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Misorientations across interfaces in spark plasma-sintered WC-Co cemented carbides

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY 2025年第2期108卷

作者： Yuan, Xiaokun Zhao, Shixian Wei, Chongbin Liu, Xingwei Beijing Univ Technol Coll Mat & Engn Beijing Peoples R China

This interdisciplinary work concerns misorientations across various interfaces in spark plasma-sintered (SPSed) WC-Co cemented carbides, as well as how these misorientations affect the intergranular fracture. The whole boundaries in cemented carbides were divided according to the phases on the two sides of the boundary plane, and carbide/carbide grain boundaries were further divided according to the misorientation across the boundary plane. Stereological statistics and five-parameter analysis were comprehensively performed on the concerned boundary types. For Sigma 2 carbide/carbide boundaries, multiple boundary structures are observed. How Sigma 2 twist inhibits intergranular fracture and how such boundary structure is formed are analyzed. For random carbide/carbide boundaries, the habit planes that they are terminated by are calibrated, and their responses to intergranular fracture are examined according to their energy anisotropy. For WC/alpha-cobalt and WC/beta-cobalt phase boundaries, misorientations across these boundary planes and the corresponding crack propagation routines are illustrated. On these bases, approaches to improve the fracture strength of SPSed cemented carbides are suggested. This interdisciplinary work concerns misorientations across various interfaces in spark plasma-sintered (SPSed) WC-Co cemented carbides, as well as how these misorientations affect the intergranular fracture. Taken Sigma 2 carbide/carbide boundaries as an example, how Sigma 2 twist inhibits intergranular fracture and how such boundary structure is formed are analyzed. Efforts to improve the fracture strength of SPSed cemented carbides are also suggested. image

关键词： cemented carbide five-parameter analysis grain boundary plane distribution misorientation phase boundary character distribution

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Temperature driven texture and grain boundary engineering of electrodeposited β-Sn coatings and its effect on the coating corrosion behaviour: five-parameter grain boundary character distribution analysis study

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SCRIPTA MATERIALIA 2021年 196卷 113763-113763页

作者： Gupta, Abhay Srivastava, Chandan Indian Inst Sci Dept Mat Engn Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India

Sn coatings were electrodeposited at four different temperatures (24 degrees C, 47 degrees C, 70 degrees C, and 80 degrees C) over mild steel. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed the highest and lowest corrosion resistance for Sn coating fabricated at 70 degrees C (Sn3 coating) and 80 degrees C, respectively. Electron backscattered diffraction technique was utilized to correlate the electrochemical properties with the coating texture. A significant increase in the low angle grain boundary fraction was noticed with an increase in the electrodeposition temperature. five-parameter grain boundary character distribution analysis revealed that the highest fraction of (031)[01(3) over bar] twin boundaries at 62.8 degrees/[100] misorientation and a high fraction of exposed low energy {100} planar orientations led to the highest corrosion resistance for Sn3 coating. Whereas a low fraction of (031)[01(3) over bar] twin boundaries with a high fraction of exposed high energy 'near-(110)' planar orientations led to the poor corrosion resistance of Sn coating fabricated at 80 degrees C. (C) 2021 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sn Electron backscatter diffraction five-parameter analysis Grain boundary Misorientation

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Microstructure evolution of 316L stainless steel during solid-state additive friction stir deposition

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PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE 2022年第7期102卷 618-633页

作者： Beladi, Hossein Farabi, Ehsan Hodgson, Peter D. Barnett, Matthew R. Rohrer, Gregory S. Fabijanic, Daniel Deakin Univ Inst Frontier Mat Geelong Vic 3216 Australia Carnegie Mellon Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

Solid-state additive friction stir deposition was employed to three dimensionally print a 316L stainless steel. The microstructure, texture and grain boundary distribution were characterised using five-parameter boundary analysis. The bulk microstructure was exceptionally fine (similar to 0.7 mu m) throughout the thickness of the deposited layers, consisting of equiaxed grains along with sub-grains delineated by high and low angle boundary segments. The misorientation angle distribution of the deposited layers was considerably different from the as-received microstructure, exhibiting a significant reduction in the relative areas of Sigma 3 annealing twin boundaries due to their distortion by severe plastic deformation. The overall texture also exhibited strong shear components associated with FCC metals, suggesting that the microstructure refinement largely took place through progressive subgrain rotation, known as continuous dynamic recrystallisation. The grain boundary plane distribution revealed significantly lower anisotropy compared with the as-received material, showing two moderate peaks at the (111) and (110) orientations. The migration of high-angle mobile boundaries, which may have been induced by thermal cycle upon subsequent deposition along with the dislocation gradients between adjacent grains, slightly enhanced the intensity of low energy (111) orientations at the expense of (110) high-energy boundaries.

关键词： Additive stir friction deposition continuous dynamic recrystallisation grain boundary network five-parameter analysis

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Anisotropic Distribution of Phase Boundaries and its Potential Correlation with Magnetic Properties in a Sintered NdFeB Permanent Magnet

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PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS 2020年第1期257卷 1900326-1900326页

作者： Yuan, Xiaokun Zhu, Jie Beijing Univ Technol Coll Mat Sci & Engn Beijing 100124 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Beijing State Key Lab Adv Met & Mat Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

This work reports the grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) on a statistical meaning of phase boundaries that are between Nd2Fe14B and thin-layer-like Nd-rich phases in a sintered NdFeB magnet. In the low-textured sample, the phase boundaries are divided into preferred phase boundaries (with a preferred misorientation of 31 degrees/[001] across the boundary plane) and random phase boundaries. By the five parameter analysis (FPA) method, the orientations of phase boundaries as well as the subsets are textured. The correlation between the GBCDs and magnetic properties is suggested via the illustrated anisotropic features at phase boundary positions.

关键词： electron backscatter diffraction five-parameter analysis grain boundary character distribution NdFeB magnets orientation texture phase boundary planes

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Effect of manganese on the grain boundary network of lath martensite in precipitation hardenable stainless steels

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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS 2021年 886卷 161333-161333页

作者： Govindaraj, Vinothkumar Farabi, Ehsan Kada, Sitarama Hodgson, Peter D. Singh, Rajkumar P. Rohrer, Gregory S. Beladi, Hossein Deakin Univ Inst Frontier Mat Geelong Vic 3216 Australia Bharat Forge Kalyani Ctr Technol & Innovat Pune 411036 Maharashtra India Carnegie Mellon Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

The fully martensitic microstructures of a manganese bearing precipitation hardenable (PH) stainless steel and a commercial 17-4 PH steel were compared to investigate the influence of chemical composition on the grain boundary network of the lath martensitic microstructure. The martensitic transformation in both steels led to the bimodal misorientation angle distribution having multiple maxima at misorientations in the range of 10-15 degrees and 50-60 degrees. This closely matched with the misorientations between variants associated with the Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship (K-S OR). However, the Mn addition appeared to relatively reduce the area of boundaries with misorientations near 60 degrees. This was a result of the reduction in the area of 60 degrees/[011] intervariant boundaries in the Mn bearing steel. The phenomenological theory of martensite revealed that the Mn addition altered the 3-variant clustering (i.e., V1V3V5) in 17-4PH steel to the 4-varaint clustering (i.e., V1V2V3V5) arrangement to minimize the strain associated with the displacive martensitic transformation, promoting the population of 60 degrees/[111] intervariant boundaries at the expense of 60 degrees/[011] intervariant boundary. The changes in local variant selection affected the connectivity of the grain boundary network, suggesting that grain boundary network characteristics (i.e., population and connectivity) of the lath martensite microstructure can be manipulated by altering the chemical composition of the steel. The five-parameter grain boundary analysis for both martensitic steels, however, revealed similar grain boundary plane distributions for all boundaries associated with the K-S OR, being terminated on {011} planes due to the constraint that results from the displacive phase transformation. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lath martensite Grain boundary network 17-4 PH five-parameter analysis Phenomenological theory of martensite

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Evolution of interface character distribution in duplex stainless steel processed by cross-rolling and annealing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第11期34卷 2160-2166页

作者： Ming Wang Ting Xu Yanli Zhu Wenhong Yin Hong Guo Ertuan Zhao Xiaoying Fang Weiguo Wang School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255000 China Key Laboratory of Liaoning Advancecl Welding and Joining Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian 716024 China Center of Testing and Analysis Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255000 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou 350118 China

Duplex stainless steel UNS S31803 samples were cross-rolled with a true strain of ε = 2 followed by annealing at 1323 K for 2 min and 240 min, respectively. The distributions of intervariant boundary planes in the precipitated austenite（A） from ferrite（F） and phase boundary planes conforming to Kurdjumov-Sache（K-S） orientation relationship（OR） were characterized by electron backscatter diffraction（EBSD） and the five-para me ter analysis（FPA） method, respectively. The intervariant boundary planes with misorientation angle of 60° around 〈111 〉 and 〈011 〉 occur frequently and tend to terminate on the {111} plane. At the grain size level of 4 μm, the phase boundary appears to be connected with the K-S OR terminating on{110}F ｜｜ {111}A at the early stage of annealing. When the grain size reaches approximately 20 μm, phase boundary was modified into {541}F｜｜{533}A due to twinning in austenite during annealing.

关键词： lntervariant boundary plane Phase boundary Duplex stainless steel five-parameter analysis

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five-parameter grain boundary analysis of a titanium alloy before and after low-temperature annealing

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SCRIPTA MATERIALIA 2008年第3期58卷 183-186页

作者： Randle, V. Rohrer, G. S. Hu, Y. Univ Wales Swansea Sch Engn Mat Res Ctr Swansea W Glam Wales Carnegie Mellon Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

The five-parameter grain boundary analysis has been applied for the first time to a titanium alloy. The boundary distribution was related to the beta-to-alpha phase transformation and to deformation twinning. There was a very strong planes texture, only partially related to twinning, which did not diminish during long-duration, low-temperature annealing. (c) 2007 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： electron back-scatter diffraction titanium grain boundary plane five-parameter analysis

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Application of EBSD to the analysis of interface planes: evolution over the last two decades

Application of EBSD to the analysis of interface planes: evo...

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14th Conference and Workshop on Electron Backscatter Diffraction

作者： Randle, V. Swansea Univ Mat Res Ctr Swansea SA2 8PP W Glam Wales

Over the last two decades, several methods, of increasing sophistication, have evolved to measure boundary plane orientation by electron backscatter diffraction. Originally, metallographic sectioning was used to obtain the location of the boundary plane. The most recently designed approach allows the relative frequency distribution of boundary misorientation and boundary plane types to be obtained, for very large sample populations, by a stereological method. In this review, the progress in measuring boundary planes by electron backscatter diffraction is charted. Each technique is described in chronological order, illustrated by a series of examples, all relating to boundary plane reorientation.

关键词： electron backscatter diffraction five-parameter analysis grain boundary plane serial sectioning trace analysis

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Application of EBSD to the analysis of interface planes: evolution over the last two decades

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JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY 2008年第3期230卷 406-413页

作者： Randle, V. Swansea Univ Mat Res Ctr Swansea SA2 8PP W Glam Wales

关键词： electron backscatter diffraction five-parameter analysis grain boundary plane serial sectioning trace analysis

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Evolution of the grain boundary network as a consequence of deformation and annealing

Evolution of the grain boundary network as a consequence of ...

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International Symposium on Fundamentals of Deformation and Annealing

作者： Randle, Valerie Coleman, Mark Owen, Gregory Univ Coll Swansea Sch Engn Mat Res Ctr Swansea SA2 8PP W Glam Wales

ISBN: (纸本)9780878494347

Iterative processing, involving sequential deformation and annealing, has been carried out on copper specimens with the aim of grain boundary engineering (GBE) them. The data have provided some interesting insights into the mechanisms of GBE. The results have demonstrated that development of a high proportion of Sigma 3s is beneficial to properties, as shown by improved strain-to-failure for the same strength. The proportion of Sigma 3s saturates at approximately 60% length fraction. analysis of the data indicates that iterative processing is not always necessary for the development of beneficial properties, and it is further suggested that the condition of the starting specimen has a large influence on the subsequent microstructural development. The present, new data are also compared with previous research on copper where all five parameters of the grain boundary network population have been measured.

关键词： grain boundary engineering five-parameter analysis twinning grain boundary plane electron back-scatter diffraction

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