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Teaching Software Engineering Topics Through Pedagogical game design patterns: An Empirical Study

INFORMATION 2020年第3期11卷 153页

作者： Flores, Nuno Paiva, Ana C. R. Cruz, Nuno Univ Porto Fac Engn P-4200465 Porto Portugal INESC TEC P-4200465 Porto Portugal Rua Dr Roberto Frias S-N P-4200465 Porto Portugal

Teaching software engineering in its many different forms using traditional teaching methods is difficult. Serious games can help overcome these challenges because they allow real situations to be simulated. However, the development of serious games is not easy and, although there are good practices for relating game design patterns to teaching techniques, there is no methodology to support its use in a specific context such as software engineering. This article presents a case study to validate a methodology that links the Learning and Teaching Functions (LTF) to the game design patterns (PIB) in the context of Software Engineering Education. A serious game was developed from scratch using this methodology to teach software estimation (a specific topic of software engineering). An experiment was carried out to validate the effectiveness of the game by comparing the results of two different groups of students. The results indicate that the methodology can help to develop effective educational games on specific learning topics.

关键词： software engineering education game design patterns pedagogy educational games

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Recovery of Mobile game design patterns 21

Recovery of Mobile Game Design Patterns

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21st International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT)

作者： Khan, Maria Rasool, Ghulam Tallinn Univ Estonia Dept Informat Soc Technol Tallinn Estonia COMSATS Univ Islamabad Dept Comp Sci Lahore Campus Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728188553

The benefits of design patterns to solve recurring and generic problems is well known for the software industry and academia. game design patterns are being introduced to solve the particular type of problems for the development of computer games. The formal and informal specifications of game design patterns exist because of differences in implementation, design requirements and programming languages. We analyzed the state of the art related to mobile game design patterns and realized that mobile applications are developed by using mobile game design patterns for the development of quality software applications. The recovery of mobile game design patterns is helpful for the comprehension, reverse engineering, maintenance, evolution and refactoring of software applications. The contribution of this paper are specification and detection of 10 mobile game design patterns from 8 open source mobile games. A prototyping tool is developed to demonstrate the concept of the approach. We evaluate our approach by using precision, recall and F-measure metrics.

关键词： Reverse engineering design patterns mobile games game design patterns

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Generating Multiplayer games for Interaction Learning using game design patterns 10

Generating Multiplayer Games for Interaction Learning using ...

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10th European Conference on games Based Learning

作者： Tregel, Thomas Reuter, Christian Goebel, Stefan Steinmetz, Ralf Tech Univ Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781911218104

Practicing team communication and player coordination in games requires a dedicated multiplayer setup especially tailored towards the given requirements. Common AAA-titles rather focus on a positive game experience than a beneficial training effect. Most Serious games rely on singleplayer gameplay to try to achieve their intended behavior change. Based on game design patterns for Collaborative Player Interactions and the usage of Procedural Content Generation, this paper explores the automatic creation of interaction sequences, usable for player interaction training. Additionally, E-learning pattern aspects are integrated to support the team's learning progress. The design focuses on non-linear sequences to create a network of player interactions. Each player interaction represents an individual challenge within a game world that needs to be approached by players in a coordinated fashion. The non-linearity promotes a decision-making process, whenever the team has to make a choice concerning their next steps. While it might be possible to create individual interaction networks by hand, Procedural Content Generation allows us to diversify the expected result, based on the given parameters. Due to its abstract representation, different playstyles, user groups and communication requirements can be targeted. Furthermore, different valid ways leading through the given challenges let players choose their path to take in a group effort, which increases the game's variety and adaptability. This paper presents a research concept and analyses the potential use and pitfalls when using highly abstract representation of content to use in a Procedural Content Generation approach. Although the generation algorithm is implemented for scene-based games with our StoryTec authoring environment, the concept can be used to generate pattern networks for most game genres, independent from their game speed or game flow.

关键词： multiplayer game design patterns interaction learning procedural content generation

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design patterns Applied for game design patterns 17

Design Patterns Applied for Game Design Patterns

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17th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing (SNPD)

作者： Qu, Junfeng Song, Yinglei Wei, Yong Clayton State Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol Morrow GA 30260 USA Jiangsu Univ Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci Zhenjiang 212001 Peoples R China Univ North Georgia Dept Comp Sci Dahlonega GA 30597 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509022397

We analyzed common game design patterns such as enemy, weapon, communication, and creative control as well as social interaction and explored design patterns that are applicable to these game design patterns. The reusability, maintainability, and quality of game development are supposed to be improved and game development is able to adapt to constant changing and evolutionary game building process. Although some design patterns are discussed, other design patterns might suitable as well because game programming is too complicated to separate and apply each pattern independently.

关键词： Video game game design patterns design patterns Communication Interaction

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Towards Efficacy-Centered game design patterns F or Brain Injury Rehabilitation: A Data-Driven Approach 15

Towards Efficacy-Centered Game Design Patterns F or Brain In...

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17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2015)

作者： Cheng, Jinghui Putnam, Cynthia Rusch, Doris C. Depaul Univ Coll Comp & Digital Media 243 S Wabash Chicago IL 60604 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450334006

games are often used in brain injury (BI) therapy sessions to help motivate patients to engage in rehabilitation activities. In this paper, we explore game design patterns as a mechanism to help game designers understand needs in BI therapy. design patterns, originating from the work of Christopher Alexander, aim to provide a common language to support the creative work of designers by documenting solutions that have successful addressed recurring design problems. Through analyzing data we gathered on the use of commercial games in BI therapy, we generated a list of 14 'efficacy-centered game design patterns' that focused on game design considerations when addressing therapeutic goals in BI rehabilitation. We argue that our patterns can serve as a common language to support the design of BI rehabilitation games;additionally, our data-driven approach sets up a paradigm for generating game design patterns in related areas.

关键词： Brain injury gaming therapy game design game design patterns

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game design as an Autonomous Research Subject

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INFORMATION 2021年第9期12卷 367页

作者： Neves, Pedro Pinto Zagalo, Nelson Lusofona Univ Dept Film & Media Arts HEI Lab P-1749024 Lisbon Portugal Univ Aveiro Dept Commun & Art DigiMed P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal

This paper examines the methods and systems of game design from the standpoint of existing method proposals failing to establish a common basis for systematizing design knowledge, which this paper aims to help resolve. game design has often been subsumed by game development and associated disciplines, and game design methodology has often been subsumed by game analysis. This paper reviews related work in defining game design as an autonomous research subject and then divides the methods and systems of game design into complementary methods and core methods, with only the latter, consisting chiefly of design patterns, attempting to systematize how game design knowledge is generated. Seminal game patterns have been descriptive rather than -prescriptive and so have failed to find the requisite practitioner adoption to fulfill their role as a living method. One recent pattern approach has sought to resolve this issue by promoting pattern usage generally over the adoption of a particular language. This paper outlines an alternate and possibly complementary approach of a novel, practical basis for game design literacy for helping core methods work as a basis for systematizing game design knowledge. The proposed basis sacrifices descriptiveness to prescriptiveness to shape methods in that direction.

关键词： game design methods game design literacy game design patterns game design notations game design tools

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AFFECTIVE gameS: ADAPTATION AND design 20

AFFECTIVE GAMES: ADAPTATION AND DESIGN

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20th International Conference on Intelligent games and Simulation (game-ON)

作者： Hamdy, Salma King, David Abertay Univ SDI Div Cybersecutiy Dundee DD1 1HG Scotland Abertay Univ SDI Div Comp & Math Dundee DD1 1HG Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)9789492859082

Biofeedback applications, including games, implement affect recognition and adaptation modules. The adaptation mechanism in affective games associate the extracted emotion or affect variables with in-game features and events;mainly with game mechanics. This is used to procedurally create new content or modify existing content or game characters. Explicit or implicit feedback and control offer different interaction experiences through visible indicators of affect or back-scene subtle changes in gameplay. Several experiments in the literature attempted to formalise the adaption mechanism by deriving mathematical relations between game feature and user satisfactions or exploit machine learning to predict adjustment parameters and playstyles. Others propose affective game design patterns. A game designer's main role is to create engaging mechanics that provide players with an immersive experience. Affective game design requires a thorough understanding of the role of emotions in games and the expertise of an interdisciplinary design team from computer science, psychology and physiology. It seems that research is approaching affective game design with over-simplified definitions, and mainly from an implementation perspective, rather than a psychophysiological one. Generally, a deep understanding of the affective quality of certain game features is lacking and there is rising need to study such association and investigate ways to guide game designers on the selection and operation features.

关键词： Biofeedback affective adaptation game design patterns

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A critical review of 13 years of mobile game-based learning

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ETR&D-EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 2018年第2期66卷 341-384页

作者： Giannakas, Filippos Kambourakis, Georgios Papasalouros, Andreas Gritzalis, Stefanos Univ Aegean Dept Informat & Commun Syst Engn Samos 83200 Greece Univ Aegean Dept Math Samos 83200 Greece

With the increasing popularity of smartphones and tablets, game-based learning (GBL) is undergoing a rapid shift to mobile platforms. This transformation is driven by mobility, wireless interfaces, and built-in sensors that these smart devices offer in order to enable blended and context-sensitive mobile learning (m-Learning) activities. Thus, m-Learning is becoming more independent and ubiquitous (u-Learning). In order to identify and analyze the main trends and the future challenging issues involved in designing mGBL learning strategies, as well as to bring to the foreground important issues pertaining to mobile and context-aware ubiquitous GBL, the work at hand conducts a comprehensive survey of this particular area. Specifically, it introduces and applies a six-dimensional framework consisted of Spatio-temporal, Collaboration/Social, Session, Personalization, Data security & privacy, and Pedagogy, with the aim of scrutinizing the contributions in the field of mGBL published from 2004 to 2016. It was found that the transition to mGBL presents several difficulties, and therefore cannot be conceived as a simple and quick modification of existing GBL solutions. In this respect, this work is anticipated to foster the development of well-designed solutions that are intensive not only in their technological aspect, but in pedagogical qualities as well.

关键词： Digital game based learning Mobile GBL Framework Context-awareness Learning strategies game design patterns

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Leveraging design patterns to Support designer-Therapist Collaboration When Ideating Brain Injury Therapy games 17

Leveraging Design Patterns to Support Designer-Therapist Col...

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Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY)

作者： Cheng, Jinghui Anderson, Dorian Putnam, Cynthia Guo, Jin Depaul Univ Chicago IL 60604 USA Univ Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450348980

Many therapists who work with patients who have had a brain injury (BI) include games to ameliorate boredom associated with repetitive rehabilitation exercises. However, designing effective, appropriate, and engaging games for BI therapy is challenging. Following a user-centered approach we created GaPBIT (game design patterns for BI Therapy), a prototype tool that leveraged design patterns to support designer-therapist collaboration when ideating games for BI therapy. We observed the use of GaPBIT in six game ideation workshops that involved game designers and therapists. The tool effectively facilitated collaboration in the interdisciplinary teams. Findings also suggested that information tools like GaPBIT support but do not replace informative collaboration among designers and subject-matter experts (i.e., therapists in our study). We argue that our findings and research methodology generalize to other domains where communication and collaboration among interdisciplinary design teams are imperative for designing 'successful' games;i.e. games that meet the varied goals among stakeholders.

关键词： game design game design patterns brain injury therapy serious games games for health stakeholder collaboration

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Towards Pattern-Based Mixed-Initiative Dungeon Generation 17

Towards Pattern-Based Mixed-Initiative Dungeon Generation

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12th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital games (FDG)

作者： Baldwin, Alexander Dahlskog, Steve Font, Jose M. Holmberg, Johan Malmo Univ Fac Technol & Soc Nordenskioldsgatan 1 S-20506 Malmo Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781450353199

Mixed-initiative Procedural Content Generation uses algorithms to assist human designers in the collaborative creation of game content. Different mixed-initiative approaches use different methods to engage with the design material while supporting the designer's intentions. However, the designer runs the risk of misunderstanding the system's abilities and how to control them. In order to limit miscommunication during the design process, heuristics could be applied. In this paper we present a mixed-initiative tool for evolving dungeons with the aid of game design patterns as heuristics. The tool, the Evolutionary Dungeon designer, uses a genetic algorithm that searches for levels containing game design patterns on two hierarchical levels of abstraction to express more complex gameplay in the game level. We evaluate the tool through a series of lab experiments and a user study conducted with professional game developers. Our results demonstrate that we are able to control the generation of the different patterns with the aid of design pattern-related input parameters, as well as identifying a number of features a design pattern-based mixed-initiative tool could benefit from.

关键词： Procedural Content Generation Evolutionary Algorithms game design patterns Mixed-Initiative design

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