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Unraveling aortic hemodynamics using fluid structure interaction: biomechanical insights into bicuspid aortic valve dynamics with multiple aortic lesions

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BIOMECHANICS AND MODELING IN MECHANOBIOLOGY 2025年第1期24卷 17-27页

作者： Govindarajan, Vijay Wanna, Charles Johnson, Nils P. Kolanjiyil, Arun V. Kim, Hyunggun Kitkungvan, Danai Mcpherson, David M. Grande-Allen, Jane Chandran, Krishnan B. Estrera, Antony Ramzy, Danny Prakash, Siddharth Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston McGovern Med Sch Dept Internal Med Div Cardiol 1881 East Rd Houston TX 77054 USA Boston Childrens Hosp Boston MA 02115 USA Harvard Med Sch Boston MA 02115 USA Virginia Commonwealth Univ Richmond VA USA Sungkyunkwan Univ Suwon Gyeonggi Do South Korea Rice Univ Houston TX USA Univ Iowa Iowa City IA USA

Aortic lesions, exemplified by bicuspid aortic valves (BAVs), can complicate congenital heart defects, particularly in Turner syndrome patients. The combination of BAV, dilated ascending aorta, and an elongated aortic arch presents complex hemodynamics, requiring detailed analysis for tailored treatment strategies. While current clinical decision-making relies on imaging modalities offering limited biomechanical insights, integrating high-performance computing and fluid-structure interaction algorithms with patient data enables comprehensive evaluation of diseased anatomy and planned intervention. In this study, a patient-specific workflow was utilized to biomechanically assess a Turner syndrome patient's BAV, dilated ascending aorta, and elongated arch. Results showed significant improvements in valve function (effective orifice area, EOA increased approximately twofold) and reduction in valve stress (similar to 1.8-fold) following virtual commissurotomy, leading to enhanced flow dynamics and decreased viscous dissipation (similar to twofold) particularly in the ascending aorta. However, increased viscous dissipation in the distal transverse aortic arch offset its local reduction in the AAo post-intervention, emphasizing the elongated arch's role in aortic hemodynamics. Our findings highlight the importance of comprehensive biomechanical evaluation and integrating patient-specific modeling with conventional imaging techniques for improved disease assessment, risk stratification, and treatment planning, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.

关键词： Bicuspid aortic valve Dilated aorta Elongated arch fluid-structure interaction Aortic hemodynamics Valve deformation

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fluid-structure interaction analysis of coriolis mass flowmeter

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B 2020年第14-16期34卷

作者： Huang, Tian-Xing Reny, Jian-Xin Zhangz, Pei Northwestern Polytech Univ Sch Automat Xian Peoples R China

Coriolis mass flowmeter (CMF) is widely used in the industrial field. In mass flow measurement, there are many impurities in measured fluids that will adhere to the inner wall of the vibrating tube of CMF. The vibration characteristics of CMF would change due to the structural change, i.e., wall clung state, which will generate the wall clung state fault. In this paper, aiming at the wall clung state fault of CMF, the finite element model of CMF is established based on ANSYS. The velocity distribution of fluid in the vibrating tube of CMF is analyzed, considering the fluid{structure interaction. The location of the wall clung state in a vibrating tube is determined. Then, the fault model is established. The mechanism of the vibration transmission characteristics outwards of CMF caused by the wall clung state is analyzed by harmonic response analysis. Finally, the failure mode of CMF is investigated.

关键词： ANSYS Coriolis mass flowmeter fluid-structure interaction transmitted vibration harmonic response failure analysis

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fluid-structure interaction Modeling of Elastohydrodynamically Lubricated Line Contacts

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JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 2021年第9期143卷 091602-091602页

作者： Singh, Kushagra Sadeghi, Farshid Russell, Thomas Lorenz, Steven J. Peterson, Wyatt Villarreal, Jaret Jinmon, Takumi School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 Cummins Distinguished Professor of Mechanical Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 Toyota Motor North America R&D 1555 Woodridge Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48105 Toyota Motor North America R&D 1555 Woodridge Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48105

This paper presents a partitioned fluid-structure interaction (FSI) solver to model elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of line contacts. The FSI model was constructed using the multiphysics simulation software ansys, wherein an iterative implicit coupling scheme is implemented to facilitate the interaction between fluid and solid components. The model uses a finite volume method (FVM) based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver to determine the lubricant flow behavior using the Navier-Stokes equations. Additionally, the finite element method (FEM) is utilized to model the structural response of the solid. fluid cavitation, compressibility, non-Newtonian lubricant rheology, load balance algorithm, and dynamic meshing were incorporated in the FSI model. The pressure and film thickness results obtained from the model are presented for a wide range of loads, speeds, slide to roll ratios (SRR), surface dent, material properties (elastic plastic), etc. The model presents a detailed understanding of EHL contacts by removing any assumptions relative to the Reynolds equation. It provides the (i) two-dimensional variation of pressure, viscosity, etc., in the fluid and (ii) stress, elastic/plastic strain in the solid, simultaneously. The FSI model is robust, easy to implement, and computationally efficient. It provides an effective approach to solve sophisticated EHL problems. The FSI model was used to investigate the effects of surface dents, plasticity and material inclusions under heavily loaded lubricated line contacts as can be found in gears and rolling element bearings. The results from the model exhibit excellent corroboration with published results based on the Reynolds equation solvers.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction elastohydrodynamic lubrication gears rolling element bearings CFD rolling contact fatigue bearings

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Failure investigation and stresses in abdominal aortic aneurysms fluid-structure interaction biomechanics: Effect of nonlinear material properties and presence of intraluminal thrombus

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Procedia Structural Integrity 2023年 45卷 88-95页

作者： Xiaochen Wang Mergen H. Ghayesh Andrei Kotousov Anthony C. Zander Peter J. Psaltis School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia Vascular Research Centre Lifelong Health Theme South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) Adelaide SA 5000 Australia Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture has become a prevalent cause of death and is responsible for approximately 200,000 deaths annually worldwide. Due to the fact that abdominal aortic aneurysms are permanent progressive dilatations and asymptomatic until rupture, there is a rising need to study the characteristics of the mechanics of disease so that it can be recognised earlier on, thus preventing the patients from risks. This paper analyses the relationship between the nonlinear material hyperelasticity variability and the presence of intraluminal thrombosis (ILT) in a biomechanical computational model of an abdominal aortic aneurysm via the fluid-structure interaction technique. Current clinical interventions of AAA highly rely on the aneurysm size; however, evidence has shown that many small lesions rupture. One possible cause of this phenomenon is ILT, as in over 70% of patients with AAA, ILT can be found and presented irregular covered on the intimal side of AAA. Moreover, the embedded fibres in the artery wall exhibit anisotropy, and neglecting fibre dispersion can oversimplify the results of AAA modelling. The biomechanical model presented in this work takes into account viscoelastic artery wall, pulsatile fluid velocity and pressure, non-Newtonian behaviour of blood, and interaction between the blood and the artery wall. The impact on wall stresses, deformation and flow patterns are focused and compared to conduct this sensitivity analysis of numerical prediction. The results demonstrate that the presence of an ILT significantly affects the risk of rupture and the variability of the material hyperelasticity

关键词： abdominal aortic aneurysm biomechanics finite element analysis fluid-structure interaction intraluminal thrombus sensitivity study rupture risks failure investigation

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Analysis of hydrofoil fluid structure interaction locking by dynamic mode decomposition

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OCEAN ENGINEERING 2025年 327卷

作者： Wang, Zibin Li, Fugeng Ning, Xiaoshen Hu, Jian Zhang, Weipeng Harbin Engn Univ Coll Shipbldg Engn Harbin 150001 Heilongjiang Peoples R China

At a particular Reynolds number, vortex shedding induces locking, causing fatigue damage to structures within the flow field and producing pronounced noise. To investigate the vortex-induced vibration characteristics of viscous fluids, this study employs a two-dimensional hydrofoil model. Moreover, structural deformation is calculated under multiple natural frequencies. When the vortex frequency approaches the first natural frequency, the vortex shedding shifts from free shedding to coupled shedding. Additionally, locking is observed near higher natural frequencies. In the board band between the above two natural frequencies, the shedding frequency conforms to Strouhal's law. The dynamic mode decomposition results of the velocity field reveal the presence of distinctive small-scale fluctuations near the shedding frequency and natural frequency coupling.

关键词： Vortex induced vibration Locking fluid-structure interaction Dynamic mode decomposition

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Optimizing Sensitivity in a fluid-structure interaction-Based Microfluidic Viscometer: A Multiphysics Simulation Study

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SENSORS 2023年第22期23卷 9265-9265页

作者： Mustafa, Adil Uslu, Merve Ertas Tanyeri, Melikhan Univ Bristol Dept Engn Math Bristol BS8 1TW England Duquesne Univ Sch Sci & Engn Dept Biomed Engn Pittsburgh PA 15282 USA

fluid-structure interactions (FSI) are used in a variety of sensors based on micro- and nanotechnology to detect and measure changes in pressure, flow, and viscosity of fluids. These sensors typically consist of a flexible structure that deforms in response to the fluid flow and generates an electrical, optical, or mechanical signal that can be measured. FSI-based sensors have recently been utilized in applications such as biomedical devices, environmental monitoring, and aerospace engineering, where the accurate measurement of fluid properties is critical to ensure performance and safety. In this work, multiphysics models are employed to identify and study parameters that affect the performance of an FSI-based microfluidic viscometer that measures the viscosity of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids using the deflection of flexible micropillars. Specifically, we studied the impact of geometric parameters such as pillar diameter and height, aspect ratio of the pillars, pillar spacing, and the distance between the pillars and the channel walls. Our study provides design guidelines to adjust the sensitivity of the viscometer toward specific applications. Overall, this highly sensitive microfluidic sensor can be integrated into complex systems and provide real-time monitoring of fluid viscosity.

关键词： microfluidic viscometer fluid-structure interaction micropillar deflection multiphysics simulations

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The Effect of Subglottic Stenosis Severity on Vocal Fold Vibration and Voice Production in Realistic Laryngeal and Airway Geometries Using fluid-structure-Acoustics interaction Simulation

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APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2025年第3期15卷 1168-1168页

作者： Bodaghi, Dariush Xue, Qian Thomson, Scott Zheng, Xudong Univ Maine Dept Mech Engn Orono ME 04473 USA Rochester Inst Technol Dept Mech Engn Rochester NY 14623 USA Brigham Young Univ Idaho Dept Mech & Civil Engn Rexburg ID 83460 USA

This study investigates the impact of subglottic stenosis (SGS) on voice production using a subject-specific laryngeal and airway model. Direct numerical simulations of fluid-structure-acoustic interaction were employed to analyze glottal flow dynamics, vocal fold vibration, and acoustics under realistic conditions. The model accurately captured key physiological parameters, including the glottal flow rate, vocal fold vibration patterns, and the first four formant frequencies. Simulations of varying SGS severity revealed that up to 75% stenosis, vocal function remains largely unaffected. However, at 90% severity, significant changes in glottal flow and acoustics were observed, with vocal fold vibration remaining stable. At 96%, severe reductions in glottal flow and acoustics, along with marked changes in vocal fold dynamics, were detected. Flow resistance, the ratio of glottal to stenosis area, and pressure drop across the vocal folds were identified as critical factors influencing these changes. The use of anatomically realistic airway and vocal fold geometries revealed that while anatomical variations minimally affect voice production at lower stenosis grades, they become critical at severe stenosis levels (>90%), particularly in capturing distinct anterior-posterior opening patterns and focused jet effects that alter glottal dynamics. These findings suggest that while simplified models suffice for analyzing mild to moderate stenosis, patient-specific geometric details are essential for accurate prediction of vocal fold dynamics in severe cases.

关键词： subglottic stenosis voice production subject-specific simulation fluid-structure interaction

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A stable loosely coupled fluid structure interaction scheme using sharp interface immersed boundary method for low to moderate mass ratios

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COMPUTERS & fluidS 2024年 280卷

作者： Sarkar, Nandan Dawn, Sayantan Raj, Apurva Khan, Piru Mohan Roy, Somnath Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur Dept Mech Engn Kharagpur 721302 West Bengal India Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur Dept Aerosp Engn Kharagpur 721302 West Bengal India Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur Ctr Computat & Data Sci Kharagpur 721302 West Bengal India

The stability of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems using immersed boundary (IB) method is an active area of research. In this regime, strong coupling is generally used to ensure stability and robustness. Strong coupling, however, is computationally expensive owing to its iterative nature. In the present work, we showcase the application of loose coupling algorithm for FSI problems using the sharp interface IB method specifically for low to moderate mass ratios (defined as the ratio of the mass of the structure to the mass of the fluid at the same volume). We demonstrate several test cases: vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a cylinder, the effect of hinged leaflets attached to the exit of a piston in a channel, sedimentation of a circular disk, and bi-leaflet mechanical heart valves (BMHV) made of lightweight materials in physiological flow. We found our loose coupling method to be stable in all the test cases and obtained a linear relationship between the grid resolution employed and the lowest mass ratio for stable computations in the case of VIV of cylinder. Thus, a significant finding of our work is that with a reduction in grid spacing, one can achieve stable FSI simulation involving lower mass ratios using loosly-coupled schemes. We have deployed the present technique to investigate the dynamics of very low-density cylinders and hinged leaflets due to the fluid forces on them. The current method is extended to handle flexible bodies, such as vortex-induced vibrations of an elastic plate attached to a rigid cylinder and stable simulations are obtained when the Young's modulus of the elastic plate is varied.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Immersed boundary method Loose coupling

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fluid-structure interaction of Circular Cylinder Flow with Bidirectional Splitter Plates

Fluid-Structure Interaction of Circular Cylinder Flow with B...

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Global OCEANS Singapore - U.S. Gulf Coast Conference

作者： Dang, Zhigao Mao, Zhaoyong Song, Baowei Tian, Wenlong Northwestern Polytech Univ Sch Marine Sci & Technol Xian Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728154466

Flow past a circular cylinder is a classical topic in ocean engineering application, such as the marine riser, oil pipeline, etc. When the ocean current flows around cylinder structures, shedding vortices will appear alternately in the wake of the cylinder at a certain Reynolds number, which is harmful to the service life of ocean engineering structures. Among the abundant active and passive methods of flow control, the splitter plate behind the circular cylinder is a popular choice to improve the flow field of the circular cylinder. It should be noted that the motions of the splitter plate are neglected because most of the present studies treat the splitter plate as rigid body. Therefore, the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) effect between the fluid and the splitter plate is taken into account in the present study. What's more, a new idea with bidirectional splitter plates are proposed to improve the flow field with beneficial effects. Correspondingly, the relationships between the ratios of RMS lift and mean drag coefficients by original circular cylinder with different configurations of the splitter plate are given.

关键词： circular cylinder fluid-structure interaction splitter plate lift drag

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An immersed multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite element method for fluid-structure-interaction problems

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COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING 2024年 432卷

作者： Sun, Zixian Zeng, Zhixin Li, Jiasheng Zhang, Xiong Tsinghua Univ Sch Aerosp Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

fluid-structure-interaction (FSI) phenomena are widely concerned in engineering practice and challenge current numerical methods. In this article, the finite element method is strongly coupled with the multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (MMALE) method to develop a monolithic FSI method named the immersed multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite element method (IALEFEM). By immersing the finite elements in the MMALE computational grid, the fluid-solid interface is directly tracked by the element boundary with accurate normal directions. The fluid-structure-interaction is implicitly implemented by assembling the nodal variables and updating the Lagrangian momentum equation on the MMALE grid. Combining the advantages of both MMALE and FEM with the immersed boundary method, the IALEFEM is effective for solving complicated FSI problems with multi-material fluid flow. A slip fluid-structure-interaction method is also proposed to enhance the computational accuracy in simulating FSI problems with significantly different velocity fields. The accuracy and effectiveness of the IALEFEM are verified and validated by several benchmark numerical examples including the shock-cylinder obstacle interaction, flexible panel deformation induced by shock wave, dam break problem with large structural deformation, water entry of a wedge, fragmentation of a cylinder shell induced by blast, response of elastic plate subjected to spherical near-field explosion and structural damage of open-frame building under blast loading.

关键词： Multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian method Finite element method Immersed boundary method fluid-structure interaction

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