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The attitude changes and leakage characteristics of large-scale plunger pairs in high-pressure plunger pumps

FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION 2025年 102卷

作者： Zhao, Shendan Tang, Hesheng Ren, Yan Wu, Defa Liu, Yinshui Wenzhou Univ Sch Mech & Elect Engn Wenzhou 325035 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mech Sci & Engn Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China

As the most critical friction pair in high-pressure plunger pumps, the plunger pair significantly influences both the volumetric and mechanical efficiency of the pump. During actual operation, the relative position and orientation between the plunger and plunger sleeve are in constant flux. Moreover, factors such as the large diameter of the plunger, high working pressure, and low medium viscosity contribute to the complexity of gap flow, complicating the evaluation of the sealing efficiency of the plunger pump. Therefore, this article develops a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation model of the plunger pair and investigates the flow characteristics of the clearance under various eccentric postures, as well as the corresponding variations. A large-scale experimental platform was constructed to test the sealing performance of the plunger pair gap. Using a custom eccentricity testing device, the changes in attitude and leakage characteristics during the movement of the plunger pair were elucidated, thereby validating the accuracy of the simulation model. The findings of this study provide a foundation and technical support for the design and application of gap seals in reciprocating piston pumps.

关键词： Gap seal test bench Eccentricity test Large-scale annular channel Leakage characteristics fluid-structure interaction

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Integrated analytical, experimental, and numerical study of the effect of hydro-static loading on the vibrational response of clamped circular plates

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APPLIED ACOUSTICS 2025年 228卷

作者： Saltmarsh, Kyle Pan, Jie Matthews, David Karrech, Ali Univ Western Australia Sch Mech & Chem Engn 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley 6009 Australia

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation, comprised of analytical, experimental and numerical approaches, into the interaction between a water cavity of varying fluid cavity height and the vibration of a thin circular plate subjected to its hydro-static pressure. We extend the application of the strong modal coupling method to derive a solution for this unexplored physical problem by utilising classic plate theory, Fourier-Bessel series formulation and the uncoupled solution of a thin clamped circular plate with uniform radial tension. Using a set of geometric and physical properties for the system, the resonance frequencies, response functions and nondimensionalised added virtual mass incremental (NAVMI) factors are calculated and investigated as a function of hydro-static pressure and fluid cavity height, providing novel fundamental insights into the physical system. We construct an experimental rig to embody the conditions of the analytical investigation for the purpose of validation and to uncover experimental insights into the physical problem. Finite element analysis (FEA), employing modal analysis and transient dynamic analysis, is used to further validate and extend the analytical insights while more accurately mirroring the experimental conditions. The response functions, resonance frequencies and NAVMI factors and their dependence on the cavity pressure were experimentally measured and numerically simulated, with direct comparisons made with the analytical model. A high degree of accuracy for the analytical model is validated, along with its ability to describe the underlying physical phenomena. The validated analytical model is then leveraged to perform fundamental explorations into the modal compositions of the coupled system modes as a function of cavity height and hydro-pressure, the deformation of the coupled system mode shapes and a parametric sensitivity analysis on the effects of plate radii and plate thickness on the coupled system resona

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Circular clamped plates Hydro-static loading Analytical modelling Experimental validation Finite element analysis

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AI-Powered Multimodal Modeling of Personalized Hemodynamics in Aortic Stenosis

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ADVANCED SCIENCE 2025年第5期12卷 e2404755页

作者： Ozturk, Caglar Pak, Daniel H. Rosalia, Luca Goswami, Debkalpa Robakowski, Mary E. Mckay, Raymond Nguyen, Christopher T. Duncan, James S. Roche, Ellen T. MIT Inst Med Engn & Sci Cambridge MA 02139 USA Univ Southampton Fac Engn & Phys Sci Bioengn Res Grp Southampton SO17 1BJ England Univ Southampton Inst Life Sci Southampton SO17 1BJ England Yale Univ Dept Biomed Engn New Haven CT 06510 USA Yale Univ Dept Radiol & Biomed Imaging New Haven CT 06510 USA Harvard Univ MIT Hlth Sci & Technol Program Cambridge MA 02139 USA Stanford Univ Dept Bioengn Palo Alto CA 94305 USA Cleveland Clin Heart Vasc & Thorac Inst Cardiovasc Innovat Res Ctr Cleveland OH 44195 USA Cleveland Clin Dept Cardiovasc Med Heart Heart Vasc & Thorac Inst Cleveland OH 44195 USA Cleveland State Univ Dept Chem & Biomed Engn Cleveland OH 44115 USA Hartford Hosp Hartford CT 06106 USA Case Western Reserve Univ Dept Biomed Engn Cleveland OH 44106 USA Cleveland Clin Lerner Res Inst Cleveland OH 44116 USA MIT Dept Mech Engn Cambridge MA 02139 USA

Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease in developed countries. High-fidelity preclinical models can improve AS management by enabling therapeutic innovation, early diagnosis, and tailored treatment planning. However, their use is currently limited by complex workflows necessitating lengthy expert-driven manual operations. Here, we propose an AI-powered computational framework for accelerated and democratized patient-specific modeling of AS hemodynamics from computed tomography (CT). First, we demonstrate that the automated meshing algorithms can generate task-ready geometries for both computational and benchtop simulations with higher accuracy and 100 times faster than existing approaches. Then, we show that the approach can be integrated with fluid-structure interaction and soft robotics models to accurately recapitulate a broad spectrum of clinical hemodynamic measurements of diverse AS patients. The efficiency and reliability of these algorithms make them an ideal complementary tool for personalized high-fidelity modeling of AS biomechanics, hemodynamics, and treatment planning.

关键词： aortic stenosis computational fluid dynamics deep learning fluid-structure interaction heart meshing multimodal modeling

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Numerical stability study on vibration responses of casing string systems

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES 2025年 290卷

作者： Qi, Linshan Yin, Yiyong Wang, Liyan Qu, Congfeng Xia, Xiujian Yu, Yongjin Liu, Binhui Yang, Shuofei China Agr Univ Coll Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China CNPC Engn Technol R&D Co Ltd Beijing 102206 Peoples R China

The classical transfer matrix method (CTMM) is widely employed for analyzing structural vibrations. However, when applying the CTMM to solve the vibration responses of long casing string systems, severe numerical instability issues arise. To mitigate this problem, this paper introduces a hybrid energy transfer matrix method (HETMM) tailored for solving the vibration responses of casing string systems with distributed elastic supports. This approach significantly enhances the numerical stability compared to CTMM. Firstly, the dynamic model of the casing string system is established, and the correctness and accuracy of the model are verified by tests and numerical calculations. Subsequently, a systematic analysis is conducted to evaluate the influence of various parameters on the stability of the numerical solution for the system's lateral vibration. The research findings indicate that the system length is the primary factor contributing to the instability of the numerical solution. Thus, based on the idea of reducing the characteristic length of the casing string system, the HETMM is proposed to address the lateral vibration of the casing string system. The stability and efficiency of this method in calculating high-frequency and long casing string systems are verified by comparing with other calculation methods. Finally, the frequency domain response of a casing string system with a length of 1450 m is calculated and analyzed. It is found that the number of unit divisions should not be too many or too few, otherwise, it will result in unstable numerical solutions. The appropriate number of units should be determined based on the frequency range of interest. The improved HETMM proposed in this paper is sufficient for solving the lateral vibration response of cementing casing sections ranging from several hundred to several thousand meters. This research provides theoretical guidance for obtaining the response of the long casing string system and optimizing the vibrat

关键词： Transfer matrix method Numerical stability fluid-structure interaction Casing string system Hybrid energy transfer matrix method Vibration response

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A data-driven approach for modeling large-amplitude flow-induced oscillations of elastically mounted pitching wings

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JOURNAL OF fluidS AND structureS 2025年 134卷

作者： Zhu, Yuanhang Breuer, Kenneth Brown Univ Ctr Fluid Mech Sch Engn Providence RI 02912 USA Univ Calif Riverside Dept Mech Engn Riverside CA 92521 USA

We propose and validate a data-driven approach for modeling large-amplitude flow-induced oscillations of elastically mounted pitching wings. We first train a neural networks regression model for the nonlinear aerodynamic moment using data obtained from experimental measurements during prescribed pitching oscillations and at fixed angles of attack. We then embed this model into an ordinary differential equation solver to solve the governing equation of the passive aeroelastic system with desired structural parameters. The system dynamics predicted by the proposed data-driven approach are characterized and compared with those obtained from physical experiments. The predicted and experimental pitching amplitude, frequency and aerodynamic moment responses are found to be in excellent agreement. Both the inertia-dominated mode and the hydrodynamic-dominated mode are successfully predicted. The transient growth and saturation of the pitching oscillation amplitude and the aerodynamic moment are also faithfully captured by the proposed approach. Additional test cases demonstrate the broad applicability and good scalability potential of this approach.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Aeroelasticity Unsteady aerodynamics Neural networks Machine learning

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Design of fish-scale microstructured stents and their biomechanical effects on cerebral aneurysm

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COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2025年 1-21页

作者： Fan, Xuanze Xue, Yanru Liu, Boya Zhang, Aohua Song, Lijuan Ma, Cungen Zheng, Qingli Zhao, Yongwang Zhang, Meng Wu, Xiaogang Ma, Dong Wang, Yonghong Taiyuan Univ Technol Coll Biomed Engn Taiyuan Peoples R China Shanxi Univ Chinese Med Res Ctr Neurobiol Key Res Lab Benefiting Qi Acting Blood Circulat Me Taiyuan Peoples R China Shanxi Prov Key Lab Repair Bone & Soft Tissue Inju Taiyuan Peoples R China Shanxi Prov Peoples Hosp Taiyuan Peoples R China Sinopharm Tongmei Gen Hosp Shanxi Hlth Commiss Key Lab Nervous Syst Dis Preve Datong Peoples R China Sinopharm Tongmei Gen Hosp Datong Key Lab Nervous Syst Dis Prevent & Treatmen Datong Peoples R China Shanxi Med Univ Shanxi Bethune Hosp Tongji Shanxi Hosp Hosp 3 Taiyuan Peoples R China

The addition of microstructures to the inner surface of the stent reduces resistance and inhibits the phenomenon of blood adhesion. In this study, the design of a fish-scale microstructured vascular stent was proposed based on bionics, and its main design parameters were optimized using the finite element method. In addition, the hemodynamic effects of a standard stent and a fish-scale microstructured stent on an ideal cerebral aneurysm were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the fish-scale microstructured stent significantly accelerated intraluminal blood flow velocity by 11.6% compared to the standard stent. In addition, the fish-scale microstructured stent was able to reduce blood flow into the aneurysm lumen by 28.6%.

关键词： Vascular stent design microstructure cerebral aneurysm fluid-structure interaction Finite element analysis

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Stability analysis on the positioning of steel caisson foundations during submerging stage under complex marine conditions

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OCEAN ENGINEERING 2025年 321卷

作者： Chen, Minglin Xiao, Yong Jin, Yueming Sun, Yonggan Huang, Bo Chongqing Jiaotong Univ Sch Civil Engn Chongqing 400074 Peoples R China Chongqing Jiaotong Univ State Key Lab Mt Bridge & Tunnel Engn Chongqing 400074 Peoples R China

The positioning and submerging stages in construction process of the large prefabricated steel caisson foundations for sea-crossing bridges will be seriously threatened by complex marine conditions, including extreme waves and currents. An in-depth analysis on the dynamic performance of steel caisson foundations during the positioning and submerging stages under extreme waves and currents is of great importance for the accuracy of positioning, stability of submerging, and construction safety of steel caisson foundations. A three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model for a steel caisson foundation has been developed in this study by using LS-DYNA finite element program. The accuracy of the three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction model was validated with second-order Stokes wave analytical solutions and the existing flume experimental results. Subsequently, the validated numerical model has been used to investigate the effects of different wave parameters, current velocities, anchor cable detailing, submerging positions, and wave-current incident directions on the wave-current loads and motion responses experienced by the steel caisson foundation during the positioning and submerging process. The results obtained indicate the following findings. (1) Compared with the consideration of the current velocities alone, the horizontal force and displacements (including X displacement and inclination) for steel caisson structure produced by the combined action of wave and current have been increased at least by 86.34 %, 25.15 %, and 112.96 %, respectively. (2) As the distance between the bottom of the steel caisson structure and the seabed decreases from 7 m to 3 m, the maximum horizontal force and X displacement for the steel caisson structure have been increased by approximately 41.90 % and 50.62 %, respectively, while the maximum inclination of the steel caisson structure decreases by about 31.06 %. (3) The varying wave and current incident directions i

关键词： Sea-crossing bridges fluid-structure interaction Steel caisson foundation Caisson submerging Stability optimization Numerical simulation

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Repeatable energy absorption characteristics of the oil-negative stiffness honeycomb damping system

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CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS 2025年 467卷

作者： Shi, Wenhui Yue, Shuai Shu, Dongwei Yuan, Yong Du, Zhonghua Gao, Guangfa Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mech Engn Nanjing 210094 Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn 50 Nanyang Ave Singapore 639798 Singapore Natl Key Lab Space Intelligent Control Beijing 100048 Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Spacecraft Mech Shanghai 201108 Peoples R China Chongqing Changan Wangjiang Ind Grp Co Ltd Chongqing 401120 Peoples R China

Negative stiffness honeycomb (NSH) metamaterials possess significant potential for civil structures energy absorption applications, but their current limitations restrict broader engineering applications. This work introduces an innovative oil-negative stiffness honeycomb (ONSH) damping system designed to achieve enhanced and repeatable high-energy absorption. The mechanical behavior of NSH with orifices was analyzed through FEM simulations under various conditions and compression experiments. Additionally, a fluid-structure decoupled model based on fluid-structure-interaction (FSI) simulation and orifice flow theory was developed to predict the energy absorption performance of the ONSH damping system. The accuracy of the model was validated through dynamic cyclic compression experiments at various compression velocities. The results demonstrate that the ONSH damping system exhibits superior energy absorption properties and is reusable within the material's elastic threshold. This advancement provides a promising solution for addressing energy absorption challenges in engineering applications.

关键词： ONSH damping system fluid-structure interaction Orifice flow Repeatable energy absorption

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Freeman Scholar Lecture (2021)-Sharp-Interface Immersed Boundary Methods in fluid Dynamics

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JOURNAL OF fluidS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 2025年第3期147卷 030801页

作者： Mittal, Rajat Seo, Jung-Hee Turner, Jacob Kumar, Sushrut Prakhar, Suryansh Zhou, Ji Johns Hopkins Univ Dept Mech Engn 3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA

Immersed boundary methods (IBMs) have evolved over the past 50 years from a specialized technique in biofluid dynamics and applied mathematics to a cornerstone of computational fluid dynamics. Many recent advancements in immersed boundary methods have centered on sharp-interface immersed boundary methods, which offer enhanced accuracy and fidelity for flow simulations. This paper outlines the key principles that have driven our own efforts in the development of sharp-interface immersed boundary methods over the past 25 years. We also highlight the power and versatility of these methods by showcasing a range of applications, spanning biolocomotion (i.e., swimming and flying), physiological flows, compressible aerodynamics, fluid-structure interaction (FSI), and flow-induced noise.

关键词： immersed boundary methods sharp-interface fluid-structure interaction computational fluid dynamics

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Near-field underwater explosion and its interaction with a sandwich composite plate

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING 2025年 196卷

作者： Pandey, Akash Wanchoo, Piyush Matos, Helio Leblanc, James Shukla, Arun Univ Rhode Isl Dynam Photomech Lab Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn Kingston RI 02881 USA Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr Div Newport Newport RI USA

Polymeric composite sandwich materials are critical for marine structures, but their behavior under near-field underwater explosions is not well understood. This study investigates the dynamic response of carbon-fiberreinforced sandwich composites with varying core densities subjected to near-field underwater explosions. Lab-scale experiments were conducted at two explosive stand-off distances using high-speed imaging and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) to capture the evolution of gas bubble dynamics, surface cavitation, and structural deformation. Results showed that reducing the stand-off distance led to a 0.7 ms increase in gas bubble period, along with an 80 mm increase in horizontal migration of the bubble, while vertical migration remained unaffected. The interaction between the gas bubble and surface cavitation, driven by fluid-structure interaction (FSI), significantly influenced the structural response. In particular, the simultaneous collapse of the gas bubble and surface cavitation resulted in higher localized impulsive loading, causing catastrophic failure in low-density core panels. Meanwhile, panels with higher core densities exhibited a 40 % reduction in out-of-plane deflection, demonstrating enhanced resistance to blast loading. This study provides new insights into the fluid-structure interaction mechanisms that occur during near-field underwater explosions and offers a basis for improving the design of marine structures by optimizing material selection and geometric configurations. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of shock mitigation strategies in composite materials and inform future research in marine structural design under extreme loading conditions.

关键词： Sandwich composite Underwater explosion fluid-structure interaction Cavitation Blast loading Shock mitigation

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