Historically, whenever a unique digital interface was needed, a unique piece of hardware was created. In the fieid of program loaders/verifiers this often led to large, heavy and expensive equipment to support aircraf...
详细信息
Historically, whenever a unique digital interface was needed, a unique piece of hardware was created. In the fieid of program loaders/verifiers this often led to large, heavy and expensive equipment to support aircraft platforms such as the F-16 and F-15. field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) can be used to create many different interfaces without the need for unique hardware. This paper explores the techniques used to develop interfaces using FPGAs and provide examples of how FPGAs have reduced the size, weight and cost of flight line test equipment over the last 9 years. New uses of FPGAs for future applications are explored, showing additional benefits and further cost savings. FPGAs may also be used to implement some standard interfaces such as IEEE-488, RS-422 and PC parallel ports. The benefits and risk of using FPGAs for these standard interfaces are evaluated.
A new way to reduce risk and time in system-level development while retaining a high level of logic integration lies in the use of field-programmablegatearrays (FPGAs). An FPGA is an application-specific IC (ASIC) t...
详细信息
A new way to reduce risk and time in system-level development while retaining a high level of logic integration lies in the use of field-programmablegatearrays (FPGAs). An FPGA is an application-specific IC (ASIC) that is configurable by the designer at his or her desk. FPGAs are one-time programmable devices that are developed using a standard computer-aided-engineering (CAE) system and Actel software. As in any technology, a design is captured and functionality simulated. After the net list is translated and package pins assigned, the design must be mapped to the physical device and a file for programming the device must be created. The use of FPGAs provides benefits during all the stages of development. During prototyping the devices provide working hardware rapidly without the cost and delay of wire-wrapped standard device technology, whether for a prototype or emulation of masked gatearrays. Software development can begin as soon as a device is programmed. The design of a simple microprocessor-based computer system is considered as an example of how FPGAs can be used throughout the development cycle.< >
In this paper we present a novel hardware/software approach to implement a highly accurate texture classification algorithm. We propose the use of field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to efficiently compute multiple...
详细信息
In this paper we present a novel hardware/software approach to implement a highly accurate texture classification algorithm. We propose the use of field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to efficiently compute multiple convolutions in parallel that is required by the spectral histogram representation we employ. The combination of custom hardware and software allows us to have a classifier that is able to achieve results of over 99% accuracy at a rate of roughly 6000 image classifications per second on a challenging real texture dataset.
This paper introduces the concept of "artificially intelligent parallel genetic algorithms", in the form of an artificial neural network, to provide a solution for the routing problem for FPGAs.
ISBN:
(纸本)9810475241
This paper introduces the concept of "artificially intelligent parallel genetic algorithms", in the form of an artificial neural network, to provide a solution for the routing problem for FPGAs.
This paper presents a methodology for production-time testing of (uncustomized) segmented channel field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) such as those manufactured by Actel. The principles of this methodology are base...
详细信息
This paper presents a methodology for production-time testing of (uncustomized) segmented channel field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) such as those manufactured by Actel. The principles of this methodology are based on configuring the uncommitted modules (made of sequential and combinational logic circuits) of the FPGA as a set of disjoint one-dimensional arrays similar to iterative logic arrays (ILAs). These arrays can then be tested by establishing appropriate conditions such as constant testability (C-testability). A design approach is proposed. This approach is based on adding a small circuitry (consisting of two transistors) between each pair of uncustomized modules in a row for establishing the ILA configuration as a one-dimensional unilateral array. It also requires the addition of a further primary pin. Features such as number of test vectors and hardware requirements (measured by the number of additional transistors and primary input/output pins) are analyzed; it is shown that the proposed design approach requires a considerably smaller number of test vectors (a reduction of more than two orders of magnitude) and hardware overhead for the testing circuitry (a reduction of 13.6%) than the original FPGA configuration of [Actel Corporation, FPGA Data Book and Design Guide, Sunnyvale]. The proposed approach requires 8+2n_f vectors for testing the uncommitted FPGA of [Actel Corporation, FPGA Data Book and Design Guide, Sunnyvale], where nf is the number of flip-flops (equal to the number of sequential modules for the FPGA of [Actel Corporation, FPGA Data Book and Design Guide, Sunnyvale]) in a row of the FPGA.
In the past and now measurements are carried out by EMI-receivers operating in frequency-domain. By a time-domain EMI (TDEMI) measurement system the measurement time can be reduced by several orders of magnitude. In t...
详细信息
In the past and now measurements are carried out by EMI-receivers operating in frequency-domain. By a time-domain EMI (TDEMI) measurement system the measurement time can be reduced by several orders of magnitude. In this paper a novel real-time TDEMI measurement system that uses a direct hardware implementation of the short time fast Fourier transform (STFFT) and the detector modes is described. The hardware implementation on field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) allows to process the input signal in realtime. By the continuous processing via the STFFT the IF-signal for selectable frequency can be provided as requested by CISPR 16-1-1. By simulations on a proposed FPGA it is shown that the measurement time can be reduced by a factor of about 2000 in comparison to conventional EMI receivers. The dynamic range of a fixed point FFT has been investigated and it has been shown that a 16-bit fixed point arithmetic is sufficient to fulfill the requirements according to the international EMC standards. EMI signals have been recorded and processed by a hardware model. The results have been compared with measurements obtained with a conventional EMI receiver in the frequency range 30 MHz - 1 GHz
A real-time fully parallelized fuzzy logic control chip has been designed and implemented in a Xillinx Spartan IIe fieldprogrammablegate Array. The current design handles two inputs and one output. Five membership f...
详细信息
A real-time fully parallelized fuzzy logic control chip has been designed and implemented in a Xillinx Spartan IIe fieldprogrammablegate Array. The current design handles two inputs and one output. Five membership functions are used to fuzzify each input signal, and five membership functions are used to defuzzify the output. Mamdani fuzzy inference is used to evaluate the 25 rules in the rule matrix. Two defuzzification schemes, weighted average and Hemmelman's average have been implemented and evaluated. Fuzzification, rule evaluation, and defuzzification are all performed in a parallel architecture that utilizes only combinational logic. Testing indicates a worst case delay of approximately 25 ns, although typical propagation delays are approximately 18 ns. The worst case delay corresponds to an effective throughput of one billion fuzzy logic inferences per second (one gigaFLIPS).
field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have emerged as the key technology for rapidly implementing digital circuits in VLSI. Much research has been done on their architecture and applications. One particularly importa...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0769518680
field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have emerged as the key technology for rapidly implementing digital circuits in VLSI. Much research has been done on their architecture and applications. One particularly important area of study is their routing implementation, which is greatly affected by the routing architecture and routing resources. This paper explores the effective utilization of a routing hierarchy that is present in the currently available commercial FPGAs. A stochastic model is adopted to investigate the routability on symmetrical FPGAs containing a routing resource hierarchy. The performance of our model is compared to that of an FPGA without a routing hierarchy. Experimental methods are used to determine the switch consumption of various routing resources. Results show that integrating a routing resource hierarchy into FPGAs causes a design to consume fewer routing resources. Consequently, the speed of designs implemented in such FPGAs can be greatly improved.
A two-step technology mapping algorithm for lookup-table-type FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays) is proposed. In the first step, the technology mapper attempts to minimize the total number of TLUs (table look-ups)...
详细信息
A two-step technology mapping algorithm for lookup-table-type FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays) is proposed. In the first step, the technology mapper attempts to minimize the total number of TLUs (table look-ups) used and the same time to keep the length of the critical path short. Then, it is followed by a rule-based postprocessor which maximally decreases the depth of a circuit. The good results obtained are attributed to the fact that the partitioning approach employed is tightly coupled with the size of the target TLU blocks.
This paper describes LURU, a methodology for FPGA combinational technology mapping through the parallel search capability of content-addressable memory (CAM). An overview was shown. First, a circuit is partitioned int...
详细信息
This paper describes LURU, a methodology for FPGA combinational technology mapping through the parallel search capability of content-addressable memory (CAM). An overview was shown. First, a circuit is partitioned into a set of subcircuits. Topologies of these subcircuits are described using textual string representations. A precomputed set of strings for the circuit topologies that can be contained in a LUT of K or fewer inputs can be matched against the circuit representation in parallel using the CAM . By using CAM, the search space is increased over traditional technology mapping algorithms. A final mapping is produced for an FPGA device consisting of a heterogeneous network of LUT's of K or fewer inputs
暂无评论