of RRC shells under different impact conditions (ram shape, collision location, and depth of water) are analyzed. The results illustrate that the modeling and solving approach raised in the research for the large deformation of thin shells caused by an underwater collision can reveal the transient response process and the evolutionary mechanism of the dented damage. The relevant achievements can provide a reference for UV structure optimization, and furnish modeling ideas for tracking the transient large deformation of thin underwater shells.

关键词： Submerged collision RRC shell Liquid-filled interlayer fluid-structure interaction Large transient deformation

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A coupled peridynamics-smoothed particle hydrodynamics model for fracture analysis of fluid-structure interactions

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OCEAN ENGINEERING 2023年 279卷

作者： Dai, Zili Xie, Jinwei Jiang, Mingtao Shanghai Univ Dept Civil Engn 99 Shangda Rd Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China

In this paper, a numerical model that couples peridynamics (PD) with smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is presented for fracture modeling in fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems. PD was employed to simulate the solid structure fracture because of its ability to deal with discontinuity problems. SPH was applied to simulate the fluid behavior because of its advantages in modeling free-surface flows. A virtual particle layer was established in the fluid-structure interfacial region to ensure the force and deformation transfer between the fluid and solid phases. Validation was performed qualitatively and quantitatively through simulations of classical benchmark tests. The SPH model of the free-surface flow, the PD model of the solid structure, and the coupled PD-SPH model of the FSI were carefully verified. It was demonstrated that the results matched the experimental observations well, with a maximum error of less than 10%. The hydraulic fracture of a gravity dam and the impact of dambreak flow on a baffle were simulated as applications of the coupled PD-SPH model. The predicted crack path in the gravity dam agreed closely with the experimental observations, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.9983. A preliminary extension of the proposed PD-SPH model to three dimensions is also presented, and its performance was evaluated. The results indicate that the coupled model is accurate in modeling the solid fracture process in FSI problems.

关键词： Peridynamics Smoothed particle hydrodynamics Coupling algorithm fluid-structure interaction Fracture analysis Free-surface flow

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Well-posedness of the 3D Peskin problem

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MATHEMATICAL MODELS & METHODS IN APPLIED SCIENCES 2025年第1期35卷 113-216页

作者： Garcia-Juarez, Eduardo Kuo, Po-Chun Mori, Yoichiro Strain, Robert M. Univ Seville Dept Anal Matemat C Tarfia S-NCampus Reina Mercedes Seville 41012 Spain Univ Penn Dept Math David Rittenhouse Lab 209 South 33rd St Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

This paper introduces the 3D Peskin problem: a two-dimensional elastic membrane immersed in a three-dimensional steady Stokes flow. We obtain the equations that model this free boundary problem and show that they admit a boundary integral reduction, providing an evolution equation for the elastic interface. We consider general nonlinear elastic laws, i.e. the fully nonlinear Peskin problem, and prove that the problem is well-posed in low-regularity H & ouml;lder spaces. Moreover, we prove that the elastic membrane becomes smooth instantly in time.

关键词： Peskin problem 3D fluid-structure interaction immersed boundary problem stokes flow

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Parametric structure optimization of a main rotor blade as an application for FSI analysis in main rotor optimization process

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AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING AND AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY 2025年第1期97卷 37-51页

作者： Kocjan, Jakub Rogolski, Robert Mil Univ Technol Doctoral Sch Warsaw Poland Mil Univ Technol Fac Mechatron Armament & Aerosp Warsaw Poland

PurposeModern warfare and modern battlefield are very demanding. The recent conflicts showed that the usage of the helicopters is very limited and only the best constructions are able to provide support for the operations. The purpose of this research is to show the possibilities of new design tool for main rotor aerostructural optimization. It is a next chapter of the research that is aimed at finding new solutions for rotorcraft ***/methodology/approachThis work presents a method of preliminary structure optimization of the main rotor blade using parametric modeling. It is the next step in the main rotor optimization studies. It is the next step after preparing the parametric model for the external shape CFD analysis. As a basis for parametric blade structure calculations, the analytical model is provided in this paper. The equations of rigid blade loads and, as a consequence of the strength elements, stresses are shown. The parametric blade modeling is conducted using the Graphic Integrated Programming language. The parametric design method is shown to be used for various blade planform models and different section airfoils. The structure of a blade is generated automatically after the user enters the parameters. The code-inbuilt analysis systems provide a quick inertia examination of the generated geometry, which is the basis for further optimization. The program calculates the blade loads and verifies them with the given material conditions and proposed safety factors. In the analysis, composite materials for the strength elements were *** results of this research showed the application of parametrization into the main rotor blade design loop. It was presented that the main rotor blade structure can be enhanced using fluid-structure interaction (FSI) methods. The time saving with the implementation the process into design loop is *** implicationsThis work can be practically used in the main rotor blade design proces

关键词： Helicopter Rotorcraft Optimization Main rotor fluid-structure interaction

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Prediction of clamped-clamped elastic panel motion under influence of shock-wave turbulent boundary layer interactions using WMLES with a 3D aeroelastic solver

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JOURNAL OF fluidS AND structureS 2025年 134卷

作者： Johnson, Chelsea Serafim, Luisa Piccolo Oefelein, Joseph C. Dowell, Earl H. Georgia Inst Technol Atlanta GA 30332 USA Duke Univ Durham NC 27708 USA

A loosely coupled approach for the prediction of fluid-structure interactions is investigated for a high Reynolds number flow with a shock-wave impinging on a thin flexible panel. The fluid domain is solved using a wall-modeled large eddy simulation (LES), and the resulting time-resolved flowfields are provided as input to a theoretical-computational aeroelastic solver. The computational study mimics the flow and structural conditions of an existing experiment such that the panel displacements can be compared. The approach shows an improvement over an existing theoretical-computational model. For example, predictions of the maximum static deformation, which is a key metric, are shown to be within 10% of the experimental result. Predictions of the time-dependent oscillations of the panel show sensitivity to the coherence length provided to the aeroelastic solver, as noted by Freydin et al. The discrepancy in the magnitude of predicted time-dependent panel oscillations and those observed in the experiment is hypothesized to be due to the lack of instantaneous coupling present in the method, or possibly due to variability in the static pressure of the wind tunnel throughout the run.

关键词： Shock-wave boundary layer interaction fluid-structure interaction Flexible panel Wall-modeled large eddy simulation Aeroelastic model Impinging shock

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