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Higher-order time-varying allpass filters for signal decorrelation in stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation

ELECTRONICS LETTERS 1999年第1期35卷 88-90页

作者： Tangsangiumvisai, N Chambers, JA Constantinides, AG Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med Dept Elect & Elect Engn London SW7 2AZ England

A new technique is presented for decorrelating the input signals in stereophonic systems by means of time-varying allpass filters. The controllable and almost linear phase response of higher-order allpass filters is exploited in this context and a particular type of time variation is used to vary the parameters of such filters. Simulation results are presented based on real stereophonic signals and supported by subjective listening tests.

关键词： time-varying filters subjective listening tests signal decorrelation linear phase response filtering methods in signal processing higher-order time-varying allpass filters time variation audio signal processing all-pass filters Speech and audio signal processing echo suppression decorrelation stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation

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Simple design and realisation of linear phase 2D FIR filters with diamond frequency support

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 1999年第14期35卷 1148-1150页

作者： Klouche-Djedid, A Lawson, SS Univ Warwick Sch Engn Coventry CV4 7AL W Midlands England

A simple design method for linear-phase 2D FIR filters with diamond frequency support is proposed. The method is based on a 1D halfband linear-phase FIR filter design and offers some flexibility in the choice of speci... 详细信息

关键词： specification computational cost linear phase filters filtering methods in signal processing 1D halfband linear-phase FIR filter design FIR filters two-dimensional digital filters linear phase 2D FIR filters Digital signal processing diamond frequency support computational complexity design

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Timing synchroniser with reliability check scheme and smoothing filter

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 1999年第17期35卷 1438-1440页

作者： Song, HK Korea Elect Technol Inst KyungGi Do 451860 South Korea

A timing synchroniser technique utilising a reliability check and smoothing algorithm is proposed for a TDMA receiver. The reliability check method extends the usefulness of this algorithm into the low SNR region. A smoothing scheme is carried out by a first-order filter with an asymmetric step size. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is,adequate for timing recovery in TDMA modems.

关键词： Modems mobile radio reliability check scheme asymmetric step size time division multiple access radio receivers Multiple access communication timing recovery Mobile radio systems timing synchroniser technique TDMA modems timing matched filters smoothing filter TDMA receiver smoothing methods Maintenance and reliability low SNR region Reliability first-order filter modems filtering methods in signal processing synchronisation reliability

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Transform domain algorithm for reducing effect of film-grain noise in image compression

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 1999年第21期35卷 1830-1831页

作者： Öktem, R Egiazarian, K Tampere Univ Technol Signal Proc Lab FIN-33101 Tampere Finland

An algorithm for decreasing the effect of film-grain noise in image compression is proposed. The algorithm operates. in the transform domain in conjunction with quantisation. Although any orthogonal transforms suitable for this application, the orthogonal wavelet transform is preferred due to the simplicity in calculating the filter coefficients.

关键词： noise Integral transforms in numerical analysis quantisation (signal) transform domain algorithm signal processing theory filtering theory data compression quantisation film-grain noise interference suppression image coding denoising Computer vision and image processing techniques image compression wavelet transforms filter coefficients calculation Image and video coding filtering methods in signal processing noise corrupted image orthogonal wavelet transform photographic films image enhancement

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F&H filter: A novel ultra-low power discrete time filter

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 1999年第15期35卷 1226-1227页

作者： Tavares, VMG Principe, JC Harris, JG Univ Florida Dept Elect & Comp Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA

A new technique for designing filters with long time constants in the discrete time domain is presented. The F&H (filter and hold) methodology halts the state of a continuous time filter every T seconds resulting in a filter implementation with time constants that can be controlled in three distinct ways: by the sampling period T, the duty cycle k = tau/T or the time constant of the continuous time filter prototype, The final filter can be constructed from a typical Gm-C technique with very low power consumption.

关键词： Active filters and other active networks signal sampling continuous time filter prototype filtering methods in signal processing F&H filter ultra-low power discrete time filter time-domain synthesis discrete time filters duty cycle long time constants filter/hold methodology Gm-C technique active filters low-power electronics low power consumption low-pass filters sampling period

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Digital algorithm for maximisation of symmetric ambiguity functions and application to signal time-delay estimation

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-VISION IMAGE AND signal processing 1999年第6期146卷 313-316页

作者： Giunta, G Univ Rome La Sapienza INFO COM Dept I-00184 Rome Italy

Ambiguity functions are usually symmetric around their maximum. In such a case, a consistent estimator of their median value can also detect their maximum. A digital algorithm searches for the zero-crossing point of the Hilbert transform of the estimated function samples. The performance of such a method is analysed by a reduced Taylor expansion, depending on the second-order statistics of the estimated ambiguity samples. The accuracy is explicitly provided in the case of time-delay estimation between random Gaussian signals, corrupted by Gaussian noises. The optimal length of an FIR implementation of the Hilbert filter is also discussed with reference to the generalised cross-correlation method.

关键词： signal processing optimisation Hilbert filter statistical analysis Hilbert transform Optimisation techniques parameter estimation correlation methods digital algorithm FIR filters zero-crossing point cross-correlation method filtering methods in signal processing FIR implementation signal time-delay estimation Hilbert transforms random Gaussian signals symmetric ambiguity functions maximisation second-order statistics Other topics in statistics filtering theory Gaussian noise delay estimation reduced Taylor expansion signal processing theory

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A posteriori error learning in nonlinear adaptive filters

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-VISION IMAGE AND signal processing 1999年第6期146卷 293-296页

作者： Mandic, DP Chambers, JA Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med Dept Elect & Elect Engn Commun & Signal Proc Grp London England

The authors provide relationships between the a priori and a posteriori errors of adaptation algorithms for real-time output-error nonlinear adaptive filters realised as feedforward or recurrent neural networks. The analysis is undertaken for a general nonlinear activation function of a neuron, and for gradient-based learning algorithms, for both a feedforward (FF) and recurrent neural network (RNN). Moreover, the analysis considers both contractive and expansive forms of the nonlinear activation functions within the networks. The relationships so obtained provide the upper and lower error bounds for general gradient based a posteriori learning in neural networks.

关键词： prediction theory adaptive filters gradient-based learning algorithms feedforward neural networks adaptation algorithms lower bounds gradient methods error analysis a posteriori error learning Neural nets filtering methods in signal processing neuron Neural computing techniques upper bounds feedforward neural nets recurrent neural networks filtering theory learning (artificial intelligence) nonlinear filters recurrent neural nets nonlinear adaptive filters general nonlinear activation function signal processing theory

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Residual ocular artefact subsequent to ocular artefact removal from the electroencephalogram

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-SCIENCE MEASUREMENT AND TECHNOLOGY 1999年第6期146卷 293-298页

作者： Jervis, BW Thomlinson, M Mair, C Lopez, JML Garcia, MIB Sheffield Hallam Univ Sch Engn Sheffield S1 1WB S Yorkshire England Sheffield Hallam Univ Sch Sci & Math Sheffield S1 1WB S Yorkshire England Graz Tech Univ Dept Med Informat A-8010 Graz Austria Escuela Univ Politecn Dept Comp Sci Cordoba Spain

A method based on the vector representation of electro-oculogram (EOG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) signals has been developed for quantifying in simulation the amount of residual ocular artefact (OA) contamination of EECs after the application of an EGG-based OA removal (OAR) algorithm. The residual artefact is measured as R-2, the ratio of residual OA power to the estimated background EEG power. Two types of OA model, the in-plane and the out-of-plane model, were introduced. Values of R-2 were computed using simulated contaminated EEGs, which were constructed using measured EEGs, contaminated by a variety of eye movements and blinks, and measured EOG signals. In most cases the estimate of R-2 was approximately 0.03, corresponding to a 17% modification of the EEG voltage. The radial component contributed up to 30% of the residual artefact power. For practical applications, the use of the vertical and horizontal right and the radial EOG components was found to be preferred.

关键词： Bioelectric signals blinks eye movements scalp potentials out-of-plane model electroencephalogram signals residual ocular artefact in-plane model Electrical activity in neurophysiological processes linear model nerve structure and function Electrodiagnostics and other electrical measurement techniques Physiology of the eye filtering methods in signal processing signal representation least squares medical signal processing ocular artefact removal eye estimated background EEG power EOG subtraction method vector representation filtering theory least squares approximations electroencephalography radial component

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Adaptive line enhancing plus modified signal averaging for ventricular late potential detection

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 1999年第16期35卷 1293-1295页

作者： Taboada-Crispi, A Lorenzo-Ginori, JV Lovely, DF Univ New Brunswick Inst Biomed Engn Fredericton NB E3B 5A3 Canada Univ Las Villas Fac Elect Engn Santa Clara 54830 Villa Clara Cuba

Adaptive line enhancing followed by a modified signal average is proposed, for ventricular late potential detection. The acquisition time is reduced five-fold to similar to 1 min, while maintaining standards in noise ... 详细信息

关键词： interference suppression VLP signal processing signal detection ECG filtering methods in signal processing modified signal averaging noise reduction adaptive line enhancing adaptive filters medical signal detection ventricular late potential detection Bioelectric signals Electrodiagnostics and other electrical measurement techniques medical signal processing acquisition time electrocardiography

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Efficient RFI suppression in SAR using LMS adaptive filter integrated with range/Doppler algorithm

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 1999年第8期35卷 629-630页

作者： Lord, RT Inggs, MR Univ Cape Town Radar Remote Sensing Grp ZA-7701 Rondebosch South Africa

Radio frequency interference (RFI) suppression in SAR images often requires a great amount of computation. The authors describe how significant computational savings can be achieved by integrating the RFI suppression stage, implemented with a least-mean-squared (LMS) adaptive filter, with the range compression stage of the range/Doppler SAR processing algorithm.

关键词： interference suppression Doppler radar RFI suppression Electromagnetic compatibility and interference filtering methods in signal processing radiofrequency interference adaptive filters radar imaging radar interference LMS adaptive filter SAR image processing Doppler algorithm synthetic aperture radar range compression Radar theory least mean squares methods

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