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Alerts and Warnings on Short Messaging Channels: guidance from an Expert Panel Process

NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW 2019年第2期20卷 4019002.1-4019002.10页

作者： Sutton, Jeannette Kuligowski, Erica D. Univ Kentucky Dept Commun 239 Blazer Dining Hall Lexington KY 40526 USA NIST Engn Lab 100 Bur Dr Gaithersburg MD 20899 USA

Information is of utmost importance to the public during disasters, especially for those under imminent threat. Without information, and more specifically, without the right information, people are often left to fill in the gaps of what is going on and how to protect themselves. New and evolving technologies have changed the way agencies and organizations can communicate with the public during disasters. Alert and warning messages can now be rapidly pushed out to populations under imminent threat via a variety of new platforms;including mobile and wireless devices, and social media. However, these systems were originally designed to meet technological requirements, leaving human information needs in imminent threat contexts largely overlooked. The purpose of this article is to provide guidance, based on the empirical research record, to public officials on the most effective ways to communicate with populations under imminent threat over short messaging channels. Examples of message templates that conform to research findings for Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA) and Twitter messages are provided. This guidance is grounded in the latest research on how improved short messages can increase the likelihood that people under imminent threat will take protective action. (C) 2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.

关键词： COMMUNICATING Threat Messages Technical standards guidance Social Media Public Officials Population warning wireless device

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Stakeholders' guidance Document for Consumer Analytical Devices with a Focus on Gluten and Food Allergens

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JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL 2018年第1期101卷 185-189页

作者： Popping, Bert Allred, Laura Bourdichon, Francois Brunner, Kurt Diaz-Amigo, Carmen Galan-Malo, Patricia Lacorn, Markus North, Jennifer Parisi, Salvatore Rogers, Adrian Sealy-Voyksner, Jennifer Thompson, Tricia Yeung, Jupiter FOCOS Food Consulting Strategically Zum Kalterhaus 6b D-63755 Alzenau Germany Gluten Intolerance Grp 730C Commerce Ctr Dr Sebastian FL 32958 USA 16 Rue Gaston de Caillavet F-75015 Paris France Romer Labs Div Holding GmbH Technopk 1 A-3430 Tuln Austria Zeulab SL C Bari 25dedo Zaragoza 50197 Spain R Biopharm AG Neuen Bergstr 17 D-64297 Darmstadt Germany Beyond Celiac POB 544 Ambler PA 19002 USA Via Roccazzo 25 I-90135 Palermo Sicily Italy Romer Labs UK Ltd Heath Business & Tech Pk Runcorn WA7 4QX Cheshire England ImmunogenX 1600 Dove StSuite 300 Newport Beach CA 92660 USA Watchdog LLC Gluten Free 348 Summer St Manchester MA 01944 USA Nestle Dev Ctr Fremont Inc Nestle Nutr R&D Ctr Fremont MI 49412 USA

Until recently, analytical tests for food were performed primarily in laboratories, but technical developments now enable consumers to use devices to test their food at home or when dining out. Current consumer devices for food can determine nutritional values, freshness, and, most recently, the presence of food allergens and substances that cause food intolerances. The demand for such products is driven by an increase in the incidence of food allergies, as well as consumer desire for more information about what is in their food. The number and complexity of food matrixes creates an important need for properly validated testing devices with comprehensive user instructions (definitions of technical terms can be found in ISO 5725-1:1994 and the International Vocabulary of Metrology). This is especially important with food allergen determinations that can have life-threatening consequences. Stakeholders including food regulators, food producers, and food testing kit and equipment manufacturers, as well as representatives from consumer advocacy groups have worked to outline voluntary guidelines for consumer food allergen- and gluten-testing devices. These guidelines cover areas such as kit validation, user sampling instructions, kit performance, and interpretation of results. The recommendations are based on (1) current known technologies, (2) analytical expertise, and (3) standardized AOAC INTERNATIONAL allergen community guidance and best practices on the analysis of food allergens and gluten. The present guidance document is the first in a series of papers intended to provide general guidelines applicable to consumer devices for all food analytes. Future publications will give specific guidance and validation protocols for devices designed to detect individual allergens and gluten, as statistical analysis and review of any validation data, preferably from an independent third party, are necessary to establish a device's fitness-for-purpose. Following the recommendati

关键词： Suggestion Food guidance Food Hypersensitivity Glutens allergen foods Allergens

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Outcome of the public consultation and other activities to update the scientific guidance for the submission of dossiers on food enzymes

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EFSA Supporting Publications 2021年第10期18卷

The European Commission mandated the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to update the scientific guidance for the submission of dossiers on food enzymes in May 2020. EFSA created a Working Group to prepare the draft document, which was critically reviewed by representatives from six Member States. The draft guidance was then endorsed by the EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP Panel) for a public consultation via the EFSA webpage. The public consultation was open for eight weeks from March 8 th until May 9 th 2021. At the onset of the public consultation, two webinars were organised to enhance the clarity of two topics, namely, requirement for toxicological studies and food enzyme intake model. The draft guidance received written comments from six interested parties and an individual citizen. After the public consultation EFSA organized a stakeholder workshop to publicly address the written comments and to clarify technical and procedural aspects of dossiers submission. At the end, the updated scientific guidance for food enzymes was adopted by the CEP Panel on 15 September 2021 and published in the EFSA Journal. This technical report contains the written comments received during the public consultation and explains the way they have been considered. It reports also all the engagement activities carried out by EFSA to receive input from interested parties during the development of the guidance.

关键词： Food enzymes guidance public consultation webinar stakeholder events

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miR-92 Suppresses Robo1 Translation to Modulate Slit Sensitivity in Commissural Axon guidance

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CELL REPORTS 2018年第10期24卷 2694-+页

作者： Yang, Tao Huang, Huai Shao, Qiangqiang Yee, Shirley Majumder, Tanushree Liu, Guofa Univ Toledo Dept Biol Sci MS 6012801 W Bancroft St Toledo OH 43606 USA

Temporospatial regulation of guidance signaling is essential for axon outgrowth and pathfinding in the developing nervous system. Regulation of Robo1 levels in commissural neurons modulates Slit sensitivity facilitating proper axon guidance. The mechanisms underlying this regulation in the vertebrate nervous system are not well understood. Here, we report that miR-92, a highly conserved microRNA (miRNA), regulates chicken Robo1 expression in commissural neurons by binding to the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of Robo1 mRNA. miR-92 and Robo1 are differentially expressed in the developing spinal cord. miR-92 interacts with the Robo1 3' UTR to cause translational repression, but not mRNA degradation. Disruption of the miR-92/Robo1 3' UTR interaction induces premature responsiveness to Slit2 repulsion of precrossing commissural axons (CAs) in vitro and causes CA projection defects in vivo. These results indicate that miR-92 represses Robo1 expression thereby regulating Slit sensitivity to control CA projection and midline crossing.

关键词： neuron axon microRNA miR-92 Slit Robo commissure guidance spinal cord translation repression

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3D image guidance assisted identification of colorectal cancer liver metastases not seen on intraoperative ultrasound: results from a prospective trial

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HPB 2018年第3期20卷 260-267页

作者： Kingham, T. Peter Pak, Linda M. Simpson, Amber L. Leung, Universe Doussot, Alexandre D'Angelica, Michael I. DeMatteo, Ronald P. Allen, Peter J. Jarnagin, William R. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Dept Surg 1275 York Ave New York NY 10065 USA

Background: Neoadjuvant treatment of colorectal liver metastases has become increasingly common, and while effective, often renders small metastases difficult to visualize on intraoperative US. The objective of this study was to determine the utility of a 3D image-guidance system in patients with intraoperative sonographically-occult CRLM. Methods: 50 patients with at least one CRLM <= 1.5 cm were enrolled in this prospective trial of an FDAapproved Explorer image-guidance system. If the tumor(s) seen on preoperative imaging were not identified with intraoperative US, Explorer was used to target the US examination to the involved area for a more focused assessment. The primary endpoint was the proportion of cases with sonographicallyoccult metastases identified using Explorer. Results: Forty-eight patients with preoperative scans within eight weeks of surgery were included for analysis. Forty-six patients were treated with preoperative chemotherapy (median 4 months, range 2-24 months). Overall, 22 sonographically-occult tumors in 14 patients were interrogated by Explorer, of which 15 tumors in 10 patients were located with image-guidance assistance. The only difference between patients with tumors not identified on US and those who did was the number of tumors (median 3 vs. 2, p = 0.018). Conclusion: 3D image-guidance can assist in identifying small CRLM, particularly after treatment with chemotherapy.

关键词： colorectal liver metastasis Trials guidance systems Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm to the Liver Three-Dimensional Images guidance Colorectal Cancer Cancer of Colon Neoadjuvant Therapy Ultrasonic Waves

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The identification of at-risk patients and prevention of venous thromboembolism in pediatric cancer: guidance from the SSC of the ISTH

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JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS 2018年第1期16卷 175-180页

作者： Tullius, B. P. Athale, U. Van Ommen, C. H. Chan, A. K. C. Palumbo, J. S. Balagtas, J. M. S. Nationwide Childrens Hosp Div Pediat Hematol Oncol Columbus OH USA Nationwide Childrens Hosp BMT Columbus OH USA McMaster Univ Pediat Hamilton ON Canada McMaster Childrens Hosp Hamilton Hlth Sci Div Paediat Hematol Oncol Hamilton ON Canada Erasmus MC Sophia Childrens Hosp Dept Pediat Hematol Rotterdam Netherlands Univ Cincinnati Div Pediat Hematol Cincinnati OH USA Stanford Univ Div Pediat Hematol Oncol Stanford CA 94305 USA

The article presents guidelines from the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) for identifying and treating children at risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with cancer. Topics discussed include comprehensive risk assessment for pediatric cancer patients, the recommended dose and duration of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for managing VTE, and mechanical and pharmacological thromboprophylaxis for higher-risk patients.

关键词： SSC childhood cancer Venous Thromboembolism At-risk guidance

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Menopause and work: an overview of UK guidance

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OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE-OXFORD 2018年第9期68卷 580-586页

作者： Hardy, C. Hunter, M. S. Griffiths, A. Kings Coll London Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci Hlth Psychol Sect 5th Floor Bermondsey WingGuys Campus London SE1 9RT England Univ Nottingham Div Psychiat & Appl Psychol Sch Med Inst Mental Hlth Innovat PkTriumph Rd Nottingham NG7 2TU England Univ Lancaster Fac Hlth & Med Div Hlth Res Furness Coll Lancaster LA1 4YG England

Background Recent evidence suggests that some women experience menopausal symptoms that impact on their working lives, and that work environments can impact upon the experience of menopause. As a result, guidance for employers and other key stakeholders about this potential occupational health issue has emerged. To date there has not been a review of these documents to identify their main recommendations for policy and practice. Aims To provide a narrative overview of such guidance and summary of content. Methods Documents published in the UK and available in a major UK trade union library were searched systematically to identify guidance on the topic of menopause and work. An inductive thematic analysis was performed to identify the main themes addressed. Results Twenty-five relevant documents, on average eight pages long, were identified. A minority indicated that the use of scientific evidence informed the content. Five overarching themes were identified: (i) legislation;(ii) policy;(iii) information and training needs;(iv) workplace support;and (v) the physical work environment. Conclusions This overview of UK guidance revealed common areas of concern about reducing and managing difficulties experienced by working menopausal women. Possible areas for action were identified. Some recommendations were common across much of the guidance, whereas others were exclusive. Future guidance might include consideration of all these issues, while making reference both to the evidence base and sources of further information.

关键词： Employer guidance menopause review trade union UK work

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Working with Research Integrity-guidance for Research Performing Organisations: The Bonn PRINTEGER Statement

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SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS 2018年第4期24卷 1023-1034页

作者： Forsberg, Ellen-Marie Anthun, Frank O. Bailey, Sharon Birchley, Giles Bout, Henriette Casonato, Carlo Fuster, Gloria Gonzalez Heinrichs, Bert Horbach, Serge Jacobsen, Ingrid Skjaeggestad Janssen, Jacques Kaiser, Matthias Lerouge, Inge van der Meulen, Barend de Rijcke, Sarah Saretzki, Thomas Sutrop, Margit Tazewell, Marta Varantola, Krista Vie, Knut Jorgen Zwart, Hub Zoeller, Mira Oslo Met Oslo Metropolitan Univ Work Res Inst Oslo Norway Norwegian Assoc Researchers Oslo Norway EARMA European Assoc Res Managers & Administrator Dublin Ireland Univ Coll Dublin Dublin Ireland Univ Bristol Bristol Med Sch Populat Hlth Sci Bristol Avon England Integr Agcy Municipal Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Trento Trento Italy Vrije Univ Brussels LSTS Brussels Belgium Univ Bonn Inst Sci & Eth IWE Bonn Germany Radboud Univ Nijmegen Inst Sci Soc Nijmegen Netherlands Leiden Univ Ctr Sci & Technol Studies Leiden Netherlands Oslo Metropolitan Univ Oslo Norway Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nijmegen Netherlands Univ Bergen Ctr Study Sci & Humanities Bergen Norway Katholieke Univ Leuven Res Coordinat Off Leuven Belgium Rathenau Inst The Hague Netherlands Leuphana Univ Luneburg Inst Polit Sci Luneburg Germany Univ Tartu Ctr Eth Tartu Estonia Univ Bristol Sch Social & Community Med Bristol Avon England Univ Tampere Tampere Finland OsloMet Oslo Metropolitan Univ Work Res Inst Oslo Norway Radboud Univ Nijmegen Inst Sci Soc ISIS Fac Sci Dept Philosophy & Sci Studies Nijmegen Netherlands Univ Bonn Int Off Bonn Germany

This document presents the Bonn PRINTEGER Consensus Statement: Working with Research Integrity-guidance for research performing organisations. The aim of the statement is to complement existing instruments by focusing specifically on institutional responsibilities for strengthening integrity. It takes into account the daily challenges and organisational contexts of most researchers. The statement intends to make research integrity challenges recognisable from the work-floor perspective, providing concrete advice on organisational measures to strengthen integrity. The statement, which was concluded February 7th 2018, provides guidance on the following key issues: Providing information about research integrity Providing education, training and mentoring Strengthening a research integrity culture Facilitating open dialogue Wise incentive management Implementing quality assurance procedures Improving the work environment and work satisfaction Increasing transparency of misconduct cases Opening up research Implementing safe and effective whistle-blowing channels Protecting the alleged perpetrators Establishing a research integrity committee and appointing an ombudsperson Making explicit the applicable standards for research integrity.

关键词： Research integrity Research misconduct Organisational responsibilities guidance Consensus conference

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Perspective: Consideration of Values When Setting Priorities in Nutrition Research: guidance for Transparency

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ADVANCES IN NUTRITION 2018年第6期9卷 671-687页

作者： Hawwash, Dana Pinxten, Wim Bonn, Noemie Aubert Verstraeten, Roosmarijn Kolsteren, Patrick Lachat, Carl Univ Ghent Dept Food Technol Safety & Hlth Ghent Belgium Hasselt Univ Fac Med & Life Sci Hasselt Belgium

Nutrition research can guide interventions to tackle the burden of diet-related diseases. Setting priorities in nutrition research, however, requires the engagement of various stakeholders with diverse insights. Consideration of what matters most in research from a scientific, social, and ethical perspective is therefore not an automatic process. Systematic ways to explicitly define and consider relevant values are largely lacking. Here, we review existing nutrition research priority-setting exercises, analyze how values are reported, and provide guidance for transparent consideration of values while setting priorities in nutrition research. Of the 27 (n=22 peer-reviewed manuscripts and 5 grey literature documents) studies reviewed, 40.7% used a combination of different methods, 59.3% described the represented stakeholders, and 49.1% reported on follow-up activities. All priority-setting exercises were led by research groups based in high-income countries. Via an iterative qualitative content analysis, reported values were identified (n = 22 manuscripts). Three clusters of values (i.e., those related to impact, feasibility, and accountability) were identified. These values were organized in a tool to help those involved in setting research priorities systematically consider and report values. The tool was finalized through an online consultation with 7 international stakeholders. The value-oriented tool for priority setting in nutrition research identifies and presents values that are already implicitly and explicitly represented in priority-setting exercises. It provides guidance to enable explicit deliberation on research priorities from an ethical perspective. In addition, it can serve as a reporting tool to document how value-laden choices are made during priority setting and help foster the accountability of stakeholders involved.

关键词： nutrition priority setting values guidance tool ethics

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Current State of Image guidance in Radiation Oncology: Implications for PTV Margin Expansion and Adaptive Therapy

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SEMINARS IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY 2018年第3期28卷 238-247页

作者： Zou, Wei Dong, Lei Teo, Boon-Keng Kevin Univ Penn Dept Radiat Oncol Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

Image guidance technology has evolved and seen widespread application in the past several decades. Advancements in the diagnostic imaging field have found new applications in radiation oncology and promoted the development of therapeutic devices with advanced imaging capabilities. A recent example is the development of linear accelerators that offer magnetic resonance imaging for real-time imaging and online adaptive planning. Volumetric imaging, in particular, offers more precise localization of soft tissue targets and critical organs which reduces setup uncertainty and permit the use of smaller setup margins. We present a review of the status of current imaging modalities available for radiation oncology and its impact on target margins and use for adaptive therapy. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： current status Radiation Oncology Real time guidance Linear accelerators target organ Image Medical device Self tuning

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