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1.25/10.3 Gbit/s dual-rate burst-mode receiver

ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2008年第14期44卷 869-U197页

作者： Hara, K. Kimura, S. Nakamura, H. Nishimura, K. Nakamura, M. Yoshimoto, N. Tsubokawa, M. NTT Corp NTT Access Network Serv Syst Labs Mihama Ku Chiba 2610023 Japan NTT Corp NTT Microsyst Integrat Labs Atsugi Kanagawa 2430198 Japan NTT Corp NTT Photon Labs Atsugi Kanagawa 2430198 Japan

A 1.25/10.3 Gbit/s dual-rate burst-mode receiver is proposed, which uses a tunable lowpass filter to change the sensitivity for each bit rate and an output-port selector to switch the output port according to the input bit rate. It is demonstrated that this receiver can realise a high sensitivity, a wide dynamic range, and a high-speed response with long consecutive identical digit signals.

关键词： bit rate 10.3 Gbit/s tunable lowpass filter filtering methods in signal processing Optical communication equipment dual-rate burst-mode receiver optical receivers bit rate 1.25 Gbit/s bit rate low-pass filters

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Compact UWBPCML bandpass filter with L- and C-shaped resonator

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2008年第6期44卷 419-421页

作者： Marimuthu, J. Esa, M. Multimedia Univ Fac Engn Selangor Darul Ehsan 63100 Cyberjaya Malaysia Fac Elect Engn Dept Radio Commun Engn Microwave RF & Antenna Res Grp Johor Darul Takzim 81310 Utm Skudai Malaysia

A novel ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter with four resonant modes is proposed based on a parallel coupled microstrip line (PCML) with L- and C-shaped resonators. The coupling factor of the PCML structure depends on the impedance of the feeding network. The PCML coupling factor can be enhanced by using a feeding network with smaller characteristic impedance. With an L-shaped feeding network and C-shaped middle microstrip line a non-uniform resonator is constructed with the first two resonant modes failing within the UWB. The other two resonant modes within the UWB can be obtained by adjusting the width of both the L- and C-shaped resonators. Overall the designed filter exhibits good UWB passband behaviour with insertion loss < -0.2 dB and group delay < 0.15 ns.

关键词： Waveguides and microwave transmission lines C-shaped resonator band-pass filters microstrip lines C-shaped middle microstrip line nonuniform resonator Waveguide and microwave transmission line components filtering methods in signal processing ultra wideband technology parallel coupled microstrip line PCML coupling factor L-shaped resonator compact UWB PCML bandpass filter Filters and other networks ultra-wideband bandpass filter Radio links and equipment resonators

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Extended Kalman filter for estimating aircraft orientation from velocity measurements

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2008年第1期2卷 12-16页

作者： Ehrman, L. M. Lanterman, A. D. Georgia Inst Technol Sch Elect & Comp Engn Atlanta GA 30332 USA

A coordinated flight model for estimating the orientation of an aircraft under track from velocity measurements into an extended Kalman filter (EKF) framework is placed here. In doing so, it makes two contributions. First, the EKF provides a rigorous framework for addressing this problem, blending modelling error and measurement error. Second, the EKF supplements the estimated orientation with a measure of the uncertainty in that estimate. Such estimates of uncertainty are crucial in a number of applications, including using the orientation estimates to approximate the radar cross section of the aircraft under track, in an attempt to identify targets. The EKF's performance is demonstrated using both a straight-and-level manoeuvre and a complicated manoeuvre recorded on-board a manoeuvring F-15. In both cases, the state estimates of the EKF are similar to the results obtained from a coordinated flight model. The true orientations almost always fall within one standard deviation of the estimates, as determined by the estimated covariance.

关键词： measurement errors extended kalman filter Velocity, acceleration and rotation measurement state estimation velocity measurements filtering methods in signal processing aircraft Filters and other networks measurement error aircraft orientation radar cross section Kalman filters radar applications Radar equipment, systems and applications blending modelling error standard deviation velocity measurement

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Multi-objective optimisation technique to design digital filters for modulated multi-rate systems

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2008年第13期44卷 827-828页

作者： Cruz-Roldan, F. Heneghan, C. Saez-Landete, J. B. Blanco-Velasco, M. Amo-Lopez, P. Univ Alcala de Henares Dept Teoria Senal & Comunicac Escuela Politecn Super Alcala De Henares 28871 Spain Univ Coll Dublin Sch Elect Elect & Mech Engn Dublin 4 Ireland

An improved technique to design prototype filters for nearly-perfect reconstruction modulated filter banks and transmultiplexers is shown. This technique is based on the frequency sampling approach, and the formulation is presented as a multi-objective optimisation problem. Results indicate that the new formulation provides arbitrary-length prototype filters with even better quality parameters.

关键词： optimisation multiplexing equipment digital filters design filtering methods in signal processing Optimisation techniques frequency sampling approach transmultiplexers Digital filters prototype filters digital filters nearly-perfect reconstruction modulated filter banks multiobjective optimisation technique modulated multi-rate systems

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Feature-based human motion parameter estimation with radar

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2008年第2期2卷 135-145页

作者： van Dorp, P. Groen, F. C. A. TNO Phys & Elect Lab NL-2509 JG The Hague Netherlands Univ Amsterdam Intelligent Autonomous Syst IAS Grp NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam Netherlands

Radar can be an extremely useful sensing technique to observe persons. It perceives persons behind walls or at great distances and in situations where persons have no or poor visibility. Human motion modulates the radar signal which can be observed in the spectrogram of the received signal. Extraction of these movements enables the animation of a person in virtual reality. The authors focus on a fast feature-based approach to estimate human motion features for real-time applications. The human walking model of Boulic is used, which describe the human motion with three parameters. Personification information is obtained by estimating the individual leg and torso parameters. These motion parameters can be estimated from the temporal maximum, minimum and centre velocity of the human motion distribution. Three methods are presented to extract these velocities. Additionally, we extract an independent human motion repetition frequency estimate based on velocity slices in the spectrogram. Kalman filters smooth the parameters and estimate the global Boulic parameters. These estimated parameters are input to the human model of Boulic which forms the basis for animation. The methods are applied to real radar measurements. The animated person generated with the extracted parameters provides a realistic look-alike of the real motion of the person.

关键词： real-time systems torso parameters radar signal radar imaging image motion analysis kalman filters personification information Optical, image and video signal processing human motion parameter estimation feature extraction Radar equipment, systems and applications Boulic parameters filtering methods in signal processing Kalman filters real-time applications spectrogram animation gait analysis fast feature-based approach

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Time-frequency-based non-stationary interference suppression for noise radar systems

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2008年第4期2卷 306-314页

作者： Dakovic, M. Thayaparan, T. Djukanovic, S. Stankovic, L. J. Univ Montenegro Elektrotehn Fak Podgorica 81000 Montenegro Def Res & Dev Canada Radar Applicat & Space Technol Ottawa ON Canada

The problem addressed here is non-stationary interference suppression in noise radar systems. Towards this aim, two linear time-frequency (TF) transforms, short-time Fourier transform and local polynomial Fourier transform are used as a means of signal representation and filtering. The noise radar return signal is a wideband random signal occupying the whole TF plane, whereas the interference signal is well concentrated in the TF plane. This implies that the filtering of the received signal can be performed by using a binary mask to excise only a portion of the TF plane corrupted by the interference. Simulations carried out on the radar return signal corrupted by extremely strong non-stationary interferences confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： radar signal processing Electromagnetic compatibility and interference Fourier transforms time-frequency-based non-stationary interference suppression linear time-frequency transforms interference signal signal representation Algebra Radar equipment, systems and applications signal filtering filtering methods in signal processing polynomials local polynomial Fourier transform Integral transforms time-frequency analysis binary mask wideband random signal short-time Fourier transform noise radar systems filtering theory interference suppression

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Adaptive resonator-based method for power system harmonic analysis

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IET SCIENCE MEASUREMENT & TECHNOLOGY 2008年第3期2卷 177-185页

作者： Kusljevic, M. D. Termoelektro Enel AD Belgrade 11060 Serbia

A simple algorithm for the harmonic estimation, in a wide range of frequency changes, with benefits in a reduced complexity and computational efforts is prescribed. This implementation is based on a recently introduced common structure for recursive discrete transforms and contemplated as an implementation of finite-impulse-response (FIR) and infinite-impulse-response (IIR) filter transfer functions to reduce computational efforts. This structure consists of digital resonators in a common negative feedback loop. The structure of the estimation algorithm consists of two decoupled modules: the first one for an adaptive filter of input signal with harmonic amplitude and phase calculation, the second one for an external frequency estimation. A very suitable algorithm for frequency and harmonic phasor estimations is obtained. To demonstrate the performance of the developed algorithm, computer-simulated data records are processed. Simulation results show that this algorithm is applicable to detect the harmonic amplitudes of steady-state, varying and decaying sinusoidal signals. It has been found that the proposed method really meets the needs of online applications. This technique provides accurate amplitude estimates in about one period.

关键词： frequency estimation resonator filters adaptive filters Other power apparatus and electric machines power system harmonic analysis transfer function Power supply quality and harmonics power harmonic filters harmonic phasor estimation transfer functions recursive discrete transform digital resonator discrete transforms negative feedback loop adaptive filter computer-simulated data record infinite-impulse-response filter phase estimation filtering methods in signal processing IIR filters Integral transforms FIR filters power system harmonics Other topics in statistics

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Techniques for birth-particle placement in the probability hypothesis density particle filter applied to passive radar

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2008年第5期2卷 351-365页

作者： Tobias, M. Lanterman, A. D. Georgia Inst Technol Sch Elect & Comp Engn Atlanta GA 30332 USA

An initial investigation found Ronald Mahler's probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter to be a promising tool for the passive coherent location (PCL) of targets observed via multiple bistatic radar measurements. Two significant improvements to the particle-filter implementation of the PHD-based multitarget, multisensor tracker for PCL are introduced. The first is a simple, yet novel, peak-extraction technique that exploits the integral property of the PHD and provides a faster and more accurate method over currently used techniques to extract the target states from the PHD. The second is an improved method of placing birth particles, whereby a precomputed range-variance-based grid and a least-squares iterative technique is used to place birth particles at the bistatic range and Doppler observation intersections. This leads to greater reliability in detecting targets and a significant reduction in the number of particles required for tracking.

关键词： PHD-based multitarget tracker precomputed range-variance-based grid passive radar birth-particle placement Doppler radar PCL radar tracking multiple bistatic radar measurements bistatic range Radar equipment, systems and applications particle filtering (numerical methods) iterative methods filtering methods in signal processing density particle filter probability hypothesis density filter least squares approximations Doppler observation intersections Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) least-squares iterative technique target tracking peak-extraction technique

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Blind multichannel identification using overlap-save filtering

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2008年第7期44卷 483-484页

作者： Wang, S. Devlin, J. C. La Trobe Univ Dept Elect Engn Bundoora Vic 3086 Australia

An improved cross-relation ( CR)-based blind multichannel estimator using the overlap-save filtering technique is proposed. The proposed method performs as well as the original CR method, but is implementationally mor... 详细信息

关键词： Communication channel equalisation and identification blind multichannel identification filtering theory CR-based blind multichannel estimation filtering methods in signal processing multiuser channels cross-relation method channel estimation overlap-save filtering technique

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Quasi-continuous waveform design for dynamic range reduction

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2008年第10期44卷 646-647页

作者： Kassab, R. Lesturgie, M. Fiorina, J. SONDRA ONERA Palaiseau France Supelec Dept Telecommun Gif Sur Yvette France

A study of quasi-continuous waveform and its performance in detection is presented, taking into consideration eclipsing loss and free-space decay. A genetic algorithm is then used to optimise the waveform and lower the dynamic range of the matched filtering output. The resulting waveform with high duty cycle and minimal loss at maximal range maintains good detection performance along the whole operating range of the radar.

关键词： free-space decay filtering methods in signal processing Optimisation techniques radar signal processing genetic algorithms eclipsing loss matched filtering matched filters quasi-continuous waveform design dynamic range reduction Radar theory

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