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Discrimination of exo-atmospheric active decoys using acceleration information

IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2010年第4期4卷 626-638页

作者： Rao, B. Zhao, Y. -L. Xiao, S. -P. Wang, X. -S. Natl Univ Def Technol Sch Elect Sci & Engn Changsha 410073 Hunan Peoples R China Unit 63880 Luoyang 471003 Peoples R China

Range deception is a common electronic countermeasure technique used for ballistic missile penetration. The well-designed decoys of range deception can even form stable tracks. Discrimination of these decoys is difficult and one potential way is at radar data processing level by using motion features. This study presents a novel method, called acceleration matched discrimination algorithm, which fully utilises the fact that the accelerations of exo-atmospheric active decoys are essentially different from that of physical targets (e. g. warhead), that can discriminate these decoys at the radar data processing level. First, the acceleration model of active decoys is explicitly derived. Secondly, the acceleration matched coefficient (AMC) is defined based on the filtered acceleration and theoretical acceleration. By employing the extended Kalman filter, the instantaneous variance of AMC is also derived. Finally, the discrimination algorithm is designed based on a batch-processing weighted least squares estimate and its estimated variance. Theoretical analysis and simulations indicate that the discrimination method is valid and feasible. Furthermore, the discrimination performance analysis due to the influence of radar position, radar measurement error and data rate are also covered.

关键词： theoretical acceleration radar imaging image motion analysis Electronic warfare missiles motion features Optical, image and video signal processing ballistic missile penetration well-designed decoys Radar equipment, systems and applications range deception radar data processing level radar position acceleration matched discrimination algorithm filtering methods in signal processing military radar least squares approximations ballistics electronic countermeasure technique Kalman filters electronic countermeasures extended Kalman filter radar measurement error acceleration information batch-processing weighted least square estimate acceleration matched coefficient Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) Military radar, detection and tracking systems exoatmospheric active decoys filtered acceleration active decoy acceleration model

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Neural network method for direction of arrival estimation with uniform cylindrical microstrip patch array

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IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION 2010年第2期4卷 153-161页

作者： Caylar, S. Dural, G. Leblebicioglu, K. Middle E Tech Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-06531 Ankara Turkey 3rd ASMC Turkish Air Force TR-06790 Ankara Turkey

In this study, a new neural network algorithm is proposed for real-time multiple source tracking problem with cylindrical patch antenna array based on a previously reported Modified Neural Multiple Source Tracking (MN-MUST) algorithm. The proposed algorithm, namely cylindrical microstrip patch array modified neural multiple source tracking (CMN-MUST) algorithm implements MN-MUST algorithm on a cylindrical microstrip patch array structure. CMN-MUST algorithm uses the advantage of directive pattern of microstrip patch elements by considering only a part of array elements for a chosen sector. This reduces neural network sizes and also improves the spatial filtering performance. The proposed algorithm improves MN-MUST algorithm in the sense of accuracy and speed while covering the full azimuth range.

关键词： real-time systems direction of arrival estimation Communications computing microstrip antenna arrays Neural computing techniques Antenna theory modified neural multiple source tracking algorithm spatial filtering performance filtering methods in signal processing array elements neural network algorithm real-time multiple source tracking problem telecommunication computing neural nets neural network method microstrip patch elements Antenna arrays directive pattern uniform cylindrical microstrip patch array antenna radiation patterns filtering theory direction-of-arrival estimation cylindrical patch antenna array

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z-Domain counterpart to Prony's method for exponential-sinusoidal decomposition

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IET signal processing 2010年第5期4卷 537-547页

作者： Corinthios, M. Ecole Polytech Dept Genie Elect Montreal PQ H3T 1J4 Canada

Prony's method has applications in exponential sinusoidal modelling, parametric modelling, filter design, system modelling and system identification. Similarly to Pade approximation, Prony's method and refinements thereof are major tools for statistical signal analysis, system auto-regressive moving average (ARMA) modelling and least-squares digital filter design. In this study, a z-domain counterpart to Prony's method is proposed as a spectral analysis approach to exponential-sinusoidal decomposition in the presence of noise contamination. The approach is particularly effective in the case where the signal components have 'well behaved' frequencies, meaning that they are multiples of the fundamental frequency. Spectral weighting is applied to power spectra over the z-plane. Spectral peaks of signals contaminated by noise are used to estimate the amplitude, frequency, damping and phase of damped sinusoidal components. The present approach requires no a priori knowledge of the number of damped sinusoidal components present in the contaminated signal, and hence no knowledge of the system order. As expected, however, the analysed signal duration should be long enough to reveal signal properties in the presence of noise. In the case where signal components are not well behaved, spectral leakage would necessitate windowing and higher resolution frequency analysis in order to identify the successive components with improved accuracy.

关键词： high resolution frequency analysis statistical signal analysis parametric modelling autoregressive moving average processes ARMA modelling least-squares digital filter design Prony method system identification system modelling system autoregressive moving average modelling noise contamination filtering methods in signal processing IIR filter least squares approximations spectral analysis IIR filters exponential sinusoidal modelling Pade approximation signal processing theory infinite impulse response filter exponential-sinusoidal decomposition z-domain Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) filter design spectral analysis approach spectral weighting Other topics in statistics

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Constrained adaptive filtering algorithms based on conjugate gradient techniques for beamforming

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IET signal processing 2010年第6期4卷 686-697页

作者： Wang, L. de Lamare, R. C. Univ York Dept Elect Commun Res Grp York YO10 5DD N Yorkshire England

This article proposes constrained adaptive algorithms based on the conjugate gradient (CG) method for adaptive beamforming. The proposed algorithms are derived for the implementation of the beamformer according to the minimum variance and constant modulus criteria subject to a constraint on the array response. A CG-based weight vector strategy is created for enforcing the constraint and computing the weight expressions. The devised algorithms avoid the covariance matrix inversion and exhibit fast convergence with low complexity. A complexity analysis compares the proposed algorithms with the existing ones. The convergence properties of the CCM criterion are studied, conditions for convexity are established and a convergence analysis for the proposed algorithms is derived. Simulation results are conducted for both stationary and non-stationary scenarios, showing the convergence and tracking ability of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： array signal processing CCM criterion adaptive beamforming covariance matrix inversion CG-based weight vector strategy complexity analysis Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) filtering methods in signal processing computational complexity adaptive filters tracking ability convergence analysis conjugate gradient methods constrained adaptive filtering algorithms signal processing theory conjugate gradient techniques

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Broadband microstrip bandpass filters using triple-mode resonator

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IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION 2010年第9期4卷 1275-1282页

作者： Tu, W. -H. Natl Cent Univ Dept Elect Engn Tao Yuan 32001 Taiwan

A broadband microstrip bandpass filter using a stub-loaded resonator is proposed. The basic block of the proposed filter is a triple-mode resonator that consists of a half-wave resonator and a shunt open-circuited stub. A parameter study of how to control the frequencies of the three modes is presented. Two bandpass filters using the proposed resonator have been designed, fabricated and tested to validate the design concept. Design guidelines and a comparison with previous work are also included. For the first bandpass filter, from 1.75 to 3.25 GHz, the measured return loss is greater than 16 dB and the measured insertion loss is less than 0.9 dB. The maximum group delay variation is 0.6 ns. Furthermore, there are two transmission zeros at 1.3 and 3.8 GHz for a better cut-off response. For the second one, from 1.6 to 3.7 GHz, the measured return loss is greater than 14 dB and the measured insertion loss is less than 1 dB. The maximum group delay variation is 0.6 ns, and there are two transmission zeros at 1.36 and 4.03 GHz.

关键词： broadband microstrip bandpass filters stub-loaded resonator filtering methods in signal processing Telecommunication applications broadband networks resonator filters frequency 1.75 GHz to 3.25 GHz triple-mode resonator microstrip filters group delay variation band-pass filters basic block

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Gradient-adaptive algorithms for minimum-phase-all-pass decomposition of a finite impulse response system

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IET signal processing 2010年第1期4卷 12-21页

作者： Flanagan, M. F. McLaughlin, M. Fagan, A. D. Univ Coll Dublin Dept Elect & Elect Engn Dublin 4 Ireland DecaWave Ltd Digital Depot Dublin 8 Ireland

Adaptive algorithms which perform minimum-phase-all-pass (MP-AP) decomposition of a finite impulse response system are proposed. The first algorithm models the MP component of the system as a lattice filter cascaded with a gain stage. The algorithm has a low misconvergence probability, and is capable of detecting misconvergence during or after adaptation. Two further algorithms are proposed based on the theory of the bicepstrum. One adaptively solves a finite linear system of equations and the other an augmented nonlinear system. The first has an error sensitive to the proximity of the system zeros to the unit circle, whereas the second, although more computationally intensive, may approach the exact MP-AP decomposition given a sufficient number of iterations. These real-time MP-AP decomposition algorithms have applications in the stabilisation of compound precoding, which is a pre-equalisation technique included as an option in the V.92 high-speed modem standard.

关键词： lattice filter system Codes precoding V.92 high-speed modem standard lattice filters low misconvergence probability finite impulse response system gradient methods augmented nonlinear system bicepstrum. theory filtering methods in signal processing finite linear equation system compound precoding stabilisation equalisers minimum-phase-all-pass decomposition gradient-adaptive algorithms Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) real-time MP-AP decomposition algorithms transient response Communication channel equalisation and identification FIR filters linear systems preequalisation technique nonlinear systems

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Uniformly most powerful invariant detection in spherically invariant random vector distributed clutter

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2010年第4期4卷 560-563页

作者： De Maio, A. Conte, E. Univ Naples Federico 2 Dipartimento Ingn Biomed Elettron & Telecomunicaz I-80125 Naples Italy

This study deals with the problem of detecting a radar target with unknown complex amplitude in the presence of clutter modelled as a spherically invariant random vector (SIRV). It is proved that, under a quite mild technical condition, the normalised matched filter (NMF) is the uniformly most powerful invariant (UMPI) detector in SIRV disturbance. The developed proof is based on the theory of total positive functions of order two.

关键词： signal detection normalised matched filter filtering methods in signal processing radar clutter radar detection NMF SIRV distributed clutter uniformly most powerful invariant detection spherically invariant random vector distributed clutter matched filters radar target detection Radar equipment, systems and applications UMPI detector

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Data fusion for underwater target tracking

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2010年第4期4卷 576-585页

作者： Rao, S. Koteswara Murthy, K. S. Linga Rajeswari, K. Raja Naval Sci & Technol Lab Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh India Andhra Univ Coll Engn Dept Elect & Elect Engn Waltair 530003 Andhra Pradesh India Andhra Univ Coll Engn Elect & Commun Engn Dept Waltair 530003 Andhra Pradesh India

Underwater manoeuvring target rarely tracked using bearings-only measurements available from Hull mounted array (HA) without a proper manoeuvre by the observer. This problem is solved by administering data fusion techniques on bearings available from towed array and HA. Song and Speyer's and Galkowski and Islam's modified gain bearings only extended Kalman filter is exploited for estimation of target motion parameters. Online pre-processing is carried out to reduce the amplitude of the noise, compute the estimated bearings if the bearing measurement is not available and to find out variance of the noisy measurement which is used in Kalman filter. The spurious measurements are made invalid. The performance evaluation of the algorithms is done in Monte-Carlo simulation and results obtained for two typical geometries are presented.

关键词： noise amplitude reduction Monte-Carlo simulation towed array motion estimation sonar underwater target tracking target motion estimation underwater manoeuvring target Hull mounted array Sonar and acoustic radar filtering methods in signal processing online preprocessing Kalman filters extended Kalman filter bearing-only measurements array signal processing data fusion sensor fusion target tracking Monte Carlo methods bearing estimation direction-of-arrival estimation

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Minimum neighbour and extended Kalman filter estimator: a practical distributed channel assignment scheme for dense wireless local area networks

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2010年第15期4卷 1865-1875页

作者： Drieberg, M. Zheng, F. -C. Ahmad, R. Univ Victoria Ctr Telecommun & Microelect Sch Sci & Engn Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Reading Sch Syst Engn Reading RG6 2AH Berks England

Dense deployments of wireless local area networks (WLANs) are becoming a norm in many cities around the world. However, increased interference and traffic demands can severely limit the aggregate throughput achievable unless an effective channel assignment scheme is used. In this work, a simple and effective distributed channel assignment (DCA) scheme is proposed. It is shown that in order to maximise throughput, each access point (AP) simply chooses the channel with the minimum number of active neighbour nodes (i.e. nodes associated with neighbouring APs that have packets to send). However, application of such a scheme to practice depends critically on its ability to estimate the number of neighbour nodes in each channel, for which no practical estimator has been proposed before. In view of this, an extended Kalman filter (EKF) estimator and an estimate of the number of nodes by AP are proposed. These not only provide fast and accurate estimates but can also exploit channel switching information of neighbouring APs. Extensive packet level simulation results show that the proposed minimum neighbour and EKF estimator (MINEK) scheme is highly scalable and can provide significant throughput improvement over other channel assignment schemes.

关键词： channel switching filtering methods in signal processing distributed channel assignment minimum neighbour estimator wireless LAN DCA WLAN Radio links and equipment wireless channels packet radio networks Kalman filters packet level simulation dense wireless local area networks access point MINEK extended Kalman filter estimator

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H_∞ filtering of network-based systems with communication constraints

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IET signal processing 2010年第1期4卷 69-77页

作者： Song, H. Zhang, W. -A. Yu, L. Zhejiang Univ Technol Dept Automat Zhejiang Prov United Key Lab Embedded Syst Hangzhou 310032 Zhejiang Peoples R China

This work studies the H-infinity filtering problem for a class of discrete-time network-based systems with communication constraints. The considered plant has multiple outputs and only one of them can be sent to the filter at each transmission instant because of the communication constraints. A new compensation scheme is proposed, upon which the filtering error system is modelled as a switched system by considering mode-dependent filters. Sufficient conditions are derived for the filtering error system to be exponentially stable and ensure a prescribed H-infinity disturbance attenuation level bound by using the average dwell-time method. Based on the derived conditions, a design procedure for the H-infinity filter is also presented. An illustrative example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： filtering methods in signal processing compensation filtering error system discrete time network based systems average dwell-time method H∞ optimisation H∞ disturbance attenuation level discrete time filters switched system Optimisation techniques filtering theory signal processing theory communication constraints H∞ filtering mode dependent filters

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