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Guide Me in Analysis: A Framework for guidance Designers

COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM 2020年第6期39卷 269-288页

作者： Ceneda, Davide Andrienko, Natalia Andrienko, Gennady Gschwandtner, Theresia Miksch, Silvia Piccolotto, Nikolaus Schreck, Tobias Streit, Marc Suschnigg, Josef Tominski, Christian Vienna Univ Technol Vienna Austria Fraunhofer Inst IAIS St Augustin Germany Graz Univ Technol Graz Austria Johannes Kepler Univ Linz Linz Austria Pro2Future Competence Ctr Graz Austria AVL List GmbH Graz Austria Univ Rostock Rostock Germany

guidance is an emerging topic in the field of visual analytics. guidance can support users in pursuing their analytical goals more efficiently and help in making the analysis successful. However, it is not clear how guidance approaches should be designed and what specific factors should be considered for effective support. In this paper, we approach this problem from the perspective of guidance designers. We present a framework comprising requirements and a set of specific phases designers should go through when designing guidance for visual analytics. We relate this process with a set of quality criteria we aim to support with our framework, that are necessary for obtaining a suitable and effective guidance solution. To demonstrate the practical usability of our methodology, we apply our framework to the design of guidance in three analysis scenarios and a design walk-through session. Moreover, we list the emerging challenges and report how the framework can be used to design guidance solutions that mitigate these issues.

关键词： Visual Analytics Visualization User Interface Design Interaction Information Visualization guidance

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Adaptive guidance and integrated navigation with reinforcement meta-learning

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ACTA ASTRONAUTICA 2020年第0期169卷 180-190页

作者： Gaudet, Brian Linares, Richard Furfaro, Roberto Univ Arizona Dept Syst & Ind Engn 1127 E James & Roger Way Tucson AZ 85721 USA Univ Arizona Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn Tucson AZ 85721 USA MIT Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut Cambridge MA 02139 USA

This paper proposes a novel adaptive guidance system developed using reinforcement meta-learning with a recurrent policy and value function approximator. The use of recurrent network layers allows the deployed policy to adapt in real time to environmental forces acting on the agent. We compare the performance of the DR/DV guidance law, an RL agent with a non-recurrent policy, and an RL agent with a recurrent policy in four challenging environments with unknown but highly variable dynamics. These tasks include a safe Mars landing with random engine failure and a landing on an asteroid with unknown environmental dynamics. We also demonstrate the ability of a RL meta-learning optimized policy to implement a guidance law using observations consisting of only Doppler radar altimeter readings in a Mars landing environment, and LIDAR altimeter readings in an asteroid landing environment thus integrating guidance and navigation.

关键词： guidance Meta learning Reinforcement learning Landing guidance

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Adopting and maintaining a healthy lifestyle in low SES families: How the experience of motherhood shapes responses to dietary and physical activity public health guidance

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BMC PUBLIC HEALTH 2022年第1期22卷 1092-1092页

作者： Wittels, P. Kay, T. Mansfield, L. Brunel Univ London Uxbridge Middx England

Background: Public health guidance and associated interventions seek to bring about change in diet and physical activity behaviours to improve life expectancy and healthy life expectancy in the population. Low socioeconomic status (SES) groups suffer from reduced life/healthy life expectancy compared with the population as a whole. This in-depth qualitative study, investigates the lives and experiences of mothers with young children living in a low SES area in a London (UK) borough, to understand the context in which current public health guidance on diet and physical activity is received and viewed, and how this understanding could be used to inform the development of public health guidance and interventions for this group. Methods: The mothers (n = 20), were recruited from a Surestart Centre, Children's Centres and through the local branch of a national charity. The mothers took part in a series of three in depth interviews over two years (2016-2017). Thematic analysis was used to generate an iterative set of codes informing an understanding of motherhood, diet and physical activity. Results: Motherhood was found to be a major factor for understanding and interpreting how women in low SES areas respond to public health guidance on diet and physical activity. The mothers were well informed about dietary guidance, considered that provision of healthy food was critical to the mothering role, but found it difficult to implement the guidance in their own lives. In contrast, physical activity was not seen as integral to the mothering role, although it was acknowledged that it played a part in ensuring that the mothers remained healthy enough to fulfil all their duties. Constrained by the ethic of care, and a lack of material and time resources, the mothers prioritised their family's health above their own. This study, enabled the mothers to articulate ideas for interventions that would be supportive of a healthy lifestyle and of practical application in their busy lives

关键词： Mothers Lifestyle behaviours Behaviour change Diet Physical activity Ethic of care Qualitative Low socioeconomic status guidance Interventions

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A pilot multi-institutional study to evaluate the accuracy of a supine MRI based guidance system, the Breast Cancer LocatorTM, in patients with breast cancer

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SURGICAL ONCOLOGY-OXFORD 2022年第0期44卷 101843-101843页

作者： Barth, Richard J. Krishnaswamy, Venkataranaman Rooney, Timothy B. Fox, Misty J. Burman, Harrison E. G. Rosenkranz, Kari M. Gass, Jennifer Bronfine, Boris I. V. Angeles, Christina Paulsen, Keith D. Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr Dept Surg Lebanon NH USA CairnSurgical Inc Boston MA USA Univ Virginia Dept Radiol & Med Imaging Charlottesville VA USA Cheshire Med Ctr Dept Surg Keene NH USA Women & Infants Hosp Rhode Isl Dept Surg Providence RI USA St Josephs Hosp Dept Surg Nashua NH USA Thayer Sch Engn Hanover NH USA Univ Michigan Dept Surg Ann Arbor MI USA Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr Dept Surg Lebanon NH 03766 USA

Background: Evaluate whether the Breast Cancer LocatorTM (BCL), a novel guidance system based on supine MRI images, can be safely and effectively deployed by several surgeons at multiple sites. Methods: Patients with palpable breast cancer underwent supine MRI at their local institution. A three dimen-sional (3D) digital image of the tumor in the breast was derived from supine MRI images and used to generate 1) an interactive 3D virtual image of the tumor in the breast (Visualizer) and 2) a plastic bra-like form that allowed the surgeon to place a central wire and bracketing wires in the breast (BCL). The primary objective was to determine the proportion of patients who had the central localization wire deployed within the cancer on specimen ***: Fourteen patients were enrolled at 4 different sites by 6 surgeons. BCLs were successfully manufactured for all patients. The central wire was deployed within the tumor on specimen mammogram in 12 of the 13 patients who had a central wire placed (92%). The cancer was excised with negative margins in 14/14 cases (100%). No adverse events ***: Supine MRI image acquisition was accomplished successfully across multiple sites. Multiple surgeons utilized the BCL system to localize cancers accurately and safely.

关键词： supine MRI Breast conserving surgery Breast cancer Lumpectomy guidance Device

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Assessing the Accuracy and Comprehensiveness of ChatGPT in Offering Clinical guidance for Atopic Dermatitis and Acne Vulgaris

JMIR Dermatology

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JMIR Dermatology 2023年第1期6卷 e50409页

作者： Lakdawala, Nehal Channa, Leelakrishna Gronbeck, Christian Lakdawala, Nikita Weston, Gillian Sloan, Brett Feng, Hao University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington CT United States Department of Dermatology University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT United States Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology New York University New York NY United States

Ethical Considerations This study used publicly available web-based data sets; institutional review board approval was not required at the University of Connecticut Health Center. [...]whereas ≥75% of responses for AD within each category (including natural history, symptoms and differential diagnosis, and treatment and management) were correct (score ≤2), the accuracy of responses for acne treatment/management (score ≤2) specifically was relatively low (9/16, 56%), suggesting a deficit in ChatGPT in advising treatment recommendations for this condition (Table 1). Each question was presented to ChatGPT-3.5 (queries entered on February 27, 2023, using the February 9, 2023, release version), and response quality was graded independently by two board-certified dermatologists (authors GW and NL) using a scale previously referenced in the literature: (1) comprehensive, (2) correct but inadequate, (3) mixed with correct and incorrect/outdated data, (4) completely incorrect [1]. [...]this research used the popular ChatGPT-3.5 model; subsequent models with more advanced training may yield varying outcomes.

关键词： acne acne vulgaris advise answer answers artificial intelligence atopic dermatitis automated chatbot chatbots ChatGPT clinical guidance computer generated conversational agent conversational agents counsel counseling dermatitis dermatologic dermatological dermatology guidance natural language processing NLP recommendation recommendations response responses skin

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Working alliance and adherence mediate the effect of guidance in a web-based program for participants with mild to moderate depressive symptoms: A secondary mediation analysis

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INTERNET INTERVENTIONS-THE APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN MENTAL AND BEHAVIOURAL HEALTH 2022年 30卷 100593页

作者： Bur, Oliver Thomas Bielinski, Laura Luisa Krauss, Samantha Hafliger, Andrea Guggisberg, Jasmin Krieger, Tobias Berger, Thomas Univ Bern Dept Clin Psychol & Psychotherapy Fabrikstr 8 CH-3012 Bern Switzerland Univ Bern Dept Dev Psychol Bern Switzerland

Guided web-based self-help programs for individuals with depressive symptoms have shown to be more effi-cacious than unguided programs. However, research has paid little attention to why guided interventions are superior. The present study investigated whether working alliance and adherence to the program mediated the effect of guidance on depressive symptom *** study is a secondary analysis of a randomized factorial trial. In the trial, 302 adults with mild to moderate depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score: 5-14) were randomized to either a guided or an unguided group. All participants received access to a web-based self-help program based on problem-solving therapy. Working alliance with the treatment providers was assessed using an adapted version of the Working Alliance Inventory for Guided Internet Interventions two weeks (early-treatment) and eight weeks (post -treat-ment) after pre-treatment. The primary outcome was depressive symptoms at *** total working alliance score was significantly higher for guided participants compared to unguided par-ticipants (at early-treatment: t248.6 = -3.36, p < .001, d = 0.42, at post-treatment: t194.9 = -4.77, p < .001, d = 0.66). The total working alliance score correlated significantly with the change in depressive symptoms for guided (rs = 0.16, 0.34) and unguided participants (rs = 0.26, 0.23). The WAI-I total score statistically mediated the relationship between guidance and outcome (at early-treatment: B = -0.028, at post-treatment: B = -0.053). Furthermore, the subscale tasks (at post-treatment: B = -0.051), the subscale goals (at early-treatment: B = -0.031 and at post-treatment: B = -0.052), and adherence to the program (B = -0.034) mediated the relationship between guidance and outcome. Finally, in a multiple mediation model both early-treatment working alliance and adherence to the program (B = -0.050) mediated the relationship between guidance and *** findings i

关键词： Web-based self-help program Internet intervention Depression guidance Working alliance Factorial trial Problem-solving therapy Mediation Adherence

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Application Analysis of Patient-patient Communication Skills in Outpatient guidance

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外文科技期刊数据库(文摘版)医药卫生 2022年第2期 021-024页

作者： PENGPeng HUANGYuhua The Fourth People's Hospital of Zhanjiang City Guangdong Province Zhanjiang Guangdong 520012 China

Objective: to analyze the application of patient-patient communication skills in outpatient ***: 60 outpatient patients received from January 2020 to January 2021 to participate in the study and were divided into reference and test groups by lottery, with 30 patients in each *** reference group carried out the traditional outpatient guidance work. And the trial group applied patient-patient communication skills in the traditional outpatient guidance work to observe the nursing satisfaction index, patient disputes, incidence of nursing complaints, anxiety self-evaluation scale (SAS) score and depression (SDS) score before and after the two ***: the nursing satisfaction index and the incidence of nursing disputes and nursing complaints in the test group were 96.67%, 0.00% and 3.33%, respectively, The nursing satisfaction index, and the incidence of nursing disputes and nursing complaints were 83.33%, 10.00%, and 20.00%, The nursing satisfaction index in the trial group was higher than in the reference group, The incidence of nursing disputes and nursing complaints were lower than those in the reference group, Group differences were statissignificant (P <0.05);Before implementing the care, There were no significant difference between SAS and SDS scores between the test and reference groups (P> 0.05), After the implementation of the care, The SAS scores and the SDS scores were all reduced in both groups, All of the test groups were lower than the reference group, The difference between groups was statistical significant (P <0.05).Conclusion: care-patient communication skills have certain application value in outpatient guidance work, which is conducive to improving nursing satisfaction index, reduce care-patient disputes and nursing complaints, make patients have more trust in medical staff, and promote the smooth development of outpatient guidance work.

关键词： nursing and patient communication skills outpatient service guidance nursing satisfaction index

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Monitoring and evaluation of maritime spatial planning-A review of accumulated practices and guidance for future action

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MARINE POLICY 2023年 150卷

作者： van den Burg, S. W. K. Skirtun, M. van der Valk, O. Cervi, W. Rossi Selnes, T. Neumann, T. Steinmann, J. Arora, G. Roebeling, P. Wageningen Econ Res Droevendaalsesteeg 4 NL-6708 PB Wageningen Netherlands Ramboll Management Consulting Meeussquare 35 B-1000 Brussels Belgium Monitor Deloitte Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004 NL-1081 LA Amsterdam Netherlands Aveiro Univ DAO UA CESAM & Dept Environm & Planning Aveiro Portugal

The Maritime Spatial Planning Directive 2014/89/EU requires implementation of spatial planning in the marine waters of EU Member States and the establishment of maritime spatial plans by Member States at the latest by 31 March 2021. In Directive 2014/89/EU it is explicitly mentioned that maritime spatial plans shall be reviewed by Member States as decided by them but at least every 10 years. This article aims to review accumulated practices in monitoring and evaluation of maritime spatial plans based on a review of literature, interviews and an expert workshop. Numerous approaches to monitoring and evaluation are applied and available. Monitoring and evaluation of maritime spatial plans is about more than the identification and use of best available methods, it requires sufficient skills and resources, for the evaluators and for stakeholders that might be involved. While not explicitly mentioned in the MSP Directive, equity in the allocation of marine areas for use is highlighted as an important emerging issue. Maritime developments are influenced by a mix of policies and linear approach to M&E fail to capture this complexity. The value of M&E is that is can improve the quality of MSP by instigating and structuring a participative processes with cross-sectoral and cross-border learning.

关键词： Maritime Spatial Planning Monitoring and Evaluation guidance Equity Social learning

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Performance Characterization of the Smartphone Video guidance Sensor as Vision-Based Positioning System

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SENSORS 2020年第18期20卷 5299.-5299.页

作者： Hariri, Nasir Gutierrez, Hector Rakoczy, John Howard, Richard Bertaska, Ivan Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ Dept Mech & Energy Engn Coll Engn POB 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia Florida Inst Technol Mech & Aerosp Engn Melbourne FL 32901 USA NASA Control Syst Design & Anal Branch Marshall Space Flight Ctr Huntsville AL 35812 USA NASA Avion Subsyst Branch Marshall Space Flight Ctr Huntsville AL 35812 USA

The Smartphone Video guidance Sensor (SVGS) is a vision-based sensor that computes the six-state position and orientation vector of a target relative to a coordinate system attached to a smartphone. This paper presents accuracy-characterization measurements of the Smartphone Video guidance Sensor (SVGS) to assess its performance as a position and attitude estimator, evaluating its accuracy in linear and angular motion for different velocities and various types of targets based on the mean and standard deviation errors between SVGS estimates and known motion profiles, in both linear and angular motions. The study also examines the effects of target velocity and sampling rate on the overall performance of SVGS and provides an overall assessment of SVGS' performance as a position/attitude estimator. While the error metrics are dependent on range and camera resolution, the results of this paper can be scaled to other operational conditions by scaling the blob size in pixels (the light markers identified in the images) relative to the total resolution (number of pixels) of the image. The error statistics of SVGS enable its incorporation (by synthesis of a Kalman estimator) in advanced motion-control systems for navigation and guidance.

关键词： video sensor guidance navigation motion control photogrammetry attitude spacecraft proximity maneuvers rendezvous docking

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Classic axon guidance molecules control correct nerve bridge tissue formation and precise axon regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第1期15卷 6-9页

作者： Xin-Peng Dun David BParkinson Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Plymouth UniversityPlymouthDevonUK The Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningHubei ProvinceChina

The peripheral nervous system has an astonishing ability to regenerate following a compression or crush injury;however,the potential for full repair following a transection injury is much ***,the major clinical challenge for peripheral nerve repair come from long gaps between the proximal and distal nerve stumps,which prevent regenerating axons reaching the distal *** axon targeting during nervous system development is controlled by families of axon guidance molecules including Netrins,Slits,Ephrins and *** recent studies have indicated key roles of Netrin1,Slit3 and EphrinB2 signalling in controlling the formation of new nerve bridge tissue and precise axon regeneration after peripheral nerve transection *** the nerve bridge,nerve fibroblasts express EphrinB2 while migrating Schwann cells express the receptor ***2/EphB2 signalling between nerve fibroblasts and migrating Schwann cells is required for Sox2 upregulation in Schwann cells and the formation of Schwann cell cords within the nerve bridge to allow directional axon growth to the distal nerve *** in the outermost layer of the nerve bridge express Slit3 while migrating Schwann cells and regenerating axons express the receptor Robo1;within Schwann cells,Robo1 expression is also ***3/Robo1 signalling is required to keep migrating Schwann cells and regenerating axons inside the nerve *** addition to the Slit3/Robo1 signalling system,migrating Schwann cells also express Netrin1 and regenerating axons express the DCC *** appears that migrating Schwann cells could also use Netrin1 as a guidance cue to direct regenerating axons across the peripheral nerve *** neural tissues have been suggested as promising alternatives for the repair of large peripheral nerve ***,understanding the function of classic axon guidance molecules in nerve bridge formation and their roles in axon regeneration could be h

关键词： axonal guidance EphrinB2 nerve bridge Netrin1 peripheral nerve regeneration Slit3 Sox2 transection injury

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