This report describes the realization of an embedded hardware system designed to perform fast control for an atomic force microscope (AFM). Traditional implementation of control algorithms for AFMs, either PC-based or...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781424453634
This report describes the realization of an embedded hardware system designed to perform fast control for an atomic force microscope (AFM). Traditional implementation of control algorithms for AFMs, either PC-based or DSP-based, does not meet the high-speed scanning requirement. Considering the capability of parallel computing, FPGA is employed to achieve real-time control for an AFM equipment. Specifically, in the designed embedded system, the hardware includes several key components of signal acquisition, signal conversion, data communication as well as the FPGA-based control law implementation. Besides higher control frequency, the designed FPGA-based embedded system provides a general platform for different advanced control strategies, on which a variety of control algorithms can be implemented and tested conveniently by replacing the codes in the software rather than changing hardware structure, due to the merit that FPGA can integrate internal CPU and it has a large number of logic cells and soft-cores. The widely utilized proportional-integral-derivative (PID) algorithm is chosen as an example to demonstrate the implementation of a controller by using powerful hardware description tools.
In this paper, the signal collected by WM8731 that is a high resolution analog to digital controller(ADC) is set to establish custom NIOS II central processing unit(CPU) and peripheral controlling in the system on a p...
详细信息
In this paper, the signal collected by WM8731 that is a high resolution analog to digital controller(ADC) is set to establish custom NIOS II central processing unit(CPU) and peripheral controlling in the system on a programmable chip(SOPC) Builder, systems developing tool, of Altera Quartus II that is a developing software. The design and realization of ADC based on FPGA is designed, ran, compiled and simulated in Quartus II. The Design and Realization of ADC Based on field programmable gate array(FPGA) combines the advantages of embedded system and FPGA and provides a new design method of digital signal processing system of high performance. The improved method is proved to be effective.
Side channel attacks can retrieve sensitive information from secured chips without any invasive procedures. Such a powerful attack is the Correlation Power Analysis (CPA), which makes use of the power traces to gain i...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781538616260
Side channel attacks can retrieve sensitive information from secured chips without any invasive procedures. Such a powerful attack is the Correlation Power Analysis (CPA), which makes use of the power traces to gain information regarding the processed data. This paper investigates its efficiency, having different FPGAs under test. The main characteristics of a suitable test environment are highlighted. Additionally, this paper proposes a countermeasure against this type of attack.
In this paper we present a model based on the parallel computational tool of cellular automata (CA) capable of simulating the process of disembarking in a small airplane seat layout, corresponding to Airbus A320/ Boei...
详细信息
In this paper we present a model based on the parallel computational tool of cellular automata (CA) capable of simulating the process of disembarking in a small airplane seat layout, corresponding to Airbus A320/ Boeing 737 layout, in search of ways to make it faster and safer under normal evacuation conditions, as well as emergency scenarios. The proposed model is highly customizable, with the number of exits, the walking speed of passengers, depending on their sex, age and height, and the effects of retrieving and carrying luggage. Additionally, the presence of obstacles in the aisles as well as the emergence of panic being parameters whose values can be varied in order to enlighten the disembarking and emergency evacuation processes are considered in detail. The simulation results were compared to existing aircraft disembarking and evacuation times and indicate the efficacy of the proposed model in investigating and revealing passenger attributes during these processes in all the examined cases. Moreover, we parallelized our code in order to run on a graphics processing unit (GPU) using the CUDA programming language, speeding up the simulation process. Finally, in order to present a fully dynamical anticipative real-time system helpful for decision-making we implemented the proposed CA model in a field programmable gate array (FPGA) device, and recreated the results given by the software simulations in a fraction of the time. We then compared and exported the performance results among a sequential software implementation, the implementation running on a GPU, and a hardware implementation, proving the consequent acceleration that results from the parallel CA implementation in specific hardware.
Direct Digital frequency Synthesis (DDS) has the characteristics of fast frequency conversion speed, high frequency stability, and low phase noise. In this paper, the field programmable gate array (FPGA) was chosen as...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781315265278;9781138029873
Direct Digital frequency Synthesis (DDS) has the characteristics of fast frequency conversion speed, high frequency stability, and low phase noise. In this paper, the field programmable gate array (FPGA) was chosen as the core chip to realize the design of the multifunctional signal source based on DDS technology. The signal source can generate five kinds of waveforms. They are respectively sine wave, square wave, triangle wave, increased saw tooth wave and decreased saw tooth wave. The frequency range of the output signals is 0 Hz similar to 1 MHz, and the amplitude range is 0 V similar to 12 V. The simulation and experimental results show that the signal source has such advantages as multifunctional waveform signal, stable waveform signal, low cost and programmability.
High level synthesis tools offered by either FPGA (field programmable gate array) vendors or from the public domain are evaluated in order to generate efficient and low complexity computational intelligence modules. T...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781538620595
High level synthesis tools offered by either FPGA (field programmable gate array) vendors or from the public domain are evaluated in order to generate efficient and low complexity computational intelligence modules. This paper reports specific issues and comparative synthesis results in implementing basic modules of the FSVC classifier (Fast Support Vector Classifier) and cellular automata starting from an algorithmic description in high level languages such as Python and C/C++. Two particular HLS tools were considered, namely VivadoHLS from Xilinx and MyHDL.
Inductor current in the high speed switching converters is used as a feedback signal for current mode control and over current fault protection. Sensing inductor current for the use of digital controllers require high...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509029983
Inductor current in the high speed switching converters is used as a feedback signal for current mode control and over current fault protection. Sensing inductor current for the use of digital controllers require high bandwidth current sensors and also need high speed Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) to convert the sensed current into digital domain. Use of high bandwidth current sensors and high speed ADCs make the sensing costly and complimented. Hence, eliminating current sensor and ADCs is in the interest of the present day research. These can be eliminated by estimating inductor current instead of sensing it. The estimation process uses converter voltages easily sensed using slow ADCs. This paper proposes a novel high bandwidth digital inductor current estimation technique which using low cost comparators. This technique estimates both DC and switching frequency components of the inductor current. The estimation is accurate to 9 % of the actual current irrespective of the converter operating in Continuous or Discontinuous Conduction Mode (CCM/DCM). The theory and its practical implementation procedures are given in detail. The proposed theory is validated with the experimental results on a 98 kHz, 3.3 V / 10 A buck converter working in CCM and DCM.
This paper proposes a hardware oriented dropout algorithm for an efficient field-programmablegatearray (FPGA) implementation. Dropout is a regularization technique, which is commonly used in neural networks such as ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319701363;9783319701356
This paper proposes a hardware oriented dropout algorithm for an efficient field-programmablegatearray (FPGA) implementation. Dropout is a regularization technique, which is commonly used in neural networks such as multilayer perceptrons (MLPs), convolutional neural networks (CNNs), among others. To generate a dropout mask to randomly drop neurons during training phase, random number generators (RNGs) are usually used in software implementations. However, RNGs consume considerable FPGA resources in hardware implementations. The proposed method is able to minimize the resources required for FPGA implementation of dropout by performing a simple rotation operation to a predefined dropout mask. We apply the proposed method to MLPs and CNNs and evaluate them on MNIST and CIFAR-10 classification. In addition, we employ the proposed method in GoogLeNet training using own dataset to develop a vision system for home service robots. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves the same regularized effect as the ordinary dropout algorithm. Logic synthesis results show that the proposed method significantly reduces the consumption of FPGA resources in comparison to the ordinary RNG-based approaches.
作者:
Ahmad, R.Ismail, W.Sains USM
Collaborat Microelect Design Excellence Ctr CEDEC Level 1Block C10 Persiaran Bukit Jambul George Town 11900 Malaysia Sch Elect & Elect Engn
Auto ID Lab Engn Campus Nibong Tebal 14300 Penang Malaysia
The demand for wireless broadband access through mobile devices has increased impressively causing wireless security to be a very serious concern. Most of wireless communication standards implement an advanced encrypt...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9789811017216;9789811017193
The demand for wireless broadband access through mobile devices has increased impressively causing wireless security to be a very serious concern. Most of wireless communication standards implement an advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm for protection against various classes of wireless attack such as interception, fabrication, modification and reply attacks. However, the AES is a complex algorithm that consumes more memory, time, and battery power. In this paper, the performance of the proposed AES and Blowfish algorithms with improved power-throughput are analysed and compared using Virtex6 field programmable gate array (FPGA) in terms of their architecture, throughput and power consumption. The results show that the proposed Blowfish has reduced slices usage and power consumption by 1 and 6 % respectively, and increased the throughput by 36 %.
A very important research area for automated video surveillance systems is skin color detection. Major issues for these systems are real time requirements. In this paper, a block based skin color detection technique i...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509032433
A very important research area for automated video surveillance systems is skin color detection. Major issues for these systems are real time requirements. In this paper, a block based skin color detection technique is proposed. Results prove that it is a robust and efficient technique. Skin color regions in an image can be detected with the proposed technique. A performance gain of 3.58 times is achieved in results. The algorithms is implemented in C language on a WindowXP machine usind Dev-C++ compiler (Version 4.9.9.2). The experimental results have established the effectiveness and accuracy of the approach. The proposed algorithm is then implemented on Virtex-4 FPGA platform.
暂无评论