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Influence of fluid-structure interaction on vortex induced vibration and lock-in phenomena in long span bridges

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 363-384页

作者： Nazim Abdui NARIMAN Institute of Structural Mechanics Faculty of Civil Engineering Bauhaus University Weimar Weimar 99423 Germany

In this paper, deck models of a cable stayed bridge are generated in ABAQUS-finite element program once using only CFD model （one-way fluid-structure interaction） and another by using both the CFD model and the CSD model together （two-way fluid-structure interaction） in a co-simulation. Shedding frequencies for the associated wind velocities in the lock-in region are calculated in both approaches. The results are validated with Simiu and Scanlan results. The lift and drag coefficients are determined for the two approaches and the latter results are validated with the flat plate theory results by Munson and coauthors. A decrease in the critical wind velocity and the shedding frequencies considering two-way approach was determined compared to those obtained in the one-way approach. The results of the lift and drag forces in the two-way approach showed appreciable decrease in their values. It was concluded that the two-way approach predicts earlier vortex induced vibration for lower critical wind velocities and lock-in phenomena will appear at lower natural frequencies of the long span bridges. This helps the designers to efficiently plan and consider for the design and safety of the long span bridge against this type of vibration.

关键词： vortex-induced vibration fluid-structure interaction Strouhal number lock-in kinetic energy

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Analysis of space mapping algorithms for application to partitioned fluid-structure interaction problems

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING 2016年第2期105卷 138-160页

作者： Florentie, Liesbeth Blom, David S. Scholcz, Thomas P. van Zuijlen, Alexander H. Bijl, Hester Delft Univ Technol Fac Aerosp Engn Kluyverweg 1 NL-2629 HS Delft Netherlands

fluid-structure interactions (FSI) play a crucial role in many engineering fields. However, the computational cost associated with high-fidelity aeroelastic models currently precludes their direct use in industry, especially for strong interactions. The strongly coupled segregated problem-that results from domain partitioning-can be interpreted as an optimization problem of a fluid-structure interface residual. Multi-fidelity optimization techniques can therefore directly be applied to this problem in order to obtain the solution efficiently. In previous work, it is already shown that aggressive space mapping (ASM) can be used in this context. In this contribution, we extend the research towards the use of space mapping for FSI simulations. We investigate the performance of two other approaches, generalized space mapping and output space mapping, by application to both compressible and incompressible 2D problems. Moreover, an analysis of the influence of the applied low-fidelity model on the achievable speedup is presented. The results indicate that output space mapping is a viable alternative to ASM when applied in the context of solver coupling for partitioned FSI, showing similar performance as ASM and resulting in reductions in computational cost up to 50% with respect to the reference quasi-Newton method. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： space mapping fluid-structure interaction partitioned coupling multi-fidelity modeling

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Two forms forms of continuum shape sensitivity method for fluid-structure interaction problems

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JOURNAL OF fluidS AND structureS 2016年 62卷 46-64页

作者： Liu, Shaobin Canfield, Robert A. Virginia Tech Dept Aerosp & Ocean Engn 214 Randolph Hall Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

Continuum Sensitivity Equation (CSE) methods for deriving and computing derivatives with respect to shape design variables are developed in two forms and compared in their application to fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems. The local derivative form poses the CSEs in terms of the partial derivatives of the state variables with respect to shape parameters, while the CSEs in total derivative form are posed in terms of the total derivative, also known as the material or substantial derivative. In the literature CSEs are often posed in local form for fluids and total form for solids. The two forms are compared here for the purpose of applying a single form to both fluid and structure domains. The local form, also known as the boundary velocity method, requires design velocity only at the boundaries and interfaces of the domains to pose the CSEs. In contrast, the total form, also known as the domain velocity method, requires the design velocity in the whole domain. The local form requires higher-order spatial derivatives of the analysis solution than the total form, which affects the accuracy of its results. Higher order p-elements are shown to be a remedy to the inaccuracy of local form CSE seen in the literature for finite element solutions. The practicality, accuracy, and efficiency of these two CSE forms are compared based on the implementation and computed derivatives for three examples: a linear Timoshenko beam subject to a tip force, fluid flow around an airfoil, and an airfoil attached to a nonlinear joined beam subject to a gust load. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Shape sensitivity analysis Continuum sensitivity equation method fluid-structure interaction Design optimization

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Optimal design of an aerostatic spindle based on fluid-structure interaction method and its verification

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART J-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TRIBOLOGY 2016年第6期230卷 690-696页

作者： Lu, Lihua Chen, Wanqun Wu, Bin Gao, Qiang Wu, Quanhui Harbin Inst Technol Ctr Precis Engn POB 413 Harbin 150001 Peoples R China

The aerostatic spindle is made up of the structure components and the fluid film. The interaction between them has important influence on the comprehensive performance of the spindle. This paper presents a new design method of aerostatic spindle based on the fluid-structure interaction method. The changes of bearing clearance caused by the structure deformation under high-pressure fluid film are considered, and the static performances of the bearing are obtained. In order to improve the performance of the spindle, the structural parameters of the bearing are optimized. The proposed design method is implemented through a self-developed aerostatic spindle.

关键词： Air bearing stiffness fluid-structure interaction ultra-precision machining optimal design

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Theoretical and numerical investigation on the leakage characteristics of brush seals based on fluid-structure interaction

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AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016年 58卷 207-216页

作者： Sun, Dan Liu, Ning-Ning Fei, Cheng-Wei Hu, Guang-Yang Ai, Yan-Ting Choy, Yat-Sze Shenyang Aerosp Univ Liaoning Key Lab Adv Test Technol Aerosp Prop Sys Shenyang 110136 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Energy & Power Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Mech Engn Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China AVIC Shenyang Engine Design & Res Inst Shenyang 110015 Peoples R China

This paper investigates the leakage characteristics of brush seals including the flow field characteristic of brush seal and the effects of structural parameters on the leakage characteristic of brush seals with the consideration of bristle deflection. The flow field characteristic of brush seal was discussed based on three-dimensional (3-D) computational model of brush seal, two-way fluid-structure interaction and moving grid technique. Then the effect of structural parameters on the leakage characteristic of brush seals was investigated from theoretical and numerical simulation perspectives with the emphasis on an improved prediction formula of leakage flow rate of brush seals. As illustrated in the analysis of the leakage characteristics of brush seals, (1) the leakage with the influence of bristle deflection is closer to the results of experiment relative to that without bristle deflection, and increases with the increasing inlet/outlet pressure ratios, which validate the developed 3-D computational model with bristle deflection to be more reasonable;(2) the flow field characteristics (pressure and velocity) of brush seal are revealed reasonably;(3) with the increasing of the height of backing plate fence, the clearance of brush wire and the axial clearance between brush bristle and back plate, the leakage factor rises and then reaches a stable value when the clearance of brush is larger than 0.3 mm;moreover, (4) with the increase of brush wire diameter, the leakage factor decreases firstly and then tends to stabilization, while rapidly decreases at first, then slowly decreases, and lastly tends to a value when the bristle row number increases;(5) the reliability and accuracy of the proposed prediction equation for brush seals is validated to be high by the CFD computational results. The efforts of this paper provide a useful theoretical and numerical method to clearly understand the leakage characteristics of brush seal, which is beneficial to improve the desig

关键词： Brush seals Bristle deflection fluid-structure interaction Flow field characteristic Leakage characteristic

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A study on slamming pressure on a flat stiffened plate considering fluid-structure interaction

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JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016年第2期21卷 309-324页

作者： Cheon, Jin Sol Jang, Beom-Seon Yim, Ki Ho Lee, HoSeong Daniel Koo, Bon-Yong Ju, Hanbaek Seoul Natl Univ Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ RIMSE Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn Seoul South Korea Amer Bur Shipping Houston TX USA Amer Bur Shipping Busan South Korea

Normally, the design slamming pressure on the bottom of a semi-submersible-type floating rig is determined in a simple way using the relative speed obtained from an air-gap analysis. However, few studies have taken a thorough, robust, and deep-background approach to the estimation of design pressure. To investigate the slamming pressure on the bottom of a semi-submersible rig, a simplified deformable stiffened plate of a zero-degree deadrise angle is simulated using the nonlinear FEM software LS-DYNA, which can take the influence of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) into account. Various parametric studies are carried out to examine the effects of structural flexibility, coupling stiffness, mesh size, velocity, stiffener size, and air cushion. The pressure response on the plate by the coupling of fluid and structure is studied and the FSI effect of each parameter is discussed. Then, equivalent transient and static loads that result in the same maximum or permanent deformation as FSI are evaluated for design purposes through a series of parametric studies.

关键词： Slamming Flat stiffened plate fluid-structure interaction

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Evaluation of a coupling interface for solving fluid-structure interaction problems

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS B-fluidS 2016年 58卷 117-126页

作者： Garelli, Luciano Schauer, Marco Rios Rodriguez, Gustavo Langer, Sabine C. Storti, Mario A. CIMEC UNL CONICET RA-3000 Santa Fe Argentina Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig Inst Stat Beethovenstr 51 D-38106 Braunschweig Germany Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig Inst Konstrukt Tech Langer Kamp 8 D-38106 Braunschweig Germany

This research work evaluates the performance of a fluid structure interaction (FSI) solver, which is created using a generic interface to couple two independent software packages. The basic idea is to combine the advantages of the two independent codes to create a powerful FSI solver for two and three dimensional FSI analysis using the concept of modular programming. A detailed description about the implementation of an interface to couple a three-field system involved in the analysis is given, and this developed interface can be generalized to others codes. Since solving complex FSI problems is very time consuming, the focus of this work is placed on the performance of the coupled solver, for which a FSI benchmark will be solved on a computer cluster in order to measure speed up and efficiency. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scalability fluid-structure interaction Partitioned coupling

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A locally anisotropic fluid-structure interaction remeshing strategy for thin structures with application to a hinged rigid leaflet

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING 2016年第2期107卷 155-180页

作者： Auricchio, Ferdinando Lefieux, Adrien Reali, Alessandro Veneziani, Alessandro Univ Pavia Dipartimento Ingn Civile & Architettura DICAr Pavia Italy CNR IMATI Pavia Italy Tech Univ Munich Inst Adv Study Lichtenbergstr D-85748 Garching Germany Emory Univ Dept Math & Comp Sci MathCS Atlanta GA 30322 USA

An immersed finite element fluid-structure interaction algorithm with an anisotropic remeshing strategy for thin rigid structures is presented in two dimensions. One specific feature of the algorithm consists of remeshing only the fluid elements that are cut by the solid such that they fit the solid geometry. This approach allows to keep the initial (given) fluid mesh during the entire simulation while remeshing is performed locally. Furthermore, constraints between the fluid and the solid may be directly enforced with both an essential treatment and elements allowing the stress to be discontinuous across the structure. Remeshed elements may be strongly anisotropic. Classical interpolation schemes - inf-sup stable on isotropic meshes - may be unstable on anisotropic ones. We specifically focus on a proper finite element pair choice. As for the time advancing of the fluid-structure interaction solver, we perform a geometrical linearization with a sequential solution of fluid and structure in a backward Euler framework. Using the proposed methodology, we extensively address the motion of a hinged rigid leaflet. Numerical tests demonstrate that some finite element pairs are inf-sup unstable with our algorithm, in particular with a discontinuous pressure. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： finite elements fluid-structure interaction thin structures rigid leaflet inf-sup stability strongly coupled

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Impact dynamics and puncture failure of pressurized tank cars with fluid-structure interaction: A multiphase modeling approach

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING 2016年 90卷 12-25页

作者： Yu, Hailing Jeong, David Y. US Dept Transportat Struct & Dynam Div Volpe Natl Transportat Syst Ctr 55 Broadway Cambridge MA 02142 USA

This paper presents a computational framework that analyzes the effect of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) on the impact dynamics and puncture failure of pressurized commodity tank cars carrying hazardous materials. Shell (side) impact tests have been conducted on full scale tank cars resulting in deformed or punctured tank cars. A finite element (FE) modeling method is applied that explicitly simulates the three distinct phases in a tank car loaded with a liquefied substance: pressurized gas, pressurized liquid and solid structure. Furthermore, an equivalent plastic strain based fracture initiation criterion expressed as a function of stress triaxiality is adopted to depict the fracture behavior of the tank car steel material. The fracture initiation is implemented for ductile, shear and mixed fracture modes and followed by further material deterioration governed by a strain softening law. The force, displacement and impact energy results obtained from the FE analysis show good agreement with the corresponding shell impact test data. The simulations demonstrate that FSI plays a critical role in predicting the correct dynamics of tank car impact. The puncture resistance of a tank car, characterized as limit impact conditions in terms of puncture energy or puncture velocity, is further analyzed in shell impact scenarios. The puncture energy is shown to increase as the initial fluid pressure decreases, the tank car thickness increases or the effective impactor size increases. Quantitative correlations between puncture energy/velocity and each of these factors are obtained using the FE analysis method developed in this paper. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Railroad hazmat tank car shell impact test Impact dynamics Puncture failure Stress triaxiality dependent fracture criterion fluid-structure interaction

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A Nonlinear fluid-structure interaction Problem in Compliant Arteries Treated with Vascular Stents

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APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND OPTIMIZATION 2016年第3期73卷 433-473页

作者： Bukac, Martina Canic, Suncica Muha, Boris Univ Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA Univ Houston Houston TX USA Univ Zagreb Zagreb 41000 Croatia

We study a nonlinear fluid-structure interaction problem between an incompressible, viscous fluid in 3D and an elastic structure whose Lame elastic parameters, thickness and density are all functions of space allowing jump discontinuities. This problem is motivated by studying the interaction between blood flow and arterial walls treated with vascular prostheses called stents. A stent is a metallic mesh-like tube used to prop the clogged arteries open. The Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible, viscous fluid are used to model blood flow, and the cylindrical Koiter shell equations with discontinuous coefficients are used to model the elastic properties of arterial walls treated with stents. The fluid and structure are coupled via two coupling conditions evaluated at the moving fluid-structure interface. No assumption on axial symmetry is used in the model. We prove the existence of a weak solution to the underlying nonlinear 3D moving-boundary problem, and design a loosely-coupled partitioned scheme (beta-scheme) for its solution. The numerical scheme was motivated by the main steps in the constructive existence proof. The existence proof shows that the proposed numerical beta-scheme converges to a weak solution of the nonlinear problem. This is the first convergence result for the proposed partitioned beta-scheme. Several numerical examples are presented where different stent configurations are considered. The numerical fluid-structure interaction solutions clearly show that the presence of a stent induces wave reflections in arterial walls, and significant flow disturbances, especially near the proximal site of the stent.

关键词： fluid-structure interaction Nonlinear moving-boundary problem Existence of a solution Cardiovascular stents Kinematically coupled beta-scheme

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