Cell voltage is a widely used signal that can be measured online from an industrial aluminum electrolysis cell.A variety of parameters for the analysis and control of industrial cells are calculated using the cell ***...
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Cell voltage is a widely used signal that can be measured online from an industrial aluminum electrolysis cell.A variety of parameters for the analysis and control of industrial cells are calculated using the cell *** this paper,the frequency segmentation of cell voltage is used as the basis for designing filters to obtain these *** on the qualitative analysis of the cell voltage,the sub-band instantaneous energy spectrum(SIEP)is first proposed,which is then used to quantitatively represent the characteristics of the designated frequency bands of the cell voltage under various cell ***,a cell condition-sensitive frequency segmentation method is *** proposed frequency segmentation method divides the effective frequency band into the[0,0.001]Hz band of lowfrequency signals and the[0.001,0.050]Hz band of low-frequency noise,and subdivides the lowfrequency noise into the[0.001,0.010]Hz band of metal pad abnormal rolling and the[0.01,0.05]Hz band of sub-low-frequency *** with the instantaneous energy spectrum based on empirical mode decomposition,the SIEP more finely represents the law of energy change with time in any designated frequency band within the effective frequency band of the cell *** proposed frequency segmentation method is more sensitive to cell condition changes and can obtain more elaborate details of online cell condition information,thus providing a more reliable and accurate online basis for cell condition monitoring and control decisions.
Multiple description (MD) video coding is one of the approaches that can be used to reduce the detrimental effects caused by transmission over error-prone networks. A number of approaches have been proposed for MD cod...
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Multiple description (MD) video coding is one of the approaches that can be used to reduce the detrimental effects caused by transmission over error-prone networks. A number of approaches have been proposed for MD coding, where each provides a different tradeoff between compression efficiency and error resilience. This paper first presents two basic MD coding methods;one segments the video in the spatial domain, while the other in the frequency domain. Then a hybrid MD coding method is proposed. The hybrid MD encoder segments the video in both the spatial and frequency domains. In the case of data loss, the hybrid MD decoder takes advantage of the residual-pixel correlations in the spatial domain, and the coefficient correlations in the frequency domain, for error concealment. As a result, better error resilience can be achieved at high compression efficiency. The advantages of the proposed hybrid MD method are demonstrated in the contexts of descriptor loss in ideal channels and in packet-loss networks.
This study introduces a newly developed frequency segmentation and recombination method for frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime measurements to address the effects of changing fractional contributions over time and...
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This study introduces a newly developed frequency segmentation and recombination method for frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime measurements to address the effects of changing fractional contributions over time and minimize the effects of photobleaching within multi-component systems. frequency segmentation and recombination experiments were evaluated using a two component system consisting of fluorescein and rhodamine B. Comparison of experimental data collected in traditional and segmented fashion with simulated data, generated using different changing fractional contributions, demonstrated the validity of the technique. frequency segmentation and recombination was also applied to a more complex system consisting of pyrene with Suwannee River fulvic acid reference and was shown to improve recovered lifetimes and fractional intensity contributions. It was observed that photobleaching in both systems led to errors in recovered lifetimes which can complicate the interpretation of lifetime results. Results showed clear evidence that the frequency segmentation and recombination method reduced errors resulting from a changing fractional contribution in a multi-component system, and allowed photobleaching issues to be addressed by commercially available instrumentation.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the behavior of HMM2 models for the recognition of noisy speech, It has previously been shown that HMM2 is able to model dynamically important structural information inheren...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780374029
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the behavior of HMM2 models for the recognition of noisy speech, It has previously been shown that HMM2 is able to model dynamically important structural information inherent in the speech signal, often corresponding to formant positions/tracks, As formant regions are known to be robust in adverse conditions, HMM2 seems particularly promising for improving speech recognition robustness. Here, we review different variants of the HMM2 approach with respect to their application to noise-robust automatic speech recognition. It is shown that HMM2 has the potential to tackle the problem of mismatch between training and testing conditions, and that a multi-stream combination of (already noise-robust) cepstral features and formant-like features (extracted by HMM2) improves the noise robustness of a state-of-the-art automatic speech recognition system.
This study was designed to investigate those variables that would provide a fuller description as well as a segmentation of the views of Chinese senior leisure travelers from the People's Republic of China. The em...
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This study was designed to investigate those variables that would provide a fuller description as well as a segmentation of the views of Chinese senior leisure travelers from the People's Republic of China. The empirical data of this study suggest that Chinese seniors comprise a collection of submarkets based on travel frequency, each with its own characteristics with respect to demographic variables, reasons or motivations for leisure travel, attitudes toward leisure travel, perceived barriers preventing them from taking leisure trips, activities they do during a leisure trip, criteria used to select a travel destination, and the use of the Internet in their travel behavior. The findings of this study provide a foundation for a variety of marketing strategies aimed at the market for Chinese senior leisure travel as well as for cross-cultural comparisons. This study thus makes significant contributions to senior tourism by extending our understanding of senior travel behavior in an important, emerging market;it is also hoped that the study will provoke more discussion on senior leisure travel in developing countries as well as cross-cultural comparisons between developing and developed regions.
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