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19th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing (DSP)

作者： Song, Eunwoo Kang, Hong-Goo Lee, Joonil Yonsei Univ Digital Signal Proc Lab Seoul 120749 South Korea LG Elect Inc Digital TV Lab Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781479946129

This paper describes a fixed-point implementation method of the unified speech and audio coding (USAC) decoder that has been recently standardized by moving picture experts group (MPEG). Since the structure of USAC is too complicated to support both speech and audio signals, the quality and complexity issues must be carefully reviewed while performing fixed-point implementation. By analyzing the structure of the USAC decoder, this paper describes key ideas to successfully realize the fixed-point system. Subjective and objective test results verify that the implemented fixed-point decoder shows equivalent quality to the floating-point decoder. The average and worst cases of complexity depending on the type of encoding modes are also given in detail.

关键词： Unified speech and audio coding (USAC) speech coding audio coding fixed-point implementation

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Quantization Effects on Digital-PR-Controlled Active Power Filter

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IEEE JOURNAL OF EMERGING AND SELECTED TOPICS IN POWER ELECTRONICS 2023年第6期11卷 5785-5797页

作者： Gao, Chao He, Shan Cui, Boyuan Zhang, Boxue Ming, Lei Leung, Ka Nang Loh, Poh Chiang Chinese Univ Hong Kong Dept Elect Engn Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Aalborg Univ Dept Energy DK-9220 Aalborg Denmark Hebei Univ Technol State Key Lab Reliabil & Intelligence Elect Equipm Tianjin 300130 Peoples R China

Digital proportional-resonant (PR) controllers have proven effective when used with an active power filter (APF) to compensate for nonlinear load harmonics. Their performances may, however, degrade significantly when implemented with a low-end microcontroller due to coefficient quantization errors. The extent of the degradation depends on the chosen operator, form of the second-order resonant module, and the structure for implementing the PR controller. These three factors are now comprehensively evaluated to find suitable schemes for implementing an example sixth-order PR controller for an APF. The target is to retain accurate tracking even when realized with a low bit count. Furthermore, to quantify the analysis, the sensitivity of poles and zeros (SPZ) and the sensitivity of gain (SG) have been defined to index quantization influences on different implementations. The computed SPZ and SG trends have then been borrowed for explaining the simulation and experimental results presented in this article, and identifying three suitable realization forms with lower coefficient sensitivities.

关键词： Active power filter delta operator fixed-point implementation quantization error resonant controller

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Reduced-Complexity Low-Latency Logarithmic Successive Cancellation Stack Polar Decoding for 5G New Radio and Its Software implementation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2020年第11期69卷 12449-12458页

作者： Xiang, Luping Zhong, Shida Maunder, Robert G. Hanzo, Lajos Univ Southampton Elect & Comp Sci Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England Shenzhen Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China

An efficient Fast logarithmic successive cancellation stack (Log-SCS) polar decoding algorithm is proposed along with its software implementation using single instruction multiple data (SIMD) style processing. Quantitatively, we reduce the decoding complexity by 50% on average, while simultaneously attaining a decoding latency that is only 21% of that of the state-of-the-art Fast successive cancellation list (SCL) polar decoder's software implementation. This is achieved without any loss of error correction performance by applying simplified path-metric (PM) computations for the rate-0, rate-1 and repetition sub-graphs of the proposed Fast Log-SCS decoder. Furthermore, a software implementation of the 32-bit fixed-point Fast Log-SCS polar decoder is conceived for x86 processors, which maintains the same block error ratio (BLER) as the floating-point Log-SCS polar decoder. Additionally, our software implementation is accelerated using SIMD instructions by relying on 512-bit Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX-512) and recursive template meta-programming for the first time, achieving a parallelism of 16, which makes it eminently suitable for the low-latency requirements of software-defined radio systems.

关键词： Decoding Polar codes Parallel processing Complexity theory Program processors Polar codes Log-SCS decoder fixed-point implementation SIMD

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Efficient FPGA implementation of a Digital Predistorter for Power Amplifier Linearization

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CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2020年第11期39卷 5618-5637页

作者： Rahmanian, Shahabuddin Bateni, Mohammad Hossein Yazdian, Ehsan Isfahan Univ Technol Res Inst Avion Esfahan *** Iran Isfahan Univ Technol Dept Elect & Comp Engn Esfahan *** Iran

This paper presents a fixed point design and implementation of a low-complexity high-throughput digital predistorter (DPD) on FPGA. Based on the memory polynomial model, a parallel structure is proposed for the implementation of the DPD and the effects of the fixed-point implementation on the performance are analyzed employing fidelity metrics such as modulation error ratio and adjacent channel power ratio. According to this analysis, an optimized fixed-point hardware implementation of the proposed DPD with proper word lengths is presented. Besides some simplifications to the proposed structure, a number of effective modifications are proposed for clock enhancement. The improved clock frequency of the proposed implementation makes it a fit choice for application over communication signals with considerable bandwidth. The required hardware and the maximum clock rate corresponding to these modifications are evaluated and reported. The performance of the proposed DPD in linearization of an actual power amplifier (PA) is also experimentally evaluated, through application of an appropriate hardware setup. Experimental results show about 11 dB ACPR improvement in the PA output for a 128-QAM test signal. The moderate hardware resource requirement of the proposed high-throughput DPD is also verified through comparison with some remarkable works in the same area.

关键词： Digital pre-distorter (DPD) Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) fixed-point implementation

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A Multimode Transverse Dynamic Force Microscope-Design, Identification, and Control

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS 2020年第6期67卷 4729-4740页

作者： Zhang, Kaiqiang Hatano, Toshiaki Herrmann, Guido Antognozzi, Massimo Edwards, Chirstopher Thang Tien Nguyen Burgess, Stuart C. Miles, Mervyn Univ Bristol Mech Engn Dept Bristol BS8 1TR Avon England Univ Bristol Bristol BS8 1TR Avon England Hitachi Hitachi R&D Hitachinaka Ibaraki 3120034 Japan Univ Manchester Dept Elect & Elect Engn Manchester M13 9PL Lancs England Univ Bristol Sch Phys Bristol BS8 1TL Avon England Univ Exeter Exeter EX4 4SB Devon England Ton Duc Thang Univ Fac Elect & Elect Engn Modeling Evolutionary Algorithms Simulat & Artifi Ho Chi Minh City 756636 Vietnam

The transverse dynamic force microscope (TDFM) and its shear force sensing principle permit true noncontact force detection in contrast to typical atomic force microscopes. The two TDFM measurement signals for the cantilever allow, in principle, two different scanning modes of which, in particular, the second presented here permits a full-scale noncontact scan. Previous research work mainly focused on developing the sensing mechanism, whereas this paper investigates the vertical axis dynamics for advanced robust closed-loop control. This paper presents a new TDFM digital control solution, built on field-programmable gate array equipment running at high implementation frequencies. The integrated control system allows the implementation of online customizable controllers, and raster scans in two modes at very high detection bandwidth and nanoprecision. Robust control algorithms are designed, implemented, and practically assessed. The two realized scanning modes are experimentally evaluated by imaging nanospheres with known dimensions in wet conditions.

关键词： Sensors Probes Field programmable gate arrays Oscillators Force Microscopy Bandwidth Control arithmetic optimization fixed-point implementation nanoprecision control scanning-probe microscopy

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fixed point simulation of compressed sensing and reconstruction 4

Fixed point simulation of compressed sensing and reconstruct...

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Conference on Computational Imaging IV

作者： Gupta, Pravir Singh Choi, Gwan Seong Texas A&M Univ College Stn TX 77843 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510626461

This work presents a fixed point simulation of Compressed Sensing (CS) and reconstruction for Super-Resolution task using Image System Engineering Toolbox (ISET). This work shows that performance of CS for superresolution in fixed point implementation is similar to floating point implementation and there is negligible loss in reconstruction quality. It also shows that CS Super-Resolution requires much less computation effort compared to CS using Gaussian Random matrices. Additionally, it also studies the effect of Analog-to-Digital-Converter (ADC) bitwidth and image sensor noise on reconstruction performance. CS super-resolution cuts the raw data bits generated from image sensor by more than half and conversion of reconstruction algorithm to fixed point allows one to simplify the hardware implementation by replacing expensive floating point computational units with faster and energy efficient fixed point units.

关键词： Compressed Sensing ISET Binning Super-Resolution fixed-point implementation

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Very Efficient Tone Reservation PAPR Reduction Fully Compatible With ATSC 3.0 Standard: Performance and Practical implementation Analysis

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IEEE ACCESS 2018年 6卷 58355-58372页

作者： Lahbabi, Naila Bulusu, S. S. Krishna Chaitanya Helard, Jean-Francois Crussiere, Matthieu Univ Rennes 1 INSA Rennes CNRS Res Inst Elect & Telecommun UMR6164 F-35000 Rennes France Mahindra Ecole Cent Hyderabad 500043 India

A common issue in any multicarrier communication system such as the American digital video broadcasting (ATSC 3.0) standard is the high peaks of the transmitted signal. This disadvantage constrains the high power amplifiers to be deployed in their linear region which lowers their power efficiency. To overcome this issue, various techniques aiming at reducing the signal fluctuations have been investigated. Recently, Tone Reservation (TR)-based algorithms have been studied and proposed for the second generation of digital video broadcasting (DVB-T2) and ATSC 3.0 standards. The algorithm is essentially based on an iterative gradient approach to cancel one peak of the time-domain signal at each iteration. In this paper, we propose a novel TR-based algorithm implementable and compatible with the ATSC 3.0 standard and named as grouped carrier peak windowing (GCPW). This algorithm is based on a new kernel definition targeting the cancellation of multiple signal peaks at a time which highly reduces the total number of iterations, therefore reducing the system global latency and being more suited for implementation in today's ATSC 3.0 transmitters. Taking into account hardware resources requirements, we propose a new method to select the highest signal peaks to be considered in the PAPR reduction process. Hence, the system latency, complexity, and memory resources are reduced and better performance than the ATSC 3.0 gradient-based algorithm can be offered. The implementation of the GCPW algorithm in fixed-point architectures is also studied and optimized in this paper. We demonstrate through simulation results that the proposed algorithm offers very good performance/latency/complexity/memory tradeoff in both floating and fixed point implementations.

关键词： OFDM broadcasting peak-to-average power ratio power control ATSC 3.0 non-linear HPA modulation error ratio tone reservation computational complexity kernel optimization latency fixed-point implementation quantization

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Fractional-Octave Filters for Energy-Efficient Noise Measurement for Sensor Networks 10

Fractional-Octave Filters for Energy-Efficient Noise Measure...

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10th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT) - Emerging Technologies for Connected Society

作者： Schimmel, Jiri Sysel, Petr Krajsa, Ondrej Rysavy, Marek Brno Univ Technol Dept Telecommun FEEC Brno Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9781538693605

This paper deals with design of digital bandpass filters for fixed-point arithmetic that fulfills requirements of IEC 61260-1 standard for fractional-octave-band filters. The filters use coupled form and downsampling that provides good approximation of the relative attenuation for fractional-octaveband filters and good stability at low-power fixed-point microprocessors which are essential for energy-efficient processing in sensor networks. For the 16-bit resolution, the IEC 61260-1 Class 1 requirements are fulfilled for designed octave-band filters from 63 Hz and for third-octave-band filters from 50 Hz. implementation of the IEC 61260-1 fractionaloctave- band filters in low-power noise sensors enables advanced measurements that conform international standards for noise measurements in the smart city or in other sensor network infrastructures.

关键词： fractional-octave-band filters coupled-form filter fixed-point implementation noise measurement loudness

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Simplified RPE Algorithm and its fixed-point implementation

Simplified RPE Algorithm and its Fixed-Point Implementation

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2011 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation(2011年第四届智能计算技术与自动化国际会议 ICICTA 2011)

作者： Yuan Hongxing Wu Shaoqun Zha Changjun MARVELL Technology (beijing) Ltd Hefei Branch Hefei Anhui 230001 China Institute of Vocational and Technical Education East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 Chi Department of Electronics & Electrical Engineering Hefei College Hefei Anhui 230601 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781612842899

In mobile communication it is necessary to remove acoustic echo. Most acoustic echo cancellation algorithms are sensitive to double-talk Recursive prediction error (RPE) algorithm is one of the best solutions to such problem. However integrating the algorithm into headsets is a challenging task due to conversion from floating-point to fixed-point To address this problem, the simplification approach and fixed-point implementation are proposed. Simulation results validate the simplification and its fixedpoint implementation.

关键词： Acoustic Echo Caned Recursive Prediction fixed-point implementation

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QRD-LSL ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMS SUITABLE FOR fixed-point implementation

QRD-LSL ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMS SUITABLE FOR FIXED-POINT IMPLEME...

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5th Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications

作者： Paleologu, Constantin Enescu, Andrei Alexandru Ciochina, Silviu Albu, Felix Univ Politehn Bucuresti Dept Telecommun Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781424438402

In a previous study we proposed a modified version of the recursive least-square (RLS) adaptive algorithm suitable for fixed-point implementation. Using an asymptotically unbiased estimator for the algorithm's cost function we reduced the dynamic range of this parameter. In this paper, we extend the procedure for the case of QR-decomposition-based least-squares lattice (QRD-LSL) adaptive algorithm, a "fast" member of RLS family, with good numerical properties. The reduced dynamics of the algorithm's parameters leads to facility for fixed-point implementation. The simulations performed on a fixed-point digital signal processor (DSP) sustain the practical aspects of the theoretical findings.

关键词： Adaptive filters fixed-point implementation QR-decomposition-based least-squares lattice (QRD-LSL) algorithm

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