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Conference on Photonic Crystal Materials and Nanostructures

作者： Cabuz, AI Centeno, E Cassagne, D Univ Montpellier 2 CNRS UM2 5650 Grp Etude Semicond F-34095 Montpellier 05 France

ISBN: (纸本)0819453730

In this work, we show that photonic crystals with geometries of lower symmetry, such as the rectangular geometry, are uniquely suited for applications involving the superprism effect. The extra degree of freedom provided by the anisotropy of the unit cell allows more freedom in searching for suitable iso-frequency curves. Also, the appearance of multiple orders of diffraction allows more than one incident plane wave to couple to the same Bloch mode. This extra degree of freedom is decisive when trying to optimize the transmission. We illustrate this on a particular rectangular configuration which insures a strong angular superprism effect, a well collimated transmitted beam, and power transmissions of up to 80%. We also study the effect of the incident beam width on the super-prism effect, and propose a possible solution to the problem of beam diffraction at the exit surface.

关键词： Crystals Photonic crystals Laser crystals Interfaces Diffraction finite-difference time-domain method Solids Wave propagation Collimation Dispersion

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High-extraction-efficiency blue light-emitting diode using extended-pitch photonic crystal

High-extraction-efficiency blue light-emitting diode using e...

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9th Microptics Conference (MOC 03)

作者： Orita, K Tamura, S Takizawa, T Ueda, T Yuri, M Takigawa, S Ueda, D Matsushita Elect Ind Co Ltd Semicond Co Semicond Device Res Ctr Osaka 5691193 Japan

We have integrated the surface photonic crystal (PhC) on GaN-based blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for the first time in order to enhance the extraction efficiency of the LEDs. With the finite-difference time-domain method, we have calculated 3.6-fold enhancement in light output. The theoretical calculations have revealed that the optimum pitch of the PhC is much longer than the emission wavelength when the distance between the PhC and the active layer of LEDs is short. This design enables PhC formation on chemically stable GaN surfaces. In addition, an indium tin oxide (ITO)-based transparent electrode is formed directly on the surface of PhC to realize light emission from the whole area of the LED. The fabricated PhCs have increased the light output of blue LEDs by 1.5 times compared with the LEDs without PhC. We have demonstrated that PhC will realize highly efficient solid-state lighting with GaN-based LEDs.

关键词： photonic crystal GaN LED extraction efficiency finite-difference time-domain method

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AMR FDTD solver for nanophotonic and plasmonic applications

AMR FDTD solver for nanophotonic and plasmonic applications

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Conference Optics and Photonic Integrated Circuits

作者： Moloney, JV Zakharian, A Dineen, C Brio, M Univ Arizona Arizona Ctr Math Sci Tucson AZ 85721 USA

Uniform, nonuniform and adaptive mesh refinement FDTD approaches to solving 3D Maxwell's equations are compared and contrasted. Specific applications of such schemes to optical memory, nanophotonics and plasmonics... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819453749

关键词： finite-difference time-domain method Surface plasmons Nanophotonics Optical storage Metals Plasmonics Interfaces Maxwell's equations Thin films Computing systems

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Characterization of FDTD artifacts and modes in photonic crystals

Characterization of FDTD artifacts and modes in photonic cry...

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Conference on Integrated Optical Devices, Nanostructures, and Displays

作者： López-Alonso, JM Rico-García, JM Alda, J Univ Complutense Madrid Dept Opt Sch Opt Madrid 28037 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0819455717

FDTD algorithms are being used as a numeric tool for the analysis of photonic crystals. The definition of the modes associated with them is of interest for the study of the capabilities of photonic crystal devices. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been applied here to a sequence of images corresponding to the electromagnetic fields obtained from the FDTD simulations. PCA has revealed and quantified the importance of the modes appearing in the photonic crystals. The capability of PCA to produce spatial structures, or maps, associated with temporal evolutions has made possible the calculation of the modulus and phase of the modes existing in the photonic crystal. Some other modes, contributing with an almost negligible amount to the total variance of the original data, are also revealed by the method. Besides, PCA has been used to quantify the contribution of the numerical noise of the algorithm and to identify the effect of artifacts related with the matching of the computational grid and the inner geometry of the photonic crystal.

关键词： Principal component analysis Photonic crystals finite-difference time-domain method Electromagnetism Optical microcavities Statistical analysis Analytical research Computer simulations Photonic crystal devices Refraction

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Strain-tunable photonic band gap microcavity waveguides in silicon at 1.55 μm

Strain-tunable photonic band gap microcavity waveguides in s...

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Conference on Tuning the Optical Response of Photonic Bandgap Structures

作者： Wong, CW Yang, XD Rakich, PT Johnson, SG Qi, MH Jeon, Y Barbastathis, G Kim, SG Columbia Univ New York NY 10027 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454494

The majority of photonic crystals developed till-date are not dynamically tunable, especially in silicon-based structures. Dynamic tunability is required not only for reconfiguration of the optical characteristics based on user-demand, but also for compensation against external disturbances and relaxation of tight device fabrication tolerances. Recent developments in photonic crystals have suggested interesting possibilities for static small-strain modulations to affect the optical characteristics(1-3), including a proposal for dynamic strain-tunability(4). Here we report the theoretical analysis, device fabrication, and experimental measurements of tunable silicon photonic band gap microcavities in optical waveguides, through direct application of dynamic strain to the 6 periodic structures(5). The device concept consists of embedding the microcavity waveguide on a deformable SiO2 membrane. The membrane is strained through integrated thin-film piezoelectric microactuators. We show a 1.54 nm shift in cavity resonances at 1.56 mum wavelengths for an applied piezoelectric strain of 0.04%. This is in excellent agreement with our modeling, predicted through first-order semi-analytical perturbation theo and finite-difference time-domain calculations. The measured microcavity transmission shows resonances between 1.55 to 1.57 gm, with Q factors ranging from 159 to 280. For operation at infrared wavelengths, we integrate X-ray and electron-beam lithography (for critical 100 nm feature sizes) with thin-film piezoelectric surface micromachining. This level of integration permits realizable silicon-based photonic chip devices, such as high-density optical filters and spontaneous-emission enhancement devices with tunable configurations.

关键词： Optical microcavities Silicon Waveguides Ferroelectric materials finite-difference time-domain method Photonic crystals Photonic microstructures Thin films X-ray lithography Microactuators

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Simulation of complex photonic materials and devices

Simulation of complex photonic materials and devices

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Conference on Complex Mediums V - Light and Complexity

作者： Hess, O Univ Surrey Adv Technol Inst Guildford GU2 7HX Surrey England

ISBN: (纸本)081945446X

Todays progress in the materials sciences and nano-structure technologies open up a conception of novel photonic materials and devices with designed characteristics and functionalities: Photonic crystals and synthetic opals guide and control light, semiconductor quantum dots become customized coherent photon sources and base material for new lasers. The paper gives an overview of the (super-) computer simulation of these novel complex photonic materials and devices. It reports on advances in three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations of the materials properties and the design the functionality of complex layered planar photonic crystals and inverse opals. Multi-scale non-linear partial differential Maxwell-Bloch equations form a basis for the simulation of three-dimensional inhomogeneous quantum dot ensembles that give an insight into the complex dynamics of quantum dot lasers.

关键词： Photonic crystals Waveguides Quantum dots Semiconductor lasers Dielectrics Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers finite-difference time-domain method Polarization Quantum dot lasers Semiconductors

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Higher order tangential vector finite elements for 3-D antenna array structures

Higher order tangential vector finite elements for 3-D anten...

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6th International Workshop on finite Element methods for Microwave Engineering

作者： Zygiridis, TT Kantartzis, NV Tsiboukis, TD Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki Dept Elect & Comp Engn Appl & Computat Electromagnet Lab GR-54124 Thessaloniki Greece

The radiation properties of several contemporary array structures in three-dimensional problems are numerically investigated by implementing an advanced second-order tangential vector finite element (TVFE) methodology. The choice and the development of the proposed strategy is justified, since it provides a more precise field representation compared to the first-order edge elements and enables its utilization within coarse meshes without reducing the accuracy of the calculated solution. The latter observation becomes more important when electrically large domains are modeled, as their study with low-order elements usually calls for a fine discretization and, consequently, results in a large number of unknowns. In this paper we mainly focus on arrays of patch antennas with linear and planar configurations, while cases where beam steering is investigated are also taken into account. For comparison purposes, our study incorporates results obtained with a higher order nonstandard finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, which efficiently overcomes some of the deficiencies concerning the conventional Yee algorithm.

关键词： antenna arrays higher order methods finite-difference time-domain method numerical modeling vector finite elements

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Two-dimensional photonic crystal polarization splitter

Two-dimensional photonic crystal polarization splitter

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Photonics Asia 2004;Optoelectronics,Microelectronics,and Nanotech

作者： Mingyu Li1, Peifu Gu, Jie Xing, Yiyu Li State Key laboratory of modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027

A method is introduced to fabricate two-dimensional photonic crystal polarization splitter, which is based on the deposition of multiplayer films onto a grating. The plane-wave expansion method and th

关键词： photonic crystal polarization splitter bandgap finite-difference time-domain method

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Surface plasmon effects on the far-field signals of AgO_x-type super resolution near-field structure

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JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS & REVIEW PAPERS 2004年第7B期43卷 4713-4717页

作者： Liu, WC Ng, MY Tsai, DP Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Dept Phys Taipei 116 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Dept Phys Taipei 10617 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Ctr Nanostorage Res Taipei 10617 Taiwan

A super-resolution near-field structure (Super-RENS) of AgOx type could perform the task of high-density near-field optical recording in a more feasible way. To further explore the optical resolution and controllability of super-RENS disks, the near-field and far-field optical properties of the AgOx-type super-RENS embedded with random silver nanoparticles and nano cavities of different densities were studied using finite-difference time-domain simulations. The random nanostructures yielded super-resolution capability, but the surface plasmon effects generated by the random metallic nanoparticles significantly enhanced the far-field signals. A simplified Fourier optical theory was proposed to understand the relationship between the enhanced near field of random nanostructures and the super-resolution capability in the far field.

关键词： super-resolution near-field structure localized surface plasmon metallic nanoparticles finite-difference time-domain method

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High-extraction-efficiency blue light-emitting diode using extended-pitch photonic crystal

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JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS 2004年第8B期43卷 5809-5813页

作者： Orita, K Tamura, S Takizawa, T Ueda, T Yuri, M Takigawa, S Ueda, D Matsushita Elect Ind Co Ltd Semicond Co Semicond Device Res Ctr Osaka 5691193 Japan

关键词： photonic crystal GaN LED extraction efficiency finite-difference time-domain method

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