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IEEE Wireless Power Technology Conference and Expo (WPTCE)

作者： Ramezani, Ali Wang, Sitan Perry, Matthew eLeapPower Toronto ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337372

This paper presents a new foreign object detection (FOD) sensor coil layout that is robust against the misalignment of the wireless charging system. In a wireless charging system, it is important to detect the presence of metal objects to avoid overheating them due to eddy losses generated by the magnetic field of the transmitter coil. Conventionally, an array of symmetrically placed coils is used to detect metal objects. The voltage difference between complementary pairs of coils is measured and compared with previous measurements. The presence of the metal object changes the induced voltage across the sensor coil facing the metal object. If any deviation from previously measured differential voltages between complementary coils is detected, the FOD system will trigger, and the metal object will be detected. In an EV wireless charging application, misalignment of the charging pads is inevitable due to driver inaccuracy. Conventional FOD methods fail to operate under misalignment conditions due to unsymmetrical design with respect to the misalignment of the coils. In this paper, by designing the sensor coils symmetrical with respect to the misalignment direction, the proposed FOD system can operate indifferently to charging coil misalignment.

关键词： Wireless power transfer foreign object detection passive metal object detection

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A review on foreign object detection for magnetic coupling-based electric vehicle wireless charging

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2022年第2期1卷 19-32页

作者： Yong Tian Wenhui Guan Guang Li Kamyar Mehran Jindong Tian Lijuan Xiang College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy(SZ) Shenzhen 518060China School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen PolytechnicShenzhen 518055China

With the rapid development and widespread application of electric vehicles(EVs)around the world,the wireless power transfer(WPT)technology is also accelerating for commercial applications in EV wireless charging(EV-WPT)because of its high reliability,safety,and convenience,especially high suitability for the future self-driving *** object detection(FOD),mainly including metal object detection and living object detection,is required urgently and timely for the practical application of EV-WPT technology to ensure electromagnetic *** the last decade,especially in the past three years,many pieces of research on FOD have been *** article reviews FOD state-of-the-art technology for EV-WPT and compares the pros and cons of different approaches in terms of sensitivity,reliability,adaptability,complexity,and *** challenges for research and development are also discussed to encourage commercialisation of EV-WPT technique.

关键词： Wireless power transfer foreign object detection Metal object detection Living object detection Electric vehicles

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foreign object detection of Wireless Power Transfer System Using Sensor Coil

Foreign Object Detection of Wireless Power Transfer System U...

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IEEE Wireless Power Week (WPW) / IEEE MTT-S Wireless Power Transfer Conference (WPTC) / IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies - Wireless Power (WoW)

作者： Son, Seokhyeon Lee, Seonghi Rhee, Jaewon Shin, Yujun Woo, Seongho Huh, Sungryul Lee, Changmin Ahn, Seungyoung Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Div Future Vehicle Daejeon South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol CCS Grad Sch Green Transportat Daejeon South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781728196336

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) system are used in many areas due to their advantages such as safety, aesthetics, and convenience. The WPT system are being applied not only smartphones that are common around us, but also to various electronics and medical devices. In particular, in the case of Electric Vehicle (EV), researches are steadily underway to apply the WPT system to solve the problem of battery dependence. Inductive power transfer (IPT) is the most popular WPT method to transfer power using the magnetic field. However, foreign object (FO) in WPT system can be heated by strong magnetic field and can lead to fires. Also, it can reduce power transfer efficiency. The risk of fire in a WPT system such as EVs, which require large power, is a major obstacle. Therefore, FO detection method is necessary for the safety and good performance. In this paper, we propose a foreign object detection method using sensor coils. The proposed method is simple and shows the good performance compared with conventional method.

关键词： foreign object detection Wireless Power Transfer Sensor Coil Mutual Inductance

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foreign object detection of Sintering Transport Belt Based on CNN

Foreign Object Detection of Sintering Transport Belt Based o...

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International-Federation-of-Automatic-Control (IFAC) Control Conference Africa (CCA)

作者： Xiao, C. K. Sun, B. Wang, Y. L. Qiu, L. D. Cent South Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Changsha Peoples R China

Belt transportation is the most important transportation method in sintering production. Sintered products are often mixed with large gangue, ironware (grate bar, steel plate) leading to belt scratches, material plugging. In order to eliminate the influence of foreign objects on sintering production, this paper studies the detection of sinter foreign objects. The detection, classification and location of foreign objects are based on CNN, and non-maximum suppression is improved by considering the difference of image features between anchors. The detection model is proposed and the results indicate the effectiveness of the method. Copyright (C) 2021 The Authors.

关键词： Steel sintering Belt transportation foreign object detection NMS

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Camera-Adaptive foreign object detection for Coal Conveyor Belts

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APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2025年第9期15卷 4769-4769页

作者： Peng, Furong Hao, Kangjiang Lu, Xuan Shanxi Univ Inst Big Data Sci & Ind Taiyuan 030006 Peoples R China Shanxi Univ Coll Phys & Elect Engn Taiyuan 030006 Peoples R China

foreign object detection on coal mine conveyor belts is crucial for ensuring operational safety and efficiency. However, applying deep learning to this task is challenging due to variations in camera perspectives, which alter the appearance of foreign objects and their surrounding environment, thereby hindering model generalization. Despite these viewpoint changes, certain core characteristics of foreign objects remain consistent. Specifically, (1) foreign objects must be located on the conveyor belt, and (2) their surroundings are predominantly coal, rather than other objects. To leverage these stable features, we propose the Camera-Adaptive foreign object detection (CAFOD) model, designed to improve cross-camera generalization. CAFOD incorporates three main strategies: (1) Multi-View Data Augmentation (MVDA) simulates viewpoint variations during training, enabling the model to learn robust, viewpoint-invariant features;(2) Context Feature Perception (CFP) integrates local coal background information to reduce false detections outside the conveyor belt;and (3) Conveyor Belt Area Loss (CBAL) enforces explicit attention to the conveyor belt region, minimizing background interference. We evaluate CAFOD on a dataset collected from real coal mines using three distinct cameras. Experimental results demonstrate that CAFOD outperforms State-of-the-Art object detection methods, achieving superior accuracy and robustness across varying camera perspectives.

关键词： coal mine safety foreign object detection camera adaptability

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A foreign object detection Method using High Frequency Excitation for Wireless Power Transfer

A Foreign Object Detection Method using High Frequency Excit...

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Wireless Power Week (WPW)

作者： Ye, Weizhou Wang, Shouzheng Parspour, Nejila Univ Stuttgart Inst Elect Energy Convers D-70569 Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781665484459

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484459

A metal object detection (MOD) method based on impedance changes at high frequency (HF) is proposed for wireless power transfer (WPT) system. The impedance of the primary coil is found to be much more sensitive to metal object (MO) at self-resonant frequency, which is formed by self-inductance and its parasitic capacitance, than at operating frequency. Using this feature, a simple impedance detector for MOD utilizing HF excitation and current sensing is proposed. A series-series-compensated WPT system is used to verify this proposed MOD method, and experimental result shows small MOs can be detected effectively for offline as well as online WPT situations. Further more, by using circuits of HF-coupling, the impact on the WPT system itself is very limited, and additional detector coils for MOD covering the primary side are eliminated.

关键词： foreign object detection wireless power transfer

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Impedance Identification-Based foreign object detection for Wireless Power Transfer System 31

Impedance Identification-Based Foreign Object Detection for ...

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IEEE 31st International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)

作者： Wang, Jiacheng Gao, Jian Yang, Aixi Zhou, Jing Zhejiang Univ Coll Elect Engn Hangzhou Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Polytech Inst Hangzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665482400

Metal object detection can improve the safety and reliability of wireless charging systems. A foreign object detection (FOD) method using the impedance characteristics identified on the primary side of the wireless charging system is discussed. Taking the SS compensation network as an example, metric K-1 is used to determine the presence of metal foreign objects and metric K2 which qualitatively reflects the impact of metal foreign objects on the wireless charging system is further designed. To convert the solution of high-order non-linear circuit equations into optimization problems, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to improve real-time performance and detection accuracy. In simulation, coins and metal plates are successfully detected and distinguished through proposed metrics, which verifies the feasibility of the method.

关键词： Wireless charging system metal foreign object foreign object detection Particle swarm optimization impedance characteristics

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Research on foreign object detection in WPT System Based on Power Spectrum Estimation of Transmitter Current 34

Research on Foreign Object Detection in WPT System Based on ...

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34th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC)

作者： Li, Menghan Zhong, Wenxing Meng, Jun Zhejiang Univ Coll Elect Engn Hangzhou 310013 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665478960

During the work of the wireless energy transfer (WPT) system, foreign objects will inevitably enter into the system. The intervention of metal objects and living objects makes the system deviate from the normal operating point and even lead to safety accidents. Therefore, foreign object detection is of great significance. The existing methods of foreign object detection usually require additional sensors, which are costly. However, this paper argues that the WPT system is capable of self-sensing. The system's signal contains information about foreign objects, so there is no need to add additional sensors for foreign object detection. This paper studied the power spectral density curve of the transmitter current of the WPT system and found that the curve changed significantly when foreign objects entered the system. Accordingly, a foreign object detection system was designed. The method used the system's own characteristics only, making the system have the dual functions of power transmission and foreign object detection at the same time. The proposed method in this study provides new ideas and inspiration for further developing foreign object detection in the WPT system.

关键词： Wireless Power Transfer foreign object detection Power Spectrum Estimation Wavelet Transform

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A visual foreign object detection system for wireless charging of electric vehicles

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MACHINE VISION AND APPLICATIONS 2024年第4期35卷 69-69页

作者： Nejad, Bijan Shahbaz Roch, Peter Handte, Marcus Marron, Pedro Jose Univ Duisburg Essen Networked Embedded Syst Schutzenbahn 70 D-45127 Essen Germany

Wireless charging of electric vehicles can be achieved by installing a transmitter coil into the ground and a receiver coil at the underbody of a vehicle. In order to charge efficiently, accurate alignment of the charging components must be accomplished, which can be achieved with a camera-based positioning system. Due to an air gap between both charging components, foreign objects can interfere with the charging process and pose potential hazards to the environment. Various foreign object detection systems have been developed with the motivation to increase the safety of wireless charging. In this paper, we propose a foreign object detection technique that utilizes the integrated camera of an embedded positioning system. Due to operation in an outdoor environment, we cannot determine the types of objects that may occur in advance. Accordingly, our approach achieves object-type independence by learning the features of the charging surface, to then classify anomalous regions as foreign objects. To examine the capability of detecting foreign objects, we evaluate our approach by conducting experiments with images depicting known and unknown object types. For the experiments, we use an image dataset recorded by a positioning camera of an operating wireless charging station in an outdoor environment, which we published alongside our research. As a benchmark system, we employ YOLOv8 (Jocher et al. in Ultralytics YOLO, 2023), a state-of-the-art neural network that has been used in various contexts for foreign object detection. While we acknowledge the performance of YOLOv8 for known object types, our approach achieves up to 18% higher precision and 46% higher detection success for unknown objects.

关键词： Computer vision Electric vehicles Wireless charging foreign object detection Machine learning

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Method of Non-blind-zone foreign object detection in Wireless Power Transfer System 9

Method of Non-blind-zone Foreign Object Detection in Wireles...

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IEEE 9th International Conference on Power Electronics Systems and Applications (PESA)

作者： Xiao, Jing Guo, Xiaoxuan Shi, Haonan Bai, Pengfei Gong, Wenlan Tang, Chunsen Southern Power Grid Corp Wireless Power Transmiss Joint Lab Guangzhou Peoples R China Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd Elect Power Res Inst Nanning Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Coll Automat Chongqing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665486682

A non-blind-zone foreign object detection (FOD) scheme in Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) system is proposed, based on the impedance characteristics of the detection coil with double-layer structure. In this scheme, a double-layer coil is designed through the partition of the detection coil to achieve the uniformity of the distribution of the magnetic field, so as to improve the detection accuracy and eliminate the blind zone on the certain size of metal foreign object. Then, through the analysis of experiments, the sensitivity and the stability of metal FOD system are verified. It is shown that the designed system can detect the metal foreign object as small as a paper clip without blind zone whether the strong power magnetic field exists or not.

关键词： non-blind-zone foreign object detection wireless power transfer double-layer coil

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