The elliptic curve cryptographic (ECC) technique is employed for various security standards like security key management, digital signature and data authentication. The ECC technique is capable of undertaking sequenti...
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The elliptic curve cryptographic (ECC) technique is employed for various security standards like security key management, digital signature and data authentication. The ECC technique is capable of undertaking sequential and equivalent mode processes through the unified design that is used equally for binary field and in the leading area of cryptosystems. Furthermore, a progressive transposition method and control information route are combined with the ECC mainframe, which offers efficient throughput, and adaptive calculation with low power. The dual-field Montgomery multiplier-carry save adder (DMM-CSA) structure is designed for the ECC system. The DMM structure has been developed using CSA in this method. The adder requires more number of Full Adders for the circuit design, which has occupied more area. To overcome this problem, this work introduces the dual field Vedic multiplier-look up table carry select adder (DVM-LCSLA) which is used to increase the performance of the ECC scheme for 256 bit. The first aim of the methods mentioned above is to develop a high-performance modular inversion for the ECC technique by employing application specified integrated chip and field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation with the help of Verilog code. FPGA results indicate the analysis of power utilization, time delay information and Hardware area overhead in DVM-LCSLA used in ECC system compared to the state-of-art methods.
The process of automation and monitoring in industrial control system involves the use of many types of sensors. A programmable logic controller plays an important role in the automation of the different processes in ...
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The process of automation and monitoring in industrial control system involves the use of many types of sensors. A programmable logic controller plays an important role in the automation of the different processes in the power plant system. The major control units are boiler for temperature and pressure, turbine for speed of motor, generator for voltage, conveyer belt for fuel. The power plant units are controlled using microcontrollers and PLCs, but FPGA can be the feasible solution. The paper focused on the design and simulation of hardware chip to monitor boiler, turbine, generator and conveyer belt. The hardware chip of the plant is designed in Xilinx Vivado Simulator 17.4 software using VHDL programming. The methodology includes VHDL code design, simulation, verification and testing on Virtex-5 FPGA hardware. The system has four independent buzzers used to indicate the status of the boiler, generator, turbine motor and conveyer belt in on/off conditions respectively. The GSM is used to display corresponding message on the mobile to know the status of the device in on/off condition. The system is very much helpful for the industries working on plant automation with FPGA hardware integration. (c) 2020 Korean Nuclear Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Particle filtering is very reliable in modelling non-Gaussian and non-linear elements of physical systems, which makes it ideal for tracking and localization applications. However, a major drawback of particle filters...
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Particle filtering is very reliable in modelling non-Gaussian and non-linear elements of physical systems, which makes it ideal for tracking and localization applications. However, a major drawback of particle filters is their computational complexity, which inhibits their use in real-time applications with conventional CPU or DSP based implementation schemes. The re-sampling step in the particle filters creates a computational bottleneck since it is inherently sequential and cannot be parallelized. This paper proposes a modification to the existing particle filter algorithm, which enables parallel re-sampling and reduces the effect of the re-sampling bottleneck. We then present a high-speed and dedicated hardware architecture incorporating pipe-lining and parallelization design strategies to supplement the modified algorithm and lower the execution time considerably. From an application standpoint, we propose a novel source localization model to estimate the position of a source in a noisy environment using the particle filter algorithm implemented on hardware. The design has been prototyped using Artix-7 field-programmablegatearray (FPGA), and resource utilization for the proposed system is presented. Further, we show the execution time and estimation accuracy of the high-speed architecture and observe a significant reduction in computational time. Our implementation of particle filters on FPGA is scalable and modular, with a low execution time of about 5 :62 mu s for processing 1024 particles (compared to 64 ms on Intel Core i7-7700 CPU with eight cores clocking at 3 :60 GHz) and can be deployed for real-time applications.
In this paper, we have addressed a speed-area efficient VLSI implementation of a cellular automaton (CA) based random number generator (RNG) on field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), in which each CA cell was propose...
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In this paper, we have addressed a speed-area efficient VLSI implementation of a cellular automaton (CA) based random number generator (RNG) on field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), in which each CA cell was proposed to be a multi-bit word in the original algorithm. This is in contrast to typical CA algorithms comprising one bit per CA cell. The original algorithm is shown favorable for FPGA implementations on adopting a fabric conscious approach involving instantiation of physical FPGA primitives. We have supplemented the original architecture with scan path and alternating logic to facilitate fault localization without area and delay overhead. The overheads have been carefully nullified by increasing the utilization ratio of the configured primitives, and exploiting the fast hard wired fabric of the FPGA. Generation of the hardware description of the RNG through Verilog has been automated. Our proposed designs outperform equivalent behavioral implementations expressed at higher levels of abstraction, both in speed and area. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Commercial equipment to detect backscattering LIDAR signals is extremely expensive and is not flexible, making it cost prohibitive and unpractical in the long-term for ad hoc detection systems where it is necessary to...
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Commercial equipment to detect backscattering LIDAR signals is extremely expensive and is not flexible, making it cost prohibitive and unpractical in the long-term for ad hoc detection systems where it is necessary to perform continuous improvement in the field and/or depending on the application. In this paper the development, construction and evaluation of a data acquisition system based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology to capture and process backscattering LIDAR signals is presented. The system performance was evaluated using laboratory generated signals which resulted in a similar performance compared with commercial equipment. Results obtained with the system were compared with several similar published implementations in order to contrast several aspects of the systems. This comparison is encouraging since it shows that this kind of scientific-grade system can be implemented using the described approach thus reaching lower costs and, at the same time, gaining in modularity, reusability, reconfigurability and flexibility.
Background: Accurate and fast image registration (IR) is critical during surgical interventions where the ultrasound (US) modality is used for image-guided intervention. Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based IR met...
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Background: Accurate and fast image registration (IR) is critical during surgical interventions where the ultrasound (US) modality is used for image-guided intervention. Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based IR methods have resulted in applications that respond faster than traditional iterative IR methods. However, general-purpose processors are unable to operate at the maximum speed possible for real-time CNN algorithms. Due to its reconfigurable structure and low power consumption, the field programmable gate array (FPGA) has gained prominence for accelerating the inference phase of CNN applications. Methods: This study proposes an FPGA-based ultrasound IR CNN (FUIR-CNN) to regress three rigid registration parameters from image pairs. To speed up the estimation process, the proposed design makes use of fixed-point data and parallel operations carried out by unrolling and pipelining techniques. Experiments were performed on three US datasets in real time using the xc7z020, and the xcku5p was also used during implementation. Results: The FUIR-CNN produced results for the inference phase 139 times faster than the software-based network while retaining a negligible drop in regression performance of under 200 MHz clock frequency. Conclusions: Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed end-to-end FPGA-based accelerated CNN achieves a negligible loss, a high speed for registration parameters, less power when compared to the CPU, and the potential for real-time medical imaging.
Stochastic computing using basic arithmetic logic elements based on stochastic bit sequences provides very beneficial solutions in terms of speed and hardware cost, relative to deterministic calculation. Studies for t...
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Stochastic computing using basic arithmetic logic elements based on stochastic bit sequences provides very beneficial solutions in terms of speed and hardware cost, relative to deterministic calculation. Studies for the realization of tangent hyperbolic and exponential functions used in the development of activation functions in Artificial Neural Networks by stochastic methods exist in the literature. The techniques presented using state transitions on finite state machines were constructed on the basis of two different forms of finite state machines, one-dimensional (Linear) and two-dimensional. In this analysis, in terms of both error rate and circuit cost, the advantageous two-dimensional finite state machines based stochastic computing approach for tangent hyperbolic and exponential functions is presented. The presented approach is implemented on field programmable gate array and the results are given for hardware simulation. The dataset used for the classification process in a decentralized smart grid control has been applied to the multilayer feedforward neural network and deterministic computing, for the stability classification which is carried out separately with the linear finite state machines based stochastic computing and the proposed 2D finite state machines based stochastic computing methods.
The increased need for renewable energy systems to generate power, store energy, and connect energy storage devices with applications has become a major challenge. Energy storage using batteries is most appropriate fo...
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The increased need for renewable energy systems to generate power, store energy, and connect energy storage devices with applications has become a major challenge. Energy storage using batteries is most appropriate for energy sources like solar, wind, etc. A non-isolated three-port DC-DC-converter energy conversion unit is implemented feeding the brushless DCmotor drive. In this paper, a non-isolated three-port converter is designed and simulated for battery energy storage, interfaced with an output drive. Based on the requirements, the power extracted from the solar panel during the daytime is used to charge the batteries through the three-port converter. The proposed three-port converter is analyzed in terms of operating principles and power flow. An FPGA-based NI LabView PXI with SbRio interface is used to develop the suggested approach's control hardware, and prototype model results are obtained to test the proposed three-port converter control system's effectiveness and practicality. The overall efficiency of the converter's output improves as a result. The success rate is 96.5 percent while charging an ESS, 98.1 percent when discharging an ESS, and 95.7 percent overall.
The successful use of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) devices on board space applications requires the use of fault mitigation methods because of the effects of space radiation in microelectronics devices. This study ...
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The successful use of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) devices on board space applications requires the use of fault mitigation methods because of the effects of space radiation in microelectronics devices. This study describes a scheme for the random injection of single event transients/upsets to evaluate the viability of employing COTS field programmable gate array for an onboard, low-complexity, remote-sensing image data compressor. The fault injection features are added to the application to be tested by modifying its hardware description language source code. Then the tests are executed by simulation, with or without the inclusion of fault mitigation methods, so that comparative evaluations can be quickly obtained. The evaluation results (robustness enhancement against area) of different fault mitigation methods are presented, with good estimates of the behaviour of the hardware implementation of the application in a space radiation environment.
In this study, with the aim of installing an object recognition algorithm on the hardware device of a service robot, we propose a Binarized Dual Stream VGG-16 (BDS-VGG16) network model to realize high-speed computatio...
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In this study, with the aim of installing an object recognition algorithm on the hardware device of a service robot, we propose a Binarized Dual Stream VGG-16 (BDS-VGG16) network model to realize high-speed computations and low power consumption. The BDS-VGG16 model has improved in terms of the object recognition accuracy by using not only RGB images but also depth images. It achieved a 99.3% accuracy in tests using an RGB-D Object Dataset. We have also confirmed that the proposed model can be installed in a field-programmablegatearray (FPGA). We have further installed BDS-VGG16 Tiny, a small BDS-VGG16 model in XCZU9EG, a system on a chip with a CPU and a middle-scale FPGA on a single chip that can be installed in robots. We have also integrated the BDS-VGG16 Tiny with a robot operating system. As a result, the BDS-VGG16 Tiny installed in the XCZU9EG FPGA realizes approximately 1.9-times more computations than the one installed in the graphics processing unit (GPU) with a power efficiency approximately 8-times higher than that installed in the GPU.
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