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Developing the Actuator Disk Model to Predict the fluid-structure interaction in Numerical Simulation of Multimegawatt Wind Turbine Blades

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JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 2020年第3期142卷 031204页

作者： Behrouzifar, Ali Darbandi, Masoud Sharif Univ Technol Ctr Excellence Aerosp Syst Dept Aerosp Engn Tehran Iran

The fluid-structure interaction (FSI) is generally addressed in multimegawatt wind turbine calculations. From the fluid flow perspective, the semi-analytical approaches, like actuator disk (AD) model, were commonly used in wind turbine rotor calculations. Indeed, the AD model can effectively reduce the computational cost of full-scale numerical methods. Additionally, it can substantially improve the results of pure analytical methods. Despite its great advantages, the AD model has not been developed to simulate the FSI problem in wind turbine simulations. This study first examines the effect of constant (rigid) cone angle on the performance of the chosen benchmark wind turbine. As a major contribution, this work subsequently extends the rigid AD model to nonrigid applications to suitably simulate the FSI. The new developed AD-FSI solver uses the finite-volume method to calculate the aerodynamic loads and the beam theory to predict the structural behaviors. A benchmark megawatt wind turbine is simulated to examine the accuracy of the newly developed AD-FSI solver. Next, the results of this solver are compared with the results of other researchers, who applied various analytical and numerical methods to obtain their results. The comparisons indicate that the new developed solver calculates the aerodynamic loads reliably and predicts the blade deflection very accurately.

关键词： actuator disk model wind turbine flexible blade fluid-structure interaction blade element momentum theory numerical study renewable energy

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Cavitation bubble dynamics and structural loads of high-speed water entry of a cylinder using fluid-structure interaction method

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APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH 2020年 101卷 1页

作者： Sun, Tiezhi Zhou, Li Yin, Zhihong Zong, Zhi Dalian Univ Technol Sch Naval Architecture Dalian 116024 Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol State Key Lab Struct Anal Ind Equipment Dalian 116024 Peoples R China Collaborat Innovat Ctr Adv Ship & Deep Sea Explor Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Liaoning Lab Deep Sea Floating Struct Engn Dalian 116024 Peoples R China

This paper describes an investigation of the motion, structural response, and cavitation bubble evolution of a cylinder in the high-speed water entry (HSWE) process using a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) method. The effectiveness and accuracy of the FSI method are verified by comparison with experimental results available in the literature. The results show that the cylinder structure is deformed when considering the coupling effect between the fluid and the structure, and the impact load during water entry presents obvious fluctuation characteristics. Meanwhile, the von Mises stress distribution on the two end faces of the cylinder is in a ring shape and propagates as the structure deforms. Moreover, the cavitation bubble dynamics, motion and structural loads of the cylinder under different water entry velocities are investigated. The load at the initial stage is greater with the increase of the water entry velocity, which in turn leads to more significant fluctuation characteristics, thereby increasing the deformation of the structure.

关键词： High-speed water entry Cavitation bubble dynamics Structural loads fluid-structure interaction

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A New Turbulent Wall-Pressure Fluctuation Model for fluid-structure interaction

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JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 2020年第2期142卷 021018页

作者： Frendi, Abdelkader Zhang, Man Univ Alabama Huntsville Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Huntsville AL 35899 USA

Most fluid flows of practical applications are turbulent. In flows involving interactions with flexible structures, such as an aircraft skin, the knowledge of turbulent wall-pressure fluctuations is critical. Both measurements and direct numerical simulations of the wall-pressure fluctuations are difficult and costly. Therefore, the use of the semi-empirical turbulent wall-pressure fluctuation models is wide spread. One of the most widely used models is that due to Corcos (Resolution of Pressure in Turbulence," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 35(2), pp. 192-199). The biggest advantages of this model are simplicity and ease of use. However, the model has several weaknesses as well and therefore many models have been proposed to address them. In this paper, we briefly review existing models and then propose a model that remedies their weaknesses. The proposed model keeps the simplicity of the Corcos model and it is given in both space-frequency and wavenumber-frequency spaces. The new model accurately captures the convective peak and shows better agreement with experimental data at lower wavenumbers.

关键词： turbulent wall-pressure fluctuations wavenumber-frequency space-frequency fluid-structure interaction flow-induced noise and vibration structural acoustics

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An embedded Finite Element framework for the resolution of strongly coupled fluid-structure interaction problems. Application to volumetric and membrane-like structures

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COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING 2020年 368卷 113179-113179页

作者： Zorrilla, R. Rossi, R. Wuchner, R. Onate, E. Univ Politecn Catalunya UPC Dept Engn Civil & Ambiental Barcelona Spain Int Ctr Numer Methods Engn CIMNE Barcelona Spain Tech Univ Munich Lehrstuhl Stat Munich Germany

This work presents a fluid-structure interaction framework for the robust and efficient simulation of strongly coupled problems involving arbitrary large displacements and rotations. We focus on the application of the proposed tool to lightweight membrane-like structures. Nonetheless, all the techniques we present in this work can be applied to both volumetric and volumeless bodies. To achieve this, we rely on the use of embedded mesh methods in the fluid solver to conveniently handle the extremely large deflections and eventual topology changes of the structure. The coupling between the embedded fluid and mechanical solvers is based on an interface residual black-box strategy. We validate our proposal by solving reference benchmarking examples that consider both volumetric and volumeless geometries. Whenever it is possible, we also compare the embedded solution with the one obtained with our reference body fitted solver. Finally we present a real-life application of the presented embedded fluid-structure interaction solver. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Embedded Boundary Methods Level set methods Coupled problems Black-box coupling Volumeless bodies

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Modeling blood flow in viscoelastic vessels: the 1D augmented fluid-structure interaction system

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COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING 2020年第0期360卷 112772-000页

作者： Bertaglia, Giulia Caleffi, Valerio Valiani, Alessandro Univ Ferrara Dept Engn Via G Saragat 1 I-44122 Ferrara Italy

Nowadays mathematical models and numerical simulations are widely used in the field of hemodynamics, representing a valuable resource to better understand physiological and pathological processes in different medical sectors. The theory behind blood flow modeling is closely related to the study of incompressible flow through compliant thin-walled tubes, starting from the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Furthermore, the mechanical interaction between blood flow and vessels wall must be properly described by the model. Recent works showed the benefits of characterizing the rheology of the vessel wall through a viscoelastic law. Taking into account the viscous contribution of the wall material and not simply the elastic one leads to a more realistic representation of the vessel behavior, which manifests not only an instantaneous elastic strain but also a viscous damping effect on pulse pressure waves, coupled to energy losses. In this context, the aim of this work is to propose an easily extensible one-dimensional mathematical model able to accurately capture fluid-structure interactions. The originality of the model lies in the introduction of a viscoelastic tube law in PDE form, valid for both arterial and venous networks, leading to an augmented fluid-structure interaction system. In contrast to well established mathematical models, the proposed one is natively hyperbolic. The model is solved with an efficient and robust second-order numerical scheme;the time integration is based on an Implicit-Explicit Runge-Kutta scheme conceived for applications to hyperbolic systems with stiff relaxation terms. The validation of the proposed model is performed on several different test cases. Results obtained in Riemann problems, adopting a simple elastic tube law for the characterization of the vessel wall, are compared with available exact solutions. To validate the contribution given by the viscoelastic term, the Method of Manufactured Solutions has been applied. Spec

关键词： Blood flow equations Compliant vessels Viscoelastic effects fluid-structure interaction Finite volume methods IMEX Runge-Kutta schemes

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Using intravascular ultrasound image-based fluid-structure interaction models and machine learning methods to predict human coronary plaque vulnerability change

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COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2020年第15期23卷 1267-1276页

作者： Wang, Liang Tang, Dalin Maehara, Akiko Wu, Zheyang Yang, Chun Muccigrosso, David Matsumura, Mitsuaki Zheng, Jie Bach, Richard Billiar, Kristen L. Stone, Gregg W. Mintz, Gary S. Southeast Univ Sch Biol Sci & Med Engn Nanjing Peoples R China Worcester Polytech Inst Dept Math Sci Worcester MA 01609 USA Columbia Univ Cardiovasc Res Fdn New York NY USA Washington Univ Mallinckrodt Inst Radiol St Louis MO USA Washington Univ Sch Med Div Cardiovasc St Louis MO 63110 USA Worcester Polytech Inst Dept Biomed Engn Worcester MA 01609 USA

Plaque vulnerability prediction is of great importance in cardiovascular research. In vivo follow-up intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) coronary plaque data were acquired from nine patients to construct fluid-structure interaction models to obtain plaque biomechanical conditions. Morphological plaque vulnerability index (MPVI) was defined to measure plaque vulnerability. The generalized linear mixed regression model (GLMM), support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) were introduced to predict MPVI change (Delta MPVI = MPVIfollow-up-MPVIbaseline) using ten risk factors at baseline. The combination of mean wall thickness, lumen area, plaque area, critical plaque wall stress, and MPVI was the best predictor using RF with the highest prediction accuracy 91.47%, compared to 90.78% from SVM, and 85.56% from GLMM. Machine learning method (RF) improved the prediction accuracy by 5.91% over that from GLMM. MPVI was the best single risk factor using both GLMM (82.09%) and RF (78.53%) while plaque area was the best using SVM (81.29%).

关键词： Coronary artery disease fluid-structure interaction machine learning plaque vulnerability prediction intravascular ultrasound

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Topology optimization of binary structures under design-dependent fluid-structure interaction loads

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STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION 2020年第4期62卷 2101-2116页

作者： Picelli, R. Ranjbarzadeh, S. Sivapuram, R. Gioria, R. S. Silva, E. C. N. Univ Sao Paulo Dept Min & Petr Engn Praca Narciso Andrade S-N BR-11013560 Santos SP Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Dept Mechatron & Mech Syst Engn Av Prof Mello Moraes 2231 BR-05508030 Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Calif San Diego Dept Struct Engn 9500 Gilman Dr La Jolla CA 92093 USA

A current challenge for the structural topology optimization methods is the development of trustful techniques to account for different physics interactions. This paper devises a technique that considers separate physics analysis and optimization within the context of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) systems. Steady-state laminar flow and small structural displacements are assumed. We solve the compliance minimization problem subject to single or multiple volume constraints considering design-dependent FSI loads. For that, the TOBS (topology optimization of binary structures) method is applied. The TOBS approach uses binary {0,1} design variables, which can be advantageous when dealing with design-dependent physics interactions, e.g., in cases where fluid-structure boundaries are allowed to change during optimization. The COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to solve the fluid-structure equations and output the sensitivities using automatic differentiation. The TOBS optimizer provides a new set of {0,1} variables at every iteration. Numerical examples show smoothly converged solutions.

关键词： Topology optimization fluid-structure interaction Laminar flow Small displacements Binary variables Design-dependent loads COMSOL multiphysics

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A multi-vector interface quasi-Newton method with linear complexity for partitioned fluid-structure interaction

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COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING 2020年 361卷 112810-000页

作者： Spenke, Thomas Hosters, Norbert Behr, Marek Rhein Westfal TH Aachen CCES Chair Computat Anal Tech Syst CATS D-52062 Aachen Germany

In recent years, interface quasi-Newton methods have gained growing attention in the fluid-structure interaction community by significantly improving partitioned solution schemes: They not only help to control the inherent added-mass instability, but also prove to substantially speed up the coupling's convergence. In this work, we present a novel variant: The key idea is to build on the multi-vector Jacobian update scheme first presented by Bogaers et al. (2014) and avoid any explicit representation of the (inverse) Jacobian approximation, since it slows down the solution for large systems. Instead, all terms involving a quadratic complexity have been systematically eliminated. The result is a new multi-vector interface quasi-Newton variant whose computational cost scales linearly with the problem size. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Interface quasi-Newton methods Partitioned algorithm

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Analysis of temperature-sensitive hydrogel microvalves in a T-junction flow sorter using full scale fluid-structure interaction

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JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND structureS 2020年第11期31卷 1371-1382页

作者： Khanjani, Elham Kargar-Estahbanaty, Arash Taheri, Ali Baghani, Mostafa Univ Tehran Coll Engn Sch Mech Engn Tehran Iran Univ Calif Riverside Marlan & Rosemary Bourns Coll Engn Riverside CA 92521 USA Univ Larestan Mech Engn Dept Azadi Blvd Lar *** Iran

Hydrogels have attracted attention in microfluidic applications as sensors and actuators due to their ability to undergo huge volume changes when subjected to environmental stimuli. In this study, a T-junction flow sorter is numerically investigated. Each of the branches involves one hydrogel microvalve with reverse sensitivity to temperature changes. The valve's functionality is studied with and without considering fluid-structure interaction for various inlet pressures. The results of fluid-structure interaction and non-fluid-structure interaction solutions, such as fluid flow rate and valves close temperature, are presented and compared. In order to reduce hydrogel's response time, the solution is employed for multiple valves patterns. It can be concluded that the hydrogel deformation due to the fluid pressure has a significant effect on the valves' operational parameters which cannot be ignored in design and analysis.

关键词： temperature-sensitive hydrogel flow sorter microvalve fluid-structure interaction finite element method

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A mass-spring fluid-structure interaction solver: Application to flexible revolving wings

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COMPUTERS & fluidS 2020年第0期200卷 104426-000页

作者： Hung Truong Engels, Thomas Kolomenskiy, Dmitry Schneider, Kai Aix Marseille Univ Cent Marseille CNRS I2M UMR 7373 39 Rue Joliot Curie F-13451 Marseille 20 France Ecole Normale Super PSL LMD IPSL 24 Rue Lhomond F-75231 Paris 05 France Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol JAMSTEC Kanazawa Ku 3173-25 Showa Machi Yokohama Kanagawa 2360001 Japan

The secret to the spectacular flight capabilities of flapping insects lies in their wings, which are often approximated as flat, rigid plates. Real wings are however delicate structures, composed of veins and membranes, and can undergo significant deformation. In the present work, we present detailed numerical simulations of such deformable wings. Our results are obtained with a fluid-structure interaction solver, coupling a mass-spring model for the flexible wing with a pseudo-spectral code solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We impose the no-slip boundary condition through the volume penalization method;the time-dependent complex geometry is then completely described by a mask function. This allows solving the governing equations of the fluid on a regular Cartesian grid. Our implementation for massively parallel computers allows us to perform high resolution computations with up to 500 million grid points. The mass-spring model uses a functional approach, thus modeling the different mechanical behaviors of the veins and the membranes of the wing. We perform a series of numerical simulations of a flexible revolving bumblebee wing at a Reynolds number Re = 1800. In order to assess the influence of wing flexibility on the aerodynamics, we vary the elasticity parameters and study rigid, flexible and highly flexible wing models. Code validation is carried out by computing classical benchmarks. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Insect flight Wing elasticity Mass-spring model fluid-structure interaction Spectral method Volume penalization method

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