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A patient-specific fluid-structure interaction model of the cerebrovascular damage in relation to traumatic brain injury

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TRAUMA-ENGLAND 2021年第1期23卷 33-43页

作者： Razaghi, Reza Biglari, Hasan Karimi, Alireza Univ Tabriz Dept Mech Engn Tabriz 51666 Iran Kyushu Univ Dept Mech Engn Fukuoka Japan

Background There is a lack of knowledge on the magnitudes of the biomechanical stresses and deformations occurring in the cerebral arterial wall after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Experimental techniques are unable to calculate the stresses and deformations in the cerebral arterial wall after TBI;therefore, the application of numerical simulations, such as finite element modeling, is preferred. Methods This study was aimed to calculate the stresses and deformations as well as the alteration in the pressure and velocity of the blood in the cerebrovascular artery using a fluid-structure interaction model. Results The results revealed considerable increase in the pressure and velocity of the blood which might lead to cerebrovascular damage followed by hemorrhage. The arterial wall showed the highest deformation of 0.047 mm in the X direction which was higher than that in the Y (0.035-0.050 mm) and Z (0.019-0.030 mm) directions. Conclusions These results have implications not only for the understanding of the stresses and deformations in the cerebral artery because of TBI, but also for providing a comprehensive knowledge for biomechanical and medical experts in regard to thresholds of cerebrovascular damage for use in establishing preventive and/or treatment methods.

关键词： Cerebrovascular artery arterial damage traumatic brain injury stress and deformation fluid-structure interaction

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Topology optimization of structures subject to non-Newtonian fluid-structure interaction loads using integer linear programming

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FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 2022年 202卷 103690-103690页

作者： Ranjbarzadeh, S. Picelli, R. Gioria, R. Silva, E. C. N. Univ Sao Paulo Dept Mechatron & Mech Syst Engn Av Prof Mello Moraes 2231 BR-05508030 Butanta SP Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Dept Min & Petr Engn Praca Narciso de Andrade S-N BR-11013560 Santos SP Brazil

This paper proposes a topology optimization design method for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems considering Non-Newtonian fluid such as blood and polymer solution. Non-Newtonian fluid does not obey the Newtonian relationship between the shear stress and shear rate. fluid-structure interaction involving Non Newtonian fluid has a wide range of application in oil and gas, chemical, food industries, microfluidics, and bio-engineering. We solve a compliance minimization problem subject to volume constraints of structures under FSI loads considering Non-Newtonian laminar flow. The structure is considered to undergo small deformation. The TOBS (Topology Optimization of Binary structures) method is applied to solve the material distribution problem. The TOBS approach uses binary {0, 1} design variables, which can be advantageous when dealing with design-dependent physics interactions, e.g., in cases where fluid-structure boundaries are allowed to change during optimization. The finite elements method is used to solve the fluid-structure equations and output the sensitivities using automatic differentiation. The TOBS optimizer provides a new set of {0, 1} variables at every iteration. Optimization results show that Non-Newtonian effects have a significant influence on FSI design.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Topology optimization Non-Newtonian fluid Binary design variables TOBS method Finite elements method

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Cellular biomechanics: fluid-structure interaction or structural simulation?

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JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS 2022年 136卷 111084-111084页

作者： Papadakis, L. Karatsis, E. Michalakis, K. Tsouknidas, A. Univ Western Macedonia Dept Mech Engn Lab Biomat & Computat Mech GR-50100 Koila Kozani Greece D4 Business Village Luzern BETA CAE Syst Int AG CH-6039 Root Switzerland Boston Univ Dept Restorat Sci & Biomat Boston MA 02111 USA

The mechanisms by which cells respond to their changing mechanical environment and how this stimulus is decoded intracellularly from the tissue to the organ level, are widely considered as fundamental for most biological processes. Despite this, the underlying phenomena of mechanotransduction, are still not very well understood. Over the last years, numerical modeling has emerged as a cohesive element in the interpretation of biophysical and biochemical assays, concerning cellular mechanotransduction. We hypothesize that the consideration of continuum mechanics (studying all cellular entities as solids) is an inherent limitation of these models, and in part, responsible for their restricted application in cellular biomechanics. To evaluate this, a (verified and validated) 3D model of osteoblast is simulated through structural analysis, employing conventional Finite Element (FE) modelling and the results compared to a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis. Among the trend observed, FSI systematically leads to a higher stimulation of the nucleus (by up to 200%), while FE produced a more uniform stress field, resulting in the deformation of a notably larger portion of its volume. Although FE modelling captures a seemingly correct kinematic response of the cell when subjected to the simulated loading scenario, FSI represents a more realistic alternative. The equitable consideration of both, liquid- and solid-state material characteristics, in the latter analysis, revealed intra-cellular loading patterns that were more realistic from a biomechanical perspective. In conclusion, FSI can provide refined insight as to nuclear loading, thus serving as a far more accurate framework for decoding cellular mechanotransduction.

关键词： Finite element modelling fluid-structure interaction Cell biomechanics Mechanosensing Mechanotransduction

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fluid-poroviscoelastic structure interaction problem with nonlinear geometric coupling

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JOURNAL DE MATHEMATIQUES PURES ET APPLIQUEES 2024年 188卷 345-445页

作者： Kuan, Jeffrey Canic, Suncica Muha, Boris Univ Maryland Dept Math College Pk MD USA Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Math Berkeley CA 94720 USA Univ Zagreb Fac Sci Dept Math Zagreb Croatia

We investigate weak solutions to a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem between the flow of an incompressible, viscous fluid modeled by the Navier-Stokes equations, and a poroviscoelastic medium modeled by the Biot equations. These systems are coupled nonlinearly across an interface with mass and elastic energy, modeled by a reticular plate equation, which is transparent to fluid flow. We provide a constructive proof of the existence of a weak solution to a regularized problem. Next, a weakclassical consistency result is obtained, showing that the weak solution to the regularized problem converges, as the regularization parameter approaches zero, to a classical solution to the original problem, when such a classical solution exists. While the assumptions in the first step only require the Biot medium to be poroelastic, the second step requires additional regularity, namely, that the Biot medium is poroviscoelastic. This is the first weak solution existence result for an FSI problem with nonlinear coupling involving a Biot model for poro(visco)elastic media. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons .org /licenses /by /4 .0/).

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Poroelastic media Nonlinear coupling Well-posedness

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Extending a Van Der Pol-Based Reduced-Order Model for fluid-structure interaction Applied to Non-Synchronous Vibrations in Turbomachinery

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JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 2022年第3期144卷 031006-031006页

作者： Hollenbach, Richard Kielb, Robert Hall, Kenneth Duke Univ Thomas Lord Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci Durham NC 27703 USA Duke Univ Thomas Lord Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci Durham NC 27708 USA

This paper expands upon a multi-degree-of-freedom, Van der Pol oscillator used to model buffet and nonsynchronous vibrations (NSV) in turbines. Two degrees-of-freedom are used, a fluid tracking variable incorporating a Van der Pol oscillator and a classic spring, mass, damper mounted cylinder variable;thus, this model is one of fluid-structure interaction. This model has been previously shown to exhibit the two main aspects of NSV. The first is the lock-in or entrainment phenomenon of the fluid shedding frequency jumping onto the natural frequency of the oscillator, while the second is a stable limit cycle oscillation (LCO) once the transient solution disappears. Improvements are made to the previous model to better understand this aeroelastic phenomenon. First, an error minimizing technique through a system identification method is used to tune the coefficients in the reduced-order model (ROM) to improve the accuracy in comparison to experimental data. Second, a cubic stiffness term is added to the fluid equation;this term is often seen in the Duffing Oscillator equation, which allows this ROM to capture the experimental behavior more accurately, seen in previous literature. The finalized model captures the experimental cylinder data found in literature much better than the previous model. These improvements also open the door for future models, such as that of a pitching airfoil or a turbomachinery blade, to create a preliminary design tool for studying NSV in turbomachinery.

关键词： nonsynchronous vibrations van der pol fluid-structure interaction turbomachinery reduced-order model aeromechanical instabilities fan compressor and turbine aerodynamic design fluid dynamics and heat transfer phenomena in compressor and turbine components of gas turbine engines

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The existence of a weak solution for a compressible multicomponent fluid structure interaction problem

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JOURNAL DE MATHEMATIQUES PURES ET APPLIQUEES 2024年 184卷 118-189页

作者： Kalousek, Martin Mitra, Sourav Necasova, Sarka Czech Acad Sci Inst Math Zitna 25 Prague 11567 Czech Republic IIT Indore Khandwa Rd Indore 453552 MP India

We analyze a system of PDEs governing the interaction between two compressible mutually noninteracting fluids and a shell of Koiter type encompassing a time dependent 3D domain filled by the fluids. The dynamics of the fluids is modeled by a system resembling compressible Navier-Stokes equations with a physically realistic pressure depending on densities of both the fluids. The shell possesses a non-linear, non-convex Koiter energy. Considering that the densities are comparable initially we prove the existence of a weak solution until the degeneracy of the energy or the self-intersection of the structure occurs for two cases. In the first case the adiabatic exponents are assumed to satisfy max{gamma, beta} > 2, min{gamma, beta} > 0, and the structure involved is assumed to be non-dissipative. For the second case we assume the critical case max{gamma, beta} >= 2 and min{gamma, beta} > 0 and the dissipativity of the structure. The result is achieved in several steps involving, extension of the physical domain, penalization of the interface condition, artificial regularization of the shell energy and the pressure, the almost compactness argument, added structural dissipation and suitable limit passages depending on uniform estimates. (c) 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Two-fluid model Global weak solutions

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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF fluid-structure interaction IN LINKED FLEXIBLE NET CAGES 40

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION IN...

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40th ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering (OMAE)

作者： Dong, Shuchuang Zhou, Jinxin Li, Qiao Yoshida, Takero Kitazawa, Daisuke Univ Tokyo Inst Ind Sci Kashiwa Chiba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9780791885154

In the present study, three flexible net cage groups (a single net cage, two net cages arrayed in one column, and three net cages arrayed in one column) were investigated in a flume tank, in order to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow and linked flexible net cage, such as the drag force, cage deformation, and flow field inside and around. Based on these results, the fluid-structure interactions of the flexible net cage were discussed. The drag forces and cage deformation of a single flexible net cage were first studied, and their relationships to the current speed were found consistent with existing literature. The averaged current speed inside the single net cage was 0.72 for all incoming current speeds. Furthermore, significant current speed reductions occurred behind the single net cage, at the downstream, for all incoming current speeds. Within the measurement range, the current speed reduction area downstream from the single net cage was almost as wide as the cage diameter, and the length was up to 1.4 times cage diameters along the incoming current direction. The location of this area gradually approached the water surface as the current speed increased. In the case of two flexible net cages arrayed in one column, the differences in drag force occurred when the distance between the two cages was changed. In addition, the current speed incident on the downstream cage tended to decrease, as the distance between the cages increased. The averaged current speeds incident on the downstream cage were 0.54, 0.44, 0.77, and 0.40 when the distances between two cages were 30.0 cm, 60.0 cm, and 90.0 cm, respectively. In the case of three flexible net cages arrayed in one column, the total drag force of three flexible net cages was 2.2 times that of a single net cage. On the other hand, at the maximum current speed of 50 cm/s, the cross-sectional areas of the first net cage, the second net cage, and the third net cage were 177.10 cm(2), 274.19 cm(2), and

关键词： Flume tank experiments fluid-structure interaction Flexible net cage Linked net cages

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Analysis of thermally activated fluid-structure interaction for a morphing plate immersed in turbulent flow

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 2022年 194卷

作者： Caccavale, Paolo Mele, Benedetto De Bonis, Maria Valeria Ruocco, Gianpaolo Univ Basilicata Coll Engn Via Ateneo Lucano I-85100 Potenza Italy Univ Federico II Ind Engn Dept Piazzale Tecchio I-80125 Naples Italy

In the framework of vehicle aerodynamics, new integrated systems can be developed based on shape memory metal alloys (SMAs) capability to perform surface morphing. Such systems can be exploited to create appendices containing active composites that change shape in response to variable thermal inputs, in relation to the desired aerodynamic behavior. The purpose of these systems is to offer benefits in terms of vehicle's performance and fuel consumption rate. Even the design of the simplest geometry appendix, a finite horizontal plate aligned with a turbulent air flow, is nevertheless affected by three intertwined and nonlinear phenomena - namely the solid/fluid/thermal interactions. In order to approach the definition of appropriate design parameters, the space of operating variables must be explored by devising a numerical simulation encompassing the equation of structural motion and the energy and Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations, complemented by a viable turbulence model. In this paper, a fully-coupled model encompassing all phenomena involved is tested by implementing a sensitivity analysis for a thermally activated morphing surface. Temperature, stress and velocity distributions are presented and discussed for a given geometry case. A new metrics leading to aerodynamic lift calculations is then proposed and demonstrated, that will simplify the preliminary design procedures. (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forced convection Conduction Conjugate heat transfer Computational fluid dynamics Shape memory alloy fluid-structure interaction

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Topology optimization of stationary fluid-structure interaction problems including large displacements via the TOBS-GT method

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STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION 2022年第11期65卷 337-337页

作者： Silva, K. E. S. Sivapuram, R. Ranjbarzadeh, S. Gioria, R. S. Silva, E. C. N. Picelli, R. Polytech Sch Univ Sao Paulo Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Calif San Diego Struct Engn Dept San Diego CA 92103 USA Univ Sao Paulo Dept Mechatron & Mech Syst Engn Polytech Sch Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Dept Min & Petr Engn Polytech Sch Sao Paulo Brazil

This paper addresses the topology optimization of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) systems considering large displacements. We consider the steady-state analysis of flexible structures in contact with a fluid flow governed by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The optimization method used in this work considers the physical analysis and optimization module in a decoupled form. The decoupled analysis allows the finite element problem to be meshed and solved accordingly to the physics requirements. Optimized geometry is constructed by reading and trimming out from an optimization grid described by a set of binary {0, 1} design variables. The method is so-called TOBS (Topology Optimization of Binary structures) with geometry trimming (TOBS-GT). Displacements are resolved using an elastic formulation with geometrical nonlinearities to allow for large deformations. The FSI system is solved by using finite elements and the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method. Low Reynolds numbers are assumed. The sensitivities are calculated using semi-automatic differentiation and interpolated to optimization grid points. In order to consider large displacements, a mapping between material and spatial coordinates is used to identify and track the deformed configuration of the structure. The optimized binary topology is found by using the standard TOBS approach (Sivapuram and Picelli in Finite Elem Anal Des 139:49-61, 2018) based on sequential integer linear programming. Numerical examples show that the TOBS-GT method can be effectively applied to design 2D and 3D structures in FSI problems including nonlinear structural responses.

关键词： Topology optimization fluid-structure interaction Binary design variables Large displacements

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An isogeometric b-rep mortar-based mapping method for non-matching grids in fluid-structure interaction

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ADVANCED MODELING AND SIMULATION IN ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2021年第1期8卷 1-55页

作者： Apostolatos, Andreas Emiroglu, Altug Shayegan, Shahrokh Pean, Fabien Bletzinger, Kai-Uwe Wuechner, Roland Tech Univ Munich Chair Struct Anal Arcisstr 21 D-80333 Munich Germany Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich Comp Vis Lab Sternwartstr 7 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland

In this study the isogeometric B-Rep mortar-based mapping method for geometry models stemming directly from Computer-Aided Design (CAD) is systematically augmented and applied to partitioned fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations. Thus, the newly proposed methodology is applied to geometries described by their Boundary Representation (B-Rep) in terms of trimmed multipatch Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) discretizations as standard in modern CAD. The proposed isogeometric B-Rep mortar-based mapping method is herein extended for the transformation of fields between a B-Rep model and a low order discrete surface representation of the geometry which typically results when the Finite Volume Method (FVM) or the Finite Element Method (FEM) are employed. This enables the transformation of such fields as tractions and displacements along the FSI interface when Isogeometric B-Rep Analysis (IBRA) is used for the structural discretization and the FVM is used for the fluid discretization. The latter allows for diverse discretization schemes between the structural and the fluid Boundary Value Problem (BVP), taking into consideration the special properties of each BVP separately while the constraints along the FSI interface are satisfied in an iterative manner within partitioned FSI. The proposed methodology can be exploited in FSI problems with an IBRA structural discretization or to FSI problems with a standard FEM structural discretization in the frame of the Exact Coupling Layer (ECL) where the interface fields are smoothed using the underlying B-Rep parametrization, thus taking advantage of the smoothness that the NURBS basis functions offer. All new developments are systematically investigated and demonstrated by FSI problems with lightweight structures whereby the underlying geometric parametrizations are directly taken from real-world CAD models, thus extending IBRA into coupled problems of the FSI type.

关键词： Mortar-based mapping Isogeometric B-Rep analysis Trimmed NURBS multipatches Exact coupling layer Penalty method fluid-structure interaction

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