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A Calculus for Uniform feature Composition

ACM TRANSACTIONS ON programming LANGUAGES AND SYSTEMS 2010年第5期32卷 19-19.33页

作者： Apel, Sven Hutchins, Delesley Univ Passau Dept Math & Informat D-94032 Passau Germany MZA Associates Corp Albuquerque NM 87106 USA

The goal of feature-oriented programming (FOP) is to modularize software systems in terms of features. A feature refines the content of a base program. Both base programs and features may contain various kinds of software artifacts, for example, source code in different languages, models, build scripts, and documentation. We and others have noticed that when composing features, different kinds of software artifacts can be refined in a uniform way, regardless of what they represent. We present gDEEP, a core calculus for feature composition, which captures the language independence of FOP;it can be used to compose features containing many different kinds of artifact in a type-safe way. The calculus allows us to gain insight into the principles of FOP and to define general algorithms for feature composition and validation. We provide the formal syntax, operational semantics, and type system of gDEEP and outline how languages like Java, Haskell, Bali, and XML can be plugged in.

关键词： Design Languages Theory feature-oriented programming feature composition type systems principle of uniformity

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Type safety for feature-oriented product lines

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AUTOMATED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2010年第3期17卷 251-300页

作者： Apel, Sven Kaestner, Christian Groesslinger, Armin Lengauer, Christian Univ Passau Dept Math & Informat Passau Germany Univ Magdeburg Sch Comp Sci D-39106 Magdeburg Germany

A feature-oriented product line is a family of programs that share a common set of features. A feature implements a stakeholder's requirement and represents a design decision or configuration option. When added to a program, a feature involves the introduction of new structures, such as classes and methods, and the refinement of existing ones, such as extending methods. A feature-oriented decomposition enables a generator to create an executable program by composing feature code solely on the basis of the feature selection of a user-no other information needed. A key challenge of product line engineering is to guarantee that only well-typed programs are generated. As the number of valid feature combinations grows combinatorially with the number of features, it is not feasible to type check all programs individually. The only feasible approach is to have a type system check the entire code base of the feature-oriented product line. We have developed such a type system on the basis of a formal model of a feature-oriented Java-like language. The type system guaranties type safety for feature-oriented product lines. That is, it ensures that every valid program of a well-typed product line is well-typed. Our formal model including type system is sound and complete.

关键词： feature featherweight Java feature-oriented programming Software product lines Type systems Safe composition

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Extending AspectJ for Separating Regions 09

Extending AspectJ for Separating Regions

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8th International Conference on Generative programming and Component Engineering

作者： Akai, Shumpei Chiba, Shigeru Tokyo Inst Technol Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781605584942

Synchronization is a good candidate for an aspect in aspect-oriented programming (AOP) since programmers have to choose the best granularity of synchronization for the underlying hardware to obtain the best execution performance. If synchronization is an aspect, programmers can change the synchronization code independently of the rest of the program when the program runs on different hardware. However, existing AOP languages such as AspectJ have problems. They cannot select an arbitrary code region as a join point. Moreover, they cannot enforce weaving of a synchronization aspect. Since it is an alternative feature in feature modeling, at least one of available synchronization aspects must be woven. Otherwise, the program would be thread-unsafe. Since an aspect in AspectJ is inherently optional, programmers must be responsible for weaving it. To solve these problems, this paper proposes two new constructs for AspectJ, region cut and assertions for advice. Regioncut selects arbitrary code region as a join point and assertion for advice enforces weaving a mandatory advice. We implemented these constructs by extending the AspectBench compiler. We evaluated the design of our constructs by applying them to two open-source software products, Javassist and Hadoop.

关键词： Languages Design Aspect-oriented programming feature-oriented programming Region Synchronization

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Safe Composition of Non-Monotonic features 09

Safe Composition of Non-Monotonic Features

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8th International Conference on Generative programming and Component Engineering

作者： Kuhlemann, Martin Batory, Don Kaestner, Christian Univ Magdeburg Fac Comp Sci D-39106 Magdeburg Germany Univ Texas Austin Dept Comp Sci Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605584942

Programs can be composed from features. We want to verify automatically that all legal combinations of features can be composed safely without errors. Prior work on this problem assumed that features add code monotonically. We generalize prior work to enable features to add and remove code, describe our analyses and implementation, and review case studies. We observe that more expressive features increase the complexity of developed programs rapidly - up to the point where tools and automated concepts as presented in this paper are indispensable for verification.

关键词： Verification design feature-oriented programming safe composition refactoring AHEAD

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feature Diagrams for Change-oriented programming

Feature Diagrams for Change-Oriented Programming

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10th International Conference on feature Interactions in Telecommunications and Software Systems

作者： Ebraert, Peter Classen, Andreas Heymans, Patrick D'Hondt, Theo Vrije Univ Brussel Dept Comp Sci B-1050 Brussels Belgium Univ Namur Fac Comp Sci PReCISE Res Ctr B-5000 Namur Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781607500148

The idea of feature-oriented programming is to map requirements to features, concepts that can be composed to form a software product. Change-oriented programming (ChOP), in which features are seen as sets of changes that can be applied to a base program, has recently been proposed as an approach to FOP. Changes are recorded as the programmer works and can encapsulate any developer action, including the removing of code. Before changes can be combined to form a product, it has to be verified that there are no harmful interactions between selected changes. There exists, however, no formal model of the current approach that may serve as a reference specification for ChOP implementations. In an effort to fill this gap, we propose a formal model of ChOP, which, as we will show, maps to the well-understood notion of feature diagram. Thanks to this, we can reuse a number of results in feature diagram research and apply them to ChOP.

关键词： Formal Methods feature-oriented programming feature Diagrams Software Product Lines

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Tailor-made data management for embedded systems: A case study on Berkeley DB

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DATA & KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING 2009年第12期68卷 1493-1512页

作者： Rosenmueller, Marko Apel, Sven Leich, Thomas Saake, Gunter Univ Magdeburg Sch Comp Sci D-39106 Magdeburg Germany Univ Passau Dept Math & Informat Passau Germany Metop Res Inst Magdeburg Germany

Applications in the domain of embedded systems are diverse and store an increasing amount of data. In order to satisfy the varying requirements of these applications, data management functionality is needed that can be tailored to the applications' needs. Furthermore, the resource restrictions of embedded systems imply a need for data management that is customized to the hardware platform. In this paper, we present an approach for decomposing data management software for embedded systems using feature-oriented programming. The result of such a decomposition is a software product line that allows us to generate tailor-made data management systems. While existing approaches for tailoring software have significant drawbacks regarding customizability and performance, a feature-oriented approach overcomes these limitations, as we will demonstrate. In a non-trivial case study on Berkeley DB, we evaluate our approach and compare it to other approaches for tailoring DBMS. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tailor-made data management Embedded systems Software product lines feature-oriented programming featureC plus

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A New Method for Component Reuse

A New Method for Component Reuse

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology

作者： He, Jianli Chen, Rong Gu, Weinan Tongji Univ Syst Software Engn Ctr Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424445189

Achieving software reuse is a fundamental problem in software engineering. Component-based development (CBD) is widely accepted as a promising approach for software reuse. Current methods for component reuse concentrate primarily on the component consumer perspective, which are lack of the potential for component evolution itself. This paper proposes two complementary approaches to reusing existing components: binary class-level inheritance and feature composition. To meet variability requirements, a new component can be derived across component module from an old component. Furthermore, to narrow the gulf between the user and the developer perspectives, the system features are decomposed into a set of independent feature components that can be plugged into running object. The design and implementation method on component platform is presented. At last, this paper introduces the graphic user interface and mobile telephone projects development experiments that show the two approaches contribute to reuse.

关键词： Object-orientation programming Component-based development Software reuse Binary class-level inheritance feature-oriented programming feature composition

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A New Method for Component Reuse

A New Method for Component Reuse

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2009 2nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology(第二届计算机科学与信息技术国际会议 ICCSIT2009)

作者： Jianli He Rong Chen Weinan Gu System Software Engineering Centre of Tongji University Shanghai China 200092

关键词： Object-orientation programming Componentbased development Software reuse Binary class-level inheritance feature-oriented programming feature composition

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A New Method for Component Reuse

A New Method for Component Reuse

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2009 2nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology（ICCSIT 2009）

作者： Jianli He,Rong Chen,Weinan Gu System Software Engineering Centre of Tongji University,Shanghai,China,200092

Achieving software reuse is a fundamental problem in software ***-based development (CBD) is widely accepted as a promising approach for software *** methods for component reuse concentrate primarily on the component consumer perspective,which are lack of the potential for component evolution *** paper proposes two complementary approaches to reusing existing components:binary class-level inheritance and feature *** meet variability requirements,a new component can be derived across component module from an old ***,to narrow the gulf between the user and the developer perspectives,the system features are decomposed into a set of independent feature components that can be plugged into running *** design and implementation method on component platform is *** last,this paper introduces the graphic user interface and mobile telephone projects development experiments that show the two approaches contribute to reuse.

关键词： Object-orientation programming Component- based development Software reuse Binary class-level inheritance feature-oriented programming feature composition

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Aspectual feature modules

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2008年第2期34卷 162-180页

作者： Apel, Sven Leich, Thomas Saake, Gunter Univ Passau Dept Math & Informat D-94030 Passau Germany Metop Res Inst Dept Appl Informat D-39106 Magdeburg Germany Univ Magdeburg Sch Comp Sci D-39106 Magdeburg Germany

Two programming paradigms are gaining attention in the overlapping fields of software product lines (SPLs) and incremental software development (ISD). feature-oriented programming (FOP) aims at large-scale compositional programming and feature modularity in SPLs using ISD. Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) focuses on the modularization of crosscutting concerns in complex software. Although feature modules, the main abstraction mechanisms of FOP, perform well in implementing large-scale software building blocks, they are incapable of modularizing certain kinds of crosscutting concerns. This weakness is exactly the strength of aspects, the main abstraction mechanisms of AOP. We contribute a systematic evaluation and comparison of FOP and AOP. It reveals that aspects and feature modules are complementary techniques. Consequently, we propose the symbiosis of FOP and AOP and aspectual feature modules (AFMs), a programming technique that integrates feature modules and aspects. We provide a set of tools that support implementing AFMs on top of Java and C++. We apply AFMs to a nontrivial case study demonstrating their practical applicability and to justify our design choices.

关键词： feature-oriented programming aspect-oriented programming software product lines incremental software development collaboration-based design separation of concerns crosscutting modularity

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