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featureIDE: An extensible framework for feature-oriented software development

SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING 2014年 79卷 70-85页

作者： Thuema, Thomas Kaestner, Christian Benduhn, Fabian Meinicke, Jens Saake, Gunter Leich, Thomas Univ Magdeburg D-39106 Magdeburg Germany Univ Marburg D-35032 Marburg Germany METOP GmbH Magdeburg Germany

featureIDE is an open-source framework for feature-oriented software development (FOSD) based on Eclipse. FOSD is a paradigm for the construction, customization, and synthesis of software systems. Code artifacts are mapped to features, and a customized software system can be generated given a selection of features. The set of software systems that can be generated is called a software product line (SPL). featureIDE supports several FOSD implementation techniques such as feature-oriented programming, aspect-oriented programming, delta-oriented programming, and preprocessors. All phases of FOSD are supported in featureIDE, namely domain analysis, requirements analysis, domain implementation, and software generation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： feature-oriented software development software product lines feature modeling feature-oriented programming Aspect-oriented programming Delta-oriented programming Preprocessors Tool support

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Applying a feature-oriented software development Approach to Model Interaction Diversity 23

Applying a Feature-Oriented Software Development Approach to...

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Conference on Mensch und Computer (MuC) - Building Bridges

作者： Gollasch, David Weber, Gerhard Tech Univ Dresden Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798400707711

This research introduces a novel modelling approach based on methods from feature-oriented software development, aimed at enhancing accessibility and diversity in interactive systems. The method integrates user requirements, particularly accessibility and sensitivity to diversity, into software family development. Utilizing a user model subtree, it allows for customization based on users' needs, constraints, and preferences. A prototypical demonstration is shown through a voice user interface of an assistance robot. Despite an overall satisfying success rate of 96%, results suggest the quality of configuration slightly decreases with an increasing number of user constraints. This innovative approach offers significant potential, especially given the growing need for personalized human-computer interaction in our ageing society. However, it also prompts further research questions, such as its adaptability to non-software family systems and quality of configuration via smart AI models.

关键词： feature-oriented software development Adaptive Systems Accessibility

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On the fulfillment of coordination requirements in open-source software projects: An exploratory study

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EMPIRICAL software ENGINEERING 2020年第6期25卷 4379-4426页

作者： Hunsen, Claus Siegmund, Janet Apel, Sven Univ Passau Passau Germany Tech Univ Chemnitz Chemnitz Germany Saarland Univ Saarland Informat Campus Saarbrucken Germany

In large-scale open-source software projects, where developers are often distributed across the entire planet, coordination among developers is crucial. To estimate whether a state ofsocio-technical congruenceis achieved, which is associated with software quality and project success, we assess the alignment of collaboration and communication in such software projects in terms ofcoordination requirements. By means of an empirical study on a substantial set of large-scale open-source software projects-the development histories of all projects sum up to over 180 years-we aim at shedding light on this issue. To this end, to take a more semantic view on this phenomenon in comparison to previous work, we do not only identify coordination requirements arising from files and functions only, but also those arising from features. We found that open-source developers fulfill coordination requirements intentionally, but mostly those coordination requirements that arise from coupled source-code artifacts, while they resolve simpler ones independently. Furthermore, neither of the considered abstraction levels of source-code artifacts (files, functions, features) is more suitable to construct coordination requirements with respect to their fulfillment. This finding strongly indicates that features do not play an as important role in the development process as expected and commonly believed by the research community in the area of feature-oriented and feature-driven development. Finally, we identified notable evolutionary trends in the fulfillment of coordination requirements and showed that far-reaching social events (such as organizational issues) have a huge impact on their fulfillment, both negatively and positively. The key findings of our empirical study are that socio-technical relations are important to understand open-source development communities and that the incorporation of different abstraction levels for developer collaboration does yield important insights to furthe

关键词： Coordination requirements Socio-technical congruence features Social-network analysis Coronet Codeface Open-source software systems Configurable systems software product lines feature-oriented software development

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SPL Conqueror: Toward optimization of non-functional properties in software product lines

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software QUALITY JOURNAL 2012年第3-4期20卷 487-517页

作者： Siegmund, Norbert Rosenmueller, Marko Kuhlemann, Martin Kaestner, Christian Apel, Sven Saake, Gunter Univ Magdeburg Database Work Grp Fac Comp Sci D-39106 Magdeburg Germany Univ Marburg Marburg Germany Univ Passau Passau Germany

A software product line (SPL) is a family of related programs of a domain. The programs of an SPL are distinguished in terms of features, which are end-user visible characteristics of programs. Based on a selection of features, stakeholders can derive tailor-made programs that satisfy functional requirements. Besides functional requirements, different application scenarios raise the need for optimizing non-functional properties of a variant. The diversity of application scenarios leads to heterogeneous optimization goals with respect to non-functional properties (e.g., performance vs. footprint vs. energy optimized variants). Hence, an SPL has to satisfy different and sometimes contradicting requirements regarding non-functional properties. Usually, the actually required non-functional properties are not known before product derivation and can vary for each application scenario and customer. Allowing stakeholders to derive optimized variants requires us to measure non-functional properties after the SPL is developed. Unfortunately, the high variability provided by SPLs complicates measurement and optimization of non-functional properties due to a large variant space. With SPL Conqueror, we provide a holistic approach to optimize non-functional properties in SPL engineering. We show how non-functional properties can be qualitatively specified and quantitatively measured in the context of SPLs. Furthermore, we discuss the variant-derivation process in SPL Conqueror that reduces the effort of computing an optimal variant. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach by means of nine case studies of a broad range of application domains (e.g., database management and operating systems). Moreover, we show that SPL Conqueror is implementation and language independent by using SPLs that are implemented with different mechanisms, such as conditional compilation and feature-oriented programming.

关键词： software product lines Non-functional properties feature-oriented software development Measurement and optimization SPL Conqueror

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Comparing the influence of using feature-oriented programming and conditional compilation on comprehending feature-oriented software

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EMPIRICAL software ENGINEERING 2019年第3期24卷 1226-1258页

作者： Santos, Alcemir Rodrigues Machado, Ivan do Carmo de Almeida, Eduardo Santana Siegmund, Janet Apel, Sven Univ Fed Bahia Salvador BA Brazil Univ Fed Bahia Dept Comp Sci Salvador BA Brazil Univ Passau Chair Software Prod Lines Passau Germany

Several variability representations have been proposed over the years. software maintenance in the presence of variability is known to be hard. One of the reasons is that maintenance tasks require a large amount of cognitive effort for program comprehension. In fact, the different ways of representing variability in source code might influence the comprehension process in different ways. Despite the differences, there is little evidence about how these variability representations - such as conditional-compilation directives or feature-oriented programming - influence program comprehension. Existing research has focused primarily on either understanding how code using modern paradigms evolves compared to the traditional way of realizing variability, namely conditional compilation, or on the aspects influencing the comprehension of conditional compilation only. We used two different programs implemented in Java and each of these variability representations. As Java does not support conditional compilation natively, we relied on the mimicking (i.e., preprocessing annotations in comments) that has been used in the literature. Our results show no significant statistical differences regarding the evaluated measures (correctness, understanding, or response time) in the tasks. Our heterogeneous sample allowed us to produce evidence about the influence of using CC and FOP variability representations on the aspects involved in the comprehension of feature-oriented software, while addressing bug-finding tasks.

关键词： Quasi-experiments Replication feature-oriented software development featureHouse Conditional compilation Graduate students

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An algebraic foundation for automatic feature-based program synthesis

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING 2010年第11期75卷 1022-1047页

作者： Apel, Sven Lengauer, Christian Moeller, Bernhard Kaestner, Christian Univ Passau Dept Math & Informat Passau Germany Univ Augsburg Inst Comp Sci D-8900 Augsburg Germany Univ Magdeburg Sch Comp Sci D-39106 Magdeburg Germany

feature-oriented software development provides a multitude of formalisms, methods, languages, and tools for building variable, customizable, and extensible software. Along different lines of research, different notions of a feature have been developed. Although these notions have similar goals, no common basis for evaluation, comparison, and integration exists. We present a feature algebra that captures the key ideas of feature orientation and that provides a common ground for current and future research in this field, on which also alternative options can be explored. Furthermore, our algebraic framework is meant to serve as a basis for the development of the technology of automatic feature-based program synthesis and architectural metaprogramming. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： feature-oriented software development Automatic feature-based program synthesis Architectural metaprogramming feature structure tree feature composition Superimposition Quantification Weaving feature algebra Quark model

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feature Cohesion in software Product Lines: An Exploratory Study 11

Feature Cohesion in Software Product Lines: An Exploratory S...

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33rd International Conference on software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： Apel, Sven Beyer, Dirk Univ Passau Passau Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450304450

software product lines gain momentum in research and industry. Many product-line approaches use features as a central abstraction mechanism. feature-oriented software development aims at encapsulating features in cohesive units to support program comprehension, variability, and reuse. Surprisingly, not much is known about the characteristics of cohesion in feature-oriented product lines, although proper cohesion is of special interest in product-line engineering due to its focus on variability and reuse. To fill this gap, we conduct an exploratory study on forty software product lines of different sizes and domains. A distinguishing property of our approach is that we use both classic software measures and novel measures that are based on distances in clustering layouts, which can be used also for visual exploration of product-line architectures. This way, we can draw a holistic picture of feature cohesion. In our exploratory study, we found several interesting correlations (e. g., between development process and feature cohesion) and we discuss insights and perspectives of investigating feature cohesion (e. g., regarding feature interfaces and programming style).

关键词： feature-oriented software development software Product Lines feature Cohesion Visual Clustering featureVISU

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Clean Your Variable Code with featureIDE 18

Clean Your Variable Code with FeatureIDE

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22nd International Systems and software Product Line Conference (SPLC)

作者： Thuem, Thomas Krieter, Sebastian Leich, Thomas TU Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany Univ Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany Metop GmbH Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450364645

featureIDE is an open-source framework to model, develop, and analyze feature-oriented software product lines. It is mainly developed in a cooperation between TU Braunschweig, University of Magdeburg, and Metop GmbH. Nevertheless, many other institutions contributed to it in the past decade. Goal of this tutorial is to illustrate how featureIDE can be used to clean variable code, whereas we will focus on dependencies in feature models and on variability implemented with preprocessors. The hands-on tutorial will be highly interactive and is devoted to practitioners facing problems with variability, lecturers teaching product lines, and researchers who want to save resources in building product-line tools based on the featureIDE infrastructure.

关键词： software product lines feature-oriented software development feature modeling configuration preprocessors integrated development environment Eclipse

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Formal Verification for feature-based Composition of Workflows 14

Formal Verification for Feature-based Composition of Workflo...

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14th European Dependable Computing Conference (EDCC)

作者： Adelsberger, Stephan Igried, Bashar Moser, Markus Savenkov, Vadim Setzer, Anton Vienna Univ Econ Dept Informat Syst Vienna Austria Hashemite Univ Fac Informat Technol Zarqa Jordan Swansea Univ Dept Comp Sci Swansea W Glam Wales

ISBN: (纸本)9781538680605

We present featureAgda, a framework for specifying and proving properties of feature-based composition of workflows implemented in the feature-oriented software Production Lines paradigm. The resulting workflows allow for adaptation at runtime by changing the set of enabled features. Our framework is based on Agda, which is both a theorem prover and a programming language. Specifically, it relies on dependent types to support the modular definition of features. While promoting the separation of concerns, we obtain a single artefact written entirely in Agda, allowing family-level formal verification. As a practical application of our approach, we demonstrate a case study from the healthcare domain that implements a complex medication prescription workflow. Our setting allows the workflow to be changed to accommodate the needs of a particular doctor or clinic while having trustworthiness through formal verification.

关键词： feature-oriented software development Agda theorem proving dependable software family-level formal verification verification of workflows formal verification software product line (SPL) dynamic software product line (DSPL)

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Dynamic Visualisation of features and Contexts for Context-oriented Programmers 19

Dynamic Visualisation of Features and Contexts for Context-O...

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11th ACM SIGCHI Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems (EICS)

作者： Duhoux, Benoit Dumas, Bruno Leung, Hoo Sing Mens, Kim Catholic Univ Louvain Louvain La Neuve Belgium Univ Namur Namur Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781450367455

Context-oriented programming languages allow programmers to develop context-aware systems that can adapt their behaviour dynamically upon changing contexts. Due to the highly dynamic nature of such systems and the many possible combinations of contexts to which such systems may adapt, developing such systems is hard. feature-based context-oriented programming helps tackle part of this complexity by modelling the possible contexts, and the different behavioural adaptations they can trigger, as separate feature models. Tools can also help developers address the underlying complexity of this approach. This paper presents a visualisation tool that is intricately related to the underlying architecture of a feature-based context-oriented programming language, and the context and feature models it uses. The visualisation confronts two hierarchical models (a context model and a feature model) and highlights the dependencies between them. An initial user study of the visualisation tool is performed to assess its usefulness and usability.

关键词： software visualisation context-oriented programming feature-oriented software development dynamic software adaptation

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