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Three-dimensional modeling of Marfan syndrome with elastic and hyperelastic materials assumptions using fluid-structure interaction

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BIO-MEDICAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING 2019年第3期30卷 255-266页

作者： Rahmani, Shahrokh Jarrahi, Amin Saed, Behdad Navidbakhsh, Mahdi Farjpour, Hekmat Alizadeh, Mansour Iran Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mech Engn Tehran 16846 Iran Iran Univ Sci & Technol Sch Civil Engn Tehran Iran

Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disorder of the connective tissue. It most prominently influences the skeletal, cardiovascular, and ocular systems, but all fibrous connective tissue throughout the body can be affected as well. Objective: This study aims to investigate a realistic three-dimensional model of an aorta of a specific patient suffering from MFS by considering elastic and hyperelastic materials for the tissue using fluid-structure interaction (FSI). Methods: Isotropic linear elastic and Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic assumptions are implemented. Linear and nonlinear mechanical properties of the aneurysmal MFS aortic tissue are derived from an uniaxial experimental test. Results: Vortex generation in the vicinity of the aneurysm region in both elastic and hyperelastic models and the maximum blood velocity at peak flow time is calculated as 0.517 and 0.533 m/s for the two materials, respectively. The blood pressure is not significantly different between the two models (+/- 8 Pa) and the blood pressure difference between the points in the horizontal plane of the aneurysm region is obtained as +/- 10 Pa for both models. The maximum von Mises stress for the hyperelastic model (2.19 MPa) is 27% more than the elastic one (1.72 MPa) and takes place at the inner curvature and upper part of the aorta and somehow far from the aneurysm region. The wall shear stress (WSS) is also considered for the elastic and hyperelastic assumptions, which is 36.7 Pa for both elastic and hyperelastic models. Conclusion: The aneurysm region in the MFS affects the blood flow and causes the vortex to be generated which consequently affects the blood flow in the downstream by adding some perturbations to the blood flow. The WSS is obtained to be lower in the aneurysm region compared to other regions which indicated vascular remodeling.

关键词： Marfan syndrome fluid-structure interaction hyperelastic von Mises stress wall shear stress

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Comparison of a fixed-grid and arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian methods on modelling fluid-structure interaction of the aortic valve

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART H-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE 2019年第5期233卷 544-553页

作者： Joda, Akram Jin, Zhongmin Summers, Jon Korossis, Sotirios Univ Leeds Inst Med & Biol Engn Leeds W Yorkshire England Loughborough Univ Wolfson Sch Mech Elect & Mfg Engn Ctr Biol Engn Cardiopulm Regenerat Engn CARE Grp Ashby Rd Loughborough LE11 3TU Leics England Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Mfg Syst Engn Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China Univ Leeds Inst Engn Thermofluids Surface & Interfaces Leeds W Yorkshire England Hannover Med Sch Dept Cardiothorac Transplantat & Vasc Surg Hannover Germany

This study was aimed at assessing the robustness of a fixed-grid fluid-structure interaction method (Multi-Material Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian) to modelling the two-dimensional native aortic valve dynamics and comparing it to the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. For the fixed-grid method, the explicit finite element solver LS-DYNA was utilized, where two independent meshes for the fluid and structure were generated and the penalty method was used to handle the coupling between the fluid and structure domains. For the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method, the implicit finite element solver ADINA was used where two separate conforming meshes were used for the valve structure and the fluid domains. The comparison demonstrated that both fluid-structure interaction methods predicted accurately the valve dynamics, fluid flow, and stress distribution, implying that fixed-grid methods can be used in situations where the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method fails.

关键词： Aortic valve fluid-structure interaction Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian fixed-grid FSI finite element

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Flow Analysis of A Pumping Tube for The Development of A Self-Inflating Tire Using fluid-structure interaction Analyses

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY 2019年第2期20卷 297-306页

作者： Lee, Chul Hyung Han, Myeong Jae Park, Tae Won Kim, Myeong Jun Sung, In Chul Jung, Sung Pil Ajou Univ Dept Mech Engn Suwon 16499 Gyeonggi South Korea Kumho Tire Dept NVH 215-21 Saeun Ro Yongin 17076 Gyeonggi South Korea Korea Automot Technol Inst Premium Vehicle R&D Ctr 303 Pungse Ro Cheonan Si 31214 Chungnam South Korea

In this study, flow analyses were conducted inside pumping tube based on fluid-structure interaction analyses. First, a Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) model was constructed for fluid-structure interaction analyses. The interaction analyses of the three types of pumping tubes proposed herein were conducted under the same conditions, and their efficiencies were compared. Eccentricity analyses were carried out to determine the degree of eccentricity that can be tolerated in the process by selecting the most efficient tube. Subsequently, tests were conducted using negative pressure measurement equipment and simulation modeling was compared and verified under the same conditions. In order to verify the performance of the self-inflating tire developed on this basis, durability and air pressure restoration tests were carried out.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction CAE Self-inflating tire Eccentricity Negative pressure

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Combined co-rotational beam/shell elements for fluid-structure interaction analysis of insect-like flapping wing

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NONLINEAR DYNAMICS 2019年第1期97卷 203-224页

作者： Cho, Haeseong Gong, DuHyun Lee, Namhun Shin, SanJoon Lee, Seungsoo Seoul Natl Univ Plus Transformat Training Program Creat Mech & Ae Inst Adv Machines & Design Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Seoul South Korea Hanwha Def Syst Res Inst Modeling & Simulat Team Changwon Si Gyeongsangnam D South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Inst Adv Aerosp Technol Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Seoul South Korea Inha Univ Dept Aerosp Engn Incheon South Korea

Flapping wing micro-air vehicles are biologically inspired by nature flyers, specifically insects and birds. Specifically, insect wings generally consist of veins and membrane components. In this study, a structural analysis considering the vein/membrane components of an insect-like flapping wing is presented. Co-rotational (CR) finite elements are adopted in order to consider the complex wing configuration including both vein and membrane. The CR beam elements with warping degrees of freedom are employed for veins and CR shell elements for the wing membrane. The present structural analysis is verified against the analytical results obtained by an existing software, and it is validated by comparison to existing results from the literature. A fluid-structure interaction analysis is then performed. In the procedure, an aerodynamic analysis based on three-dimensional preconditioned Navier-Stokes equations is employed. Finally, a comparative study with respect to the structural characteristics is conducted. As a result, an efficiency of the present structural analysis is confirmed by comparing with the existing software. It is found that the present FSI results are in good agreement with the existing experimental and numerical results. Moreover, the passive wing twist may have a significant influence on the hover performance.

关键词： Co-rotational beam and shell analysis fluid-structure interaction Insect-like flapping wing

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A stabilized TL-WC SPH approach with GPU acceleration for three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction

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JOURNAL OF fluidS AND structureS 2019年 86卷 329-353页

作者： Zhan, Ling Peng, Chong Zhang, Bingyin Wu, Wei Tsinghua Univ State Key Lab Hydrosci & Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China ESS Engn Software Steyr GmbH Berggasse 35 A-9400 Steyr Austria Univ Bodenkultur Inst Geotech A-1180 Vienna Austria

A coupled total Lagrangian (TL) and weakly compressible (WC) smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is presented to model three-dimensional fluid-structure interactions (FSI) with deformable structures. In the coupled TL-WC SPH, the fluid phase is simulated using WCSPH, while the structure solver is based on TLSPH. The three main deficiencies of solid simulation using conventional SPH, i.e. inconsistency, tensile instability and hourglass mode are circumvented in the stabilized TLSPH by means of corrected kernel gradient, Lagrangian kernel function and hourglass control technique, respectively. The resulted stabilized TLSPH is stable, accurate and has almost quadratic convergence rate in solid modeling. To increase the accuracy in FSI modeling, the delta-SPH technique is employed to improve the pressure results in the fluid phase. Based on the Adami boundary condition (Adami et al., 2012), a unified framework for modeling solid boundaries and the fluidstructure interfaces is presented. Furthermore, the GPU parallelization is employed to accelerate the proposed TL-WC SPH method for higher efficiency. The coupled method is employed to simulate problems of pure fluid flow, elastic solids with large deformation and fluid-structure interaction with deformable structures. The numerical results are compared with analytical solutions and results from literature. The GPU efficiency and speed-up compared with CPU implementations are analyzed. The novelty of this work consists: (1) three-dimensional SPH modeling of FSI problems with deformable structures, (2) stabilized structure simulation free of hourglass mode, (3) a unified framework for FSI problems taking advantages of delta-SPH, TLSPH, hourglass control, and GPU acceleration. Importantly, with the hourglass control technique proposed by Ganzenmuller (2015), stresses can be captured accurately in the TL-WC SPH-based FSI simulations. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Smoothed particle hydrodynamics Lagrangian kernel Hourglass control fluid-structure interaction GPU acceleration

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Numerical simulation of two-phase non-Newtonian blood flow with fluid-structure interaction in aortic dissection

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COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2019年第6期22卷 620-630页

作者： Qiao, Yonghui Zeng, Yujie Ding, Ying Fan, Jianren Luo, Kun Zhu, Ting Zhejiang Univ State Key Lab Clean Energy Utilizat Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Fudan Univ Dept Radiol Zhongshan Hosp Shanghai Peoples R China Fudan Univ Dept Vasc Surg Zhongshan Hosp Shanghai Peoples R China

The behavior of blood cells and vessel compliance significantly influence hemodynamic parameters, which are closely related to the development of aortic dissection. Here the two-phase non-Newtonian model and the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) method are coupled to simulate blood flow in a patient-specific dissected aorta. Moreover, three-element Windkessel model is applied to reproduce physiological pressure waves. Important hemodynamic indicators, such as the spatial distribution of red blood cells (RBCs) and vessel wall displacement, which greatly influence the hemodynamic characteristics are analyzed. Results show that the proximal false lumen near the entry tear appears to be a vortex zone with a relatively lower volume fraction of RBCs, a low time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) and a high oscillatory shear index (OSI), providing a suitable physical environment for the formation of atherosclerosis. The highest TAWSS is located in the narrow area of the distal true lumen which might cause further dilation. TAWSS distributions in the FSI model and the rigid wall model show similar trend, while there is a significant difference for the OSI distributions. We suggest that an integrated model is essential to simulate blood flow in a more realistic physiological environment with the ultimate aim of guiding clinical treatment.

关键词： Aortic dissection two-phase blood flow fluid-structure interaction computational fluid dynamics Windkessel model

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Simultaneous finite element analysis of circuit-integrated piezoelectric energy harvesting from fluid-structure interaction

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MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2019年 114卷 259-274页

作者： Ravi, Srivathsan Zilian, Andreas Univ Luxembourg Inst Computat Engn 6 Ave Fonte L-4362 Esch Sur Alzette Luxembourg

Flow-driven piezoelectric energy harvesting is a strongly coupled multiphysics phenomenon that involves complex three-way interaction between the fluid flow, the electromechanical effect of the piezoelectric material mounted on a deformable substrate structure and the controlling electrical circuit. High fidelity computational solution approaches are essential for the analysis of flow-driven energy harvesters in order to capture the main physical aspects of the coupled problem and to accurately predict the power output of a harvester. While there are some phenomenological and numerical models for flow-driven harvesters reported in the literature, a fully three-dimensional strongly coupled model has not yet been developed, especially in the context of flow-driven energy harvesting. The weighted residuals method is applied to establish a mixed integral equation describing the incompressible Newtonian flow, elastic substrate structure, piezoelectric patch, equipotential electrode and attached electric circuit that form the multiphysics fluid-structure interaction problem. A monolithic numerical solution method is derived that provides consistent and simultaneous solution to all physical fields as well as to fluid mesh deformation. The approximate solution is based on a mixed space-time finite element discretization with static condensation of the auxiliary fields. The discontinuous Galerkin method is utilized for integrating the monolithic model in time. The proposed solution scheme is illustrated in the example of a lid driven cavity with a flexible piezoelectric bottom wall, demonstrating quantification of the amount of electrical energy extractable from fluid flow by means of a piezoelectric harvester device. The results indicate that in order to make reliable predictions on the power output under varying operational states, the realization of strong multiphysics coupling is required for the mathematical model as well as the numerical solution scheme to capture the

关键词： Energy harvesting fluid-structure interaction Space-time finite element method Monolithic coupling

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Risk of rupture of the cerebral aneurysm in relation to traumatic brain injury using a patient-specific fluid-structure interaction model

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COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2019年 176卷 9-16页

作者： Razaghi, Reza Biglari, Hasan Karimi, Alireza Univ Tabriz Dept Mech Engn Tabriz 51666 Iran Kyushu Univ Dept Mech Engn Nishi Ku 744 Motooka Fukuoka Fukuoka 8190395 Japan

Background and objective: Cerebral aneurysm, which is defined as one of the weakened area in the wall of an artery in the brain, ruptures when wall tension exceeds its mechanical strength. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) by exerting a sudden impact load to the brain can lead to mechanical failure of the cerebral blood vessels followed by an alteration in not only the structure but also the function of the cerebrovascular. TBI also alters the hemodynamics of the blood flow in the cerebrovascular, while it has been shown that hemodynamics has a key asset in the progression and rupture of the cerebral aneurysms. So far, there is a lack of knowledge on the risk of rupture of the cerebral aneurysm in relation to TBI. Therefore, this study aimed to calculate the mechanical stresses and deformations in the arterial wall as well as the pressure and velocity of the blood using a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model of the cerebral aneurysm located in the anterior circulation region of the circle of Willis. Method: A patient-specific FSI model of the human skull, brain, and cerebral aneurysm, was established using human computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and subjected to a frontal TBI. Results: The results revealed considerable increasing of similar to 8 kPa (60 mmHg) and 0.40 m/s in the pressure and velocity of the blood in the intraluminal of the cerebral artery after TBI. The von Mises stress, shear stress, and deformation of the cerebral aneurysm wall also showed the increasing of 56.03 kPa, 15.66 Pa, and 0.072 mm after TBI, respectively. Conclusions: Although the injury to the aneurysm wall after TBI is lower than that of the aneurysm wall mechanical strength, it still can alter the stress pattern in the wall and disrupt the hemodynamics of the blood. These results have implications in understanding the rupture risk of the cerebral aneurysm due to TBI, which may contribute in establishing preventive and/or treatment methods. (C) 2019 Elsevier

关键词： Cerebral aneurysm Traumatic brain injury fluid-structure interaction Stress Deformation

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Investigation on noise of rotary compressors using fluid-structure interaction

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JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019年第11期33卷 5129-5135页

作者： Jang, Seokjong Choung, Hanahchim Park, Seoryong Lee, Soogab Seoul Natl Univ Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn AeroAcoust & Noise Control Lab Seoul 151744 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Ctr Environm Noise & Vibrat Res Engn Res Inst Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Seoul 151744 South Korea

Air conditioners consist of heat exchangers, fans, motors and compressors as major components. From the viewpoint of noise, the compressor occupies a very large portion. In this study, rotary compressor which is mainly used in domestic air conditioner was discussed. The noise generated from the rotary compressor can be classified into pressure pulsation of the refrigerant and structural vibration. During the operation of the compressor, the behavior of the refrigerant and the internal structure of the compressor strongly interact with each other. Therefore, an integrated interpretation is required when analyzing from the viewpoint of refrigerant. In this study, the rotary compressor behavior is implemented using the FSI technique and the noise and valve behavior with and without discharge muffler are analyzed.

关键词： Rotary compressor fluid-structure interaction Muffler Noise Reed valve

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A fidelity fluid-structure interaction model for vertical axis tidal turbines in turbulence flows

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APPLIED ENERGY 2019年 236卷 465-477页

作者： Yang, P. Xiang, J. Fang, F. Pain, C. C. Imperial Coll London Dept Earth Sci & Engn Appl Modelling & Computat Grp Prince Consort Rd London SW7 2AZ England

Tidal energy is now considered as a renewable power source worldwide that can be used to reduce global warming. In order to harvest the tidal current power, horizontal and vertical axis tidal turbines (VATTs) have recently received increasing interests. To implement the detailed design process, the power outputs of 2D and 3D VATTs are simulated by a novel fidelity fluid-structure turbulence model in this work. This model is capable of simulating the fluid dynamics of the turbulent flow, as well as the stress, vibration, deformation, and motion of structures. Most importantly, flow-induced vibration for 3D VATTs is modelled by this model. In order to improve the computational efficiency, a large aspect ratio anisotropic mesh adaptivity is used to speed up simulations. The simulation results of these complex practical test cases are all in good agreement with experimental and numerical data in the literature. The model can be used to accurately predict the power output of VATTs, which can help to choose design configurations with high power output efficiency. More importantly, this model can be used to predict the flow-induced vibration of 3D VATTs, which can help to design VATTs with low vibration. Finally, the comparison between flexible and rigid VATTs shows the advantages of this model which demonstrates its capabilities when analysing the elasticities for realistic VATTs.

关键词： Vertical axis tidal turbine fluid-structure interaction Turbulence model Flow-induced vibration Elasticity

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