This paper presents the design and implementation of a hardware graphical display custom processor for generating and manipulating plots based on a given set of time varying input signals. The paper primarily focuses ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781612847382
This paper presents the design and implementation of a hardware graphical display custom processor for generating and manipulating plots based on a given set of time varying input signals. The paper primarily focuses on the design to generate plots of two sampled sine waves of 5 KHz and 10 KHz respectively, along with horizontal and vertical axes with proper scaling. This was achieved by designing the custom processor in Verilog HDL. A provision is made such that the plots can be zoomed horizontally and vertically, independent of each other. There are two levels of zooming provided for each signal plot, both horizontal and vertical zooming. A legend box at the top right corner of the screen was included to provide the scale details of both horizontal and vertical axes, at any level of zooming. The display of the signal plots and the different levels of zooming are controlled by switches of the fieldprogrammablegate Array (FPGA) DE2 development board. The proposed design gives a compromise solution for flexibility and reconfigurability at the hardware level.
Reconfigurable field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) from Altera and Actel and an FPGA-based quick-turn Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) from Altera were subjected to single-event testing using heavy io...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424406388
Reconfigurable field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) from Altera and Actel and an FPGA-based quick-turn Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) from Altera were subjected to single-event testing using heavy ions. Both Altera devices (Stratix II and HardCopy II) exhibited a low latchup threshold (below an LET of 3 MeV-cm(2)/mg) and thus are not recommended for applications in the space radiation environment. The flash-based Actel ProASIC Plus device did not exhibit latchup to an effective LET of 75 MeV-cm(2)/mg at room temperature. In addition, these tests did not show flash cell charge loss (upset) or retention damage. Upset characterization of the design-level flip-flops yielded an LET threshold below 10 MeV-cm(2)/mg and a high LET cross section of about 1x10(-6) cm(2)/bit for storing ones and about 1x10(-7) cm(2)/bit for storing zeros. Thus, the ProASIC device may be suitable for critical flight applications with appropriate triple modular redundancy mitigation techniques.
Non-linear steady-state power flow solvers have typically relied on the Newton-Raphson method to efficiently compute solutions on today's computer systems. fieldprogrammablegate array (FPGA) devices, which have ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424404926
Non-linear steady-state power flow solvers have typically relied on the Newton-Raphson method to efficiently compute solutions on today's computer systems. fieldprogrammablegate array (FPGA) devices, which have recently been integrated into high-performance computers by major computer system vendors, offer an opportunity to significantly increase the performance of power flow solvers. However, only some algorithms are suitable for an FPGA implementation. The Gauss-Seidel (GS) method of solving the AC power flow problem is an excellent example of such an opportunity. In this paper we discuss algorithmic design considerations, optimization, implementation, and performance results of the implementation of the Gauss-Seidel method running on a Silicon Graphics Inc. Altix-350 computer equipped with a Xilinx Virtex II 6000 FPGA.
Implementation issues represent an unfamiliar challenge to most control engineers, and many techniques for controller design ignore these issues outright. Consequently, the design of controllers for smart structural s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819424595
Implementation issues represent an unfamiliar challenge to most control engineers, and many techniques for controller design ignore these issues outright. Consequently, the design of controllers for smart structural systems usually proceeds without regard for their eventual implementation, thus resulting either in serious performance degradation or in hardware requirements that squander power, complicate integration, and drive up cost. The level of integration assumed by the Smart Patch further exacerbates these difficulties, and any design inefficiency may render the realization of a single-package sensor-controller-actuator system infeasible. The goal of this research is to automate the controller implementation process and to relieve the design engineer of implementation concerns like quantization, computational efficiency, and device selection. We specifically target field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) as our hardware platform because these devices are highly flexible, power efficient, and reprogrammable. The current study develops an automated implementation sequence that minimizes hardware requirements while maintaining controller performance. Beginning with a state space representation of the controller, the sequence automatically generates a configuration bitstream for a suitable FPGA implementation, MATLAB functions optimize and simulate the control algorithm before translating it into the VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL). These functions improve power efficiency and simplify integration in the final implementation by performing a linear transformation that renders the controller computationally friendly. The transformation favors sparse matrices in order to reduce multiply operations and the hardware necessary to support them;simultaneously, the remaining matrix elements take on values that minimize limit cycles and parameter sensitivity. The proposed controller design methodology is implemented on a simple cantilever beam test structure using
Billions of internet end-users and device to device connections contribute to the significant data growth in recent years, large scale, unstructured, heterogeneous data and the corresponding complexity present challen...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479942749
Billions of internet end-users and device to device connections contribute to the significant data growth in recent years, large scale, unstructured, heterogeneous data and the corresponding complexity present challenges to the conventional real-time online fraud detection system security. With the advent of big data era, it is expected the data analytic techniques to be much faster and more efficient than ever before. Moreover, one of the challenges with many modern algorithms is that they run too slowly in software to have any practical value. This paper proposes a fieldprogrammablegate Array (FPGA) -based intrusion detection system (IDS), driven by a new coupled metric learning to discover the inter-and intra-coupling relationships against the growth of data volumes and item relationship to provide a new approach for efficient anomaly detections. This work is experimented on our previously published NetFlow-based IDS dataset, which is further processed into the categorical data for coupled metric learning purpose. The overall performance of the new hardware system has been further compared with the presence of conventional Bayesian classifier and Support Vector Machines classifier. The experimental results show the very promising performance by considering the coupled metric learning scheme in the FPGA implementation. The false alarm rate is successfully reduced down to 5% while the high detection rate (= 99.9%) is maintained.
General Purpose Processors (GPPs) and ASICs have traditionally been the common means for building and implementing Artificial Neural Network's (ANNs). However Such computing paradigms suffer from the constant need...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769524567
General Purpose Processors (GPPs) and ASICs have traditionally been the common means for building and implementing Artificial Neural Network's (ANNs). However Such computing paradigms suffer from the constant need of establishing a trade-off between flexibility and performance Due to the technological advance in the development of progammable logic devices, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have become attractive for realizing ANNs. FPGAs have shown to exhibit excellent flexibility in terms of reprogramming the same hardware and at the same time achieving good performance by enabling parallel computation. In this paper various implementations of ANNs on FPGAs are investigated and compared. The research described in this paper proposes three partially parallel architectures and a fully parallel architecture to realize the Back- Propagation algorithm on an FPGA. The proposed designs are coded in Handel-C and functionally, verified by synthesizing them on a Virtex2000e FPGA chip. The partially parallel architectures and the fully parallel architecture are found to be 2.25 and 4 times faster than the software implementation rcspectively for different benchmarks.
Three-dimensional mixed-mode device simulation is used to investigate the dock upset in an antifuse FPGA device. Two versions of the clock circuit were simulated, the original and the redesigned,vith improved SEU hard...
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Three-dimensional mixed-mode device simulation is used to investigate the dock upset in an antifuse FPGA device. Two versions of the clock circuit were simulated, the original and the redesigned,vith improved SEU hardness, The threshold LET of each version was simulated both at static and during transition. Compared to the test data, the simulated results consistently underestimate the LETth. The difference between LETth at static and during transition is relatively small. This disagrees with the previous speculation that the clock upset is due to heavy-ion strikes very close to the clock edge. Efforts were also made to optimize the simulation methodology to reduce the simulation time for practicality.
Cyber crimes and cyber warfare are problematic for commercial and government entities as new exploits and methods of system compromise emerge daily. Fortunately, hundreds of cyber security organizations collaborate to...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781908272294
Cyber crimes and cyber warfare are problematic for commercial and government entities as new exploits and methods of system compromise emerge daily. Fortunately, hundreds of cyber security organizations collaborate to develop security patches and mitigations for most exploits as quickly as they are identified. One method of compromising and controlling victim machines, with little or no risk of being identified or mitigated, is the supply chain attack;specifically, altering the basic input and output system (BIOS) code to reprogram fieldprogrammablegate Array (FPGA) chips to run covert operating systems and provide undetectable communications for data exfiltration. Not only are the main board's BIOS and circuitry a target for malicious technology insertion, but more powerful graphics cards with independent processing and memory can also provide a safe haven for malicious logic. This paper identifies and demonstrates BIOS and FPGA attacks that can be implemented during the production process, allowing the developer (or attacker) to accomplish persistent covert communications and system control. The authors also discuss the results of a remote BIOS attack and the risks associated with attempting one. Lastly, efforts to identify and mitigate BIOS supply-chain attacks, are outlined to include the implementation of the Trusted Platform Module (TPM) standard, which supports hardware-based BIOS integrity checking, and changes required for production methods and processes that will enhance information assurance for critical assets.
The last decade has a rapid development in the structure of a programmable processor called fieldprogrammablegate Array (FPGA), which is used to implement a hardware circuit to perform the functions for high speed a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467356138;9781467356121
The last decade has a rapid development in the structure of a programmable processor called fieldprogrammablegate Array (FPGA), which is used to implement a hardware circuit to perform the functions for high speed application. Sobel edge detection is a method to find the edge pixels in an image. This method exploits the change in intensity with respect to neighboring pixels. This paper introduces the implementation of Sobel edge detection method in the FPGA processor [1,2]. The implementation is performed based on two FPGA families from Xilinx, Spartan and Virtex. The cost of these implementations using Spartan3 is 41.66%, Spartan6 is 70%, Virtex5 is 3.69% and Virtex6 is 3.61%. The frequency is 169.188 MHz for using Spartan3, 45.7 MHz for Spartan6, 85.060 MHz for Virtex5 and 65.8 MHz for Virtex6.
The binary relation inference network (BRIN) emerges as a powerful topological network to solve various constrained optimization problems. In this paper, the BRIN solution is reviewed for the sake of reference. The an...
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The binary relation inference network (BRIN) emerges as a powerful topological network to solve various constrained optimization problems. In this paper, the BRIN solution is reviewed for the sake of reference. The analog and digital realization of BRIN is presented. For the analog implementation, we studied the BRIN solution for the transitive closure problem. We used commonly available integrated circuits and general minimum and maximum building blocks. The network response was discussed. The worst solution time for a general path problem was estimated. For a digital implementation of the BRIN solution, fieldprogrammablegates arrays (FPGA) with millions of gates, were studied with Xilinx's system generator. The detailed implementation is presented. The network response and the solution time are analyzed and the comparisons between both platforms are discussed.
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