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Multirate time stepping for aeroelastic simulations of wind turbines using the actuator line model

COMPUTERS & fluidS 2025年 291卷

作者： Ntrelia, Konstantina Vandewalle, Stefan Meyers, Johan Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Mech Engn Celestijnenlaan 300C B-3001 Leuven Belgium Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Comp Sci Celestijnenlaan 200A B-3001 Leuven Belgium

In this study we introduce a novel high-order tight coupling methodology based on multirate generalized additive Runge-Kutta schemes, for the aeroelastic simulations of wind turbines. A large eddy simulation framework is coupled to a multibody structural model by utilizing the multirate technique. Turbines are represented by the actuator line model. We explore two different scenarios depending on component partitioning and test them in terms of accuracy and performance. The two coupling approaches are tested in simulations of an NREL 5 MW reference wind turbine inside a uniform inflow. The scheme preserves a high- order accuracy for both coupling methods, while we observe a strong dependency of the numerical solution on the partitioning and the multirate ratio. The implemented multirate schemes demonstrate great potential for achieving algorithmic speed-ups for aeroelastic simulations compared to single-rate methods.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Wind turbines Large-eddy simulations Multirate time integration Runge-kutta schemes

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Free Vibration of Thermally Loaded FG-GPLRC Nanoplates Integrated with Magneto-Electro-Elastic Layers in Contact with fluid

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL STABILITY AND DYNAMICS 2025年第11期25卷

作者： Saffari, Pouyan Roodgar Thongchom, Chanachai Saffari, Peyman Roodgar Lawongkerd, Jintara Keawsawasvong, Suraparb Senjuntichai, Teerapong Thammasat Univ Dept Civil Engn Fac Engn ThammasatSch Engn Res Unit Struct & Fdn Engn Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand Thammasat Univ Dept Civil Engn Res Unit Adv Mech Solids & Vibrat Thammasat Sch EngnFac Engn Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand Thammasat Univ Fac Engn Thammasat Dept Civil Engn Res Unit Sci & Innovat Technol Civil Engn Infrastr Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Engn Ctr Excellence Appl Mech & Struct Dept Civil Engn Bangkok 10330 Thailand

This work investigates the free vibrations of innovative thermally loaded nanoplates constructed by integrating magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) layers with functionally-graded graphene platelet-reinforced composite cores (FG-GPLRC) and accounting for viscous fluid interactions. An advanced multiphysics model is developed using the Navier-Stokes equations to capture fluid structure coupling effects, Halpin-Tsai, and the rule of mixtures micromechanics to predict the non-uniform effective properties, third-order shear deformation plates theory (TSDPT) to incorporate thickness stretching, and the nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT) to characterize size dependencies. The Galerkin technique is used to solve the governing equations, which are derived from the Hamilton's principle. Parametric analyses quantify the influences of fluid depth, temperature fluctuations, temperature profiles, nonlocal and strain gradient parameters, electric and magnetic potentials, graphene distribution patterns, graphene weight fractions, and boundary conditions on the vibration response. The outcomes of this study provide design guidelines and predictive tools enabling active vibration control systems for next-generation thermally-loaded nanocomposite structures with widespread applications from aerospace vehicles to nanoelectronics.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction thermal loading graphene platelet magneto-electro-elastic nonlocal strain gradient theory

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A THINC-based numerical model for incompressible flows with free surfaces on the overset grids: On preserving accuracy and conservation of volume fraction

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JOURNAL OF fluidS AND structureS 2025年 135卷

作者： Tong, Xin Chen, Dezhu Cheng, Lidong Xie, Bin Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Ocean & Civil Engn Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Ocean Engn Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China

In this paper, we develop an accurate and robust numerical model for incompressible multiphase flows with free surface on the unstructured overset grids within the framework of OpenFOAM. To capture the moving interface between two immiscible fluids, THINC/QQ (THINC method with quadratic surface representation and Gauss quadrature) scheme is presented on the static and dynamic overset grids using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. A novel interpolation algorithm is proposed to transfer the volume fraction across the overset grids, which significantly improves the geometric faithfulness and numerical conservation of free surfaces since the interface is reconstructed and represented as quadratic surface in the fringe cells of the overset grids using the THINC formulation. A pseudo-Laplacian approach is utilized to interpolate both the velocity and pressure fields across overset grids achieving a second-order accuracy. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved together with a transport equation of volume fraction using second-order finite volume schemes, which then is coupled with the motion solver during each time step to obtain converged solution between the hydrodynamic flow and kinematic motion of the rigid body. The so-called thincFoam/overset, when used in the transient simulation of interfacial multiphase flows, provides high-fidelity solutions with an order of magnitude reduction in the conservation error of volume fraction field. Numerical verifications have been carried out through various 2D and 3D benchmark tests, such as the water entry of a wedge, floating structure in regular waves, and water entry of a horizontal cylinder. The numerical results demonstrate that the present model shows great potential in capturing complex moving interfaces undergoing large deformations and topological changes with excellent conservation for simulating the nonlinear interaction between multiphase flows and solid structures.

关键词： Multiphase flow fluid-structure interaction THINC/QQ Interface capturing Overset grids

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Investigation on flooding dynamic response and mitigation measure of river bridge

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ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS 2025年 167卷

作者： Liu, Zhongxiang Niu, Shilei Qian, Jing Guo, Tong Southeast Univ Sch Transportat Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Sch Civil Engn Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Key Lab Concrete & Prestressed Concrete Struct Minist Educ Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China

Flood-induced failure of river bridges is intense due to frequently extreme and undesigned precipitation for global climate change. To reveal the dynamic characteristics and failure mechanism of bridges, flooding dynamic analysis is fully investigated via fluid-structure interaction simulation and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. Parametric analysis of different fluids and bridge configurations and pre-ballast mitigation measure are further conducted based on a simply-supported box-girder bridge. This study reveals several significant findings: the narrow channel can accelerate downstream flood velocity of the bridge piers to over double that of the upstream flow;moreover, unsubmerged piers experience vertical downward wave force surpassing buoyancy;the box girders exhibit three flood-response states, i.e., intact, slip and collapse, dependent on the hydraulic loading and bridge resistance capacity. Maximum horizontal wave force and displacement increase exponentially with the depth of water storage. Post-slip damage, bearing stress on the wave-facing side tends towards zero, while the wave-backing side presents a twofold increase. Maximum horizontal displacement (X-max) distinguishes the failure states, such as 0m <= X-max <= 0.03 m (intact), 0.03m < X-max <= 1.39 m (slip), X-max > 1.39m (collapse), whose relation to the maximum horizontal wave force has been proposed for design reference and the inversion analysis of the bridge force. Applying a pre-ballast equivalent to 75 % of girder weight reduces Xmax by up to 91.5 %, shifting failure from collapse to slip. These insights offer crucial guidance for enhancing bridge safety amidst escalating flood risks.

关键词： Flooding dynamic analysis Pre-ballast mitigation measure Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method fluid-structure interaction Finite element analysis

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Research on Construction Control Measures for Enclosed Karst Tunnels

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WATER 2025年第3期17卷

作者： Zhang, Miaoxin Meng, Wei Zhang, Xiaowei Tang, Guotao Sun, Caiyang Zhang, Xuefu Liu, Jun Li, Xinzhen Chongqing Jiaotong Univ Sch Civil Engn Chongqing 400074 Peoples R China Chongqing Jiaotong Univ Inst Future Civil Engn Sci & Technol Chongqing 400074 Peoples R China China Railway Changjiang Transport Design Grp Co L Chongqing 401121 Peoples R China Chongqing High Speed Railway Construct Wankaida Ex Chongqing 404100 Peoples R China

This study explores the water inrush phenomenon and its control measures during tunnel construction in enclosed karst geological conditions through a real case study. Using numerical simulation methods, the study investigates the variations in water level drawdown, drainage volume, and the changes in principal stress and displacement at four locations (arch waist, left arch waist, left arch foot, and arch bottom) during tunnel construction under three excavation methods (full-face excavation method (FFEM), bench excavation method (BEM), and reserved core soil excavation method (RCSEM)), six water head heights (122 m, 162 m, 202 m, 242 m, 282 m, 322 m), and five excavation advances (0.5 m, 1.0 m, 1.5 m, 2.0 m, 2.5 m). The results show that, compared to controlling excavation advance, water level drawdown and drainage volume are more sensitive to increases in initial water head height. The reserved core soil method results in the smallest drainage volume and water level drawdown, effectively controlling stress increase and significantly mitigating arch bottom uplift. The RCSEM has the smallest drainage volume, making it an ideal choice for ecological protection.

关键词： enclosed karst geological structure tunnel excavation numerical simulation fluid-structure interaction

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Simulation of drill-string systems with fluid-structure and contact interactions in realistic geometries

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COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS 2025年第3期75卷 1165-1189页

作者： Galasso, Sara Santelli, Luca Zambetti, Raffaello Giusteri, Giulio G. Tullio Levi Civita Univ Padova Dept Math Via Trieste 63 I-35121 Padua Italy Basque Ctr Appl Math CFD Modelling & Simulat Alameda de Mazarredo 14 Bilbao 48009 Spain Tenaris Piazza Caduti 6 Luglio 1944 1 I-24044 Dalmine Italy

We propose a method for the simulation of the nonlinear dynamics of drill-string systems and the assessment of the stresses to which the pipe is subject under realistic conditions in drilling operations. The formulation of the evolution equations of the drill-string is based on the special Euclidean strand equations for the stresses and momenta of geometrically exact viscoelastic rods. For the spatial discretisation, we employ a finite-difference method on a staggered grid and the time integration is based on an adaptive Runge-Kutta method. The model allows to simulate the nonlinear dissipative dynamics of rods, with realistic material parameters, confined inside tubular wells of arbitrary shape, accounting for fluid-structure and contact interactions. The comparison of the numerical results with field data collected in drilling operations shows the effectiveness of our method in reproducing the mechanical response of real drill-string systems and the robustness in providing accurate predictions when tested in computationally-challenging settings.

关键词： Drill-string system Viscoelastic Cosserat rod Contact interaction fluid-structure interaction Constrained buckling

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A CFD-FEM-IBM simulation scheme for the strong coupling between the fluid and the structure with large deformations and movements

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COMPUTERS & structureS 2025年 310卷

作者： Mao, Jia Li, Feng Wang, Shuhe Zhao, Lanhao Di, Yingtang Hohai Univ Coll Water Conservancy & Hydropower Engn Nanjing 210098 Peoples R China Minist Water Resources Key Lab Geomech & Engn Wuhan 430071 Peoples R China Minist Water Resources Key Lab Hydrol Cycle & Hydrodynam Syst Nanjing 210024 Peoples R China

To describe the strong coupling between the fluid and the elastic structure with drastic deformations and large movements, a CFD-FEM-IBM simulation scheme is proposed. The fluid dynamics are governed by the NavierStokes equations, while the highly nonlinear mechanical behavior of the deformable structure is simulated using the updated Lagrangian incremental description. An outstanding feature of the hybrid method is that both the computational fluid dynamics and the computational solid dynamics are discretized spatially in the finite element framework. Besides, the main challenge in simulating strong coupling effects accurately lies in describing the fluid-structure boundary which deforms drastically over time. The direct-forcing immersed boundary method is employed to tackle the fluid-structure interaction and immersed boundary points allocated on the deformable surface of the structure are used to represent the fluid-structure interface. Both the no-slip boundary condition and the divergence-free condition for the IBM are ensured thorough several iterations. Moreover, the partitioned approach is utilized to solve the coupling system and iterations are carried out at each time step to reflect strong coupling effects. The reliability and accuracy of the current method in simulating the fluid-structure interaction problems with large deformations and movements are finally validated by benchmark tests.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Drastic deformation Large movement Immersed boundary method Partitioned method

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Damage Probability Evaluation of Pontoon-type Floating Offshore Wind Turbines Subjected to Both Random Wind and Wave Loads

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFSHORE AND POLAR ENGINEERING 2024年第2期34卷 121-128页

作者： Fujita, Ken-ichi Yashiro, Harumi Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci Dept Engn Nagasaki Japan Natl Def Acad Japan Sch Syst Engn Yokosuka Japan

To establish a structural risk assessment method for offshore floating wind turbines, this study presents an evaluation method of damage probability of pontoon-type floating offshore wind turbines subjected to random wind and wave loads. The hydroelastic response of the structure to random loads is analyzed using a stationary random vibration theory. The damage probability of the structure is evaluated using a first-order reliability method. Numerical examples show a variety of hydroelastic responses and the damage probability of structures for different wind speeds and directions during operation and shutdown.

关键词： Floating offshore wind turbine structural damage probability stationary random vibration theory hydroelastic response fluid-structure interaction mode superposition

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Numerical analysis and experimental validation of the coupled thermal effects in swashplate type axial piston machines

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MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2024年 220卷

作者： Mukherjee, Swarnava Shang, Lizhi Vacca, Andrea Purdue Univ Maha Fluid Power Res Ctr Lafayette IN 47905 USA

This paper explores the significant impact of thermal effects on the performance of SwashplateType Axial Piston Machines, a crucial aspect often overlooked in current numerical analyses primarily focused on energy efficiency prediction and machine design optimization. Existing methods commonly neglect or only partially account for thermal dynamics and heat transfer within both fluid and solid domains, resulting in inaccurate power loss predictions and hindering designers' ability to enhance energy efficiency and durability. To address this gap, we present a comprehensive thermal model that fully couples the thermal behavior of the entire machine. This model incorporates mass and energy conservation in displacement chambers and slipper pockets, dynamics of floating bodies, Reynolds equation, and energy conservation in lubricating interfaces. Furthermore, it considers heat transfer in floating bodies and thermoelasto-hydrodynamic effects induced by pressure and thermal deformation. Validation against experimental data demonstrates the accuracy of the model in predicting solid body temperature distribution and overall machine efficiency. By comparing machine efficiencies with an isothermal model, we highlight the critical importance of considering thermal effects. Additionally, our model offers insights into key power loss sources across various operating conditions, contributing to a deeper understanding of machine performance and aiding in future design optimizations.

关键词： Axial piston machines Simulation Experimental validation fluid-structure interaction Coupled heat transfer Thermal deformation Fully coupled model

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Vibrations of PWR fuel assembly under axial coolant flow and oblique impingement of jet cross-flow from LOCA holes

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NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2024年 429卷

作者： Gad-el-Hak, Ibrahim Mureithi, Njuki Karazis, Kostas Polytech Montreal Dept Mech Engn Montreal PQ H3C 3A7 Canada Framatome Inc 3315 Old Forest Rd Lynchburg VA 24501 USA

Nuclear fuel bundles are exposed to localized normal impinging jet cross-flow at certain locations along the fuel rod span in a specific design of pressurized water reactors (PWRs) with a fail-safe feature for a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA). The combined axial flow and jet cross-flow from LOCA holes can induce extensive fuel rod vibration, leading to fretting wear, particularly in rods near the LOCA holes. The dynamics of the fuel assembly depend strongly on the jet impingement angle (theta) where the jet flow impinges the fuel rods. This paper investigates experimentally the effect of oblique impingement of a circular jet flow in axial flow on the vibration of a reduced scale model array of the fuel assembly. The mock-up array is tested for three jet inclination angles relative to the rod axis. In addition, the effect of axial flow on the jet-induced dynamics in the array is investigated. The tests are done for the jet centerline located symmetrically or eccentrically relative to the rod inter-column gap. The jet eccentricity is found to have a significant effect on rod bundle stability. The results show that the axial flow has a stabilizing effect on the jet-induced instability. The stability threshold of the array is significantly affected by the jet injection angle. The array becomes significantly more unstable when the jet flow is injected at theta = 70 degrees compared to the normal jet impingement case. For a jet impingement angle larger than 90 degrees, the stability behavior is more complex. While the rod bundle undergoes instability, further increasing the jet velocity did not exacerbate the vibration response, thus suggesting an apparently self-limiting instability for the non-eccentric jet.

关键词： PWR fuel rods Oblique jet impingement Jet in cross-flow (JICF) Jet in transverse flow (JITF) fluid-structure interaction Jet cross-flow induced vibrations fluidelastic instability tests

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