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Strategic manipulation behavior in graph model for conflict resolution: The role of social trust network

INFORMATION SCIENCES 2025年 686卷

作者： Zhang, Hengjie Zhang, Rong Liu, Juan Zhu, Yan Hohai Univ Business Sch Nanjing 211100 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Ctr Network Big Data & Decis Making Business Sch Chengdu 610065 Sichuan Peoples R China

The graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR) incorporates multiple individuals with established social trust relationships within a composite conflicting party, forming a social trust network GMCR (STNGMCR). In conflicts, certain parties attempt to influence the evolutionary process to steer it in their favorable direction, termed strategic manipulation behavior. In this study, we investigate the issue of strategic manipulation in the STNGMCR from a specific party's perspective. Strategic manipulation is often achieved by influencing the preferences of other conflicting parties, which incurs costs and is constrained by limited resources. To address this, we propose a two-stage strategic manipulation model within the STNGMCR framework. The first stage seeks to minimize the number of identified individuals whose preferences need adjustment, while the second stage focuses on minimizing the cost of preference adjustments for these identified individuals. Notably, the limited tolerance behavior is embedded into the model, indicating individuals cannot tolerate excessive adjustments from trusted preferences. To facilitate the solution, we convert the proposed two-stage optimization model into a mixed integer linear programming model with 0-1 variables, incorporating different stability concepts. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of our proposal through a case study of the Nile water dispute.

关键词： Game theory graph model for conflict resolution Social trust network Strategic manipulation Minimum cost

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Matrix representation of the graph model for conflict resolution based on intuitionistic preferences with applications to trans-regional water resource conflicts in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin

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INFORMATION SCIENCES 2025年 691卷

作者： Wang, Dayong Lai, Xiaoying Dhaarna Wen, Xiaowei Xu, Yejun Binzhou Med Univ Sch Hlth Management Yantai 264003 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Coll Management & Econ Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China NICMAR Univ Sch Architecture & Planning Pune 411045 Maharashtra India South China Agr Univ Res Ctr Green Dev Agr Guangzhou 510642 Peoples R China

With the continual growth in global demand for water resources, the governance of trans-regional water resources has become an important field of cooperation between countries, and conflicts caused by competition for water resources have become a focal issue in international relations. The root causes of trans-regional water resource conflicts include unclear ownership of water resources and the limited rationality of the parties involved. The water rights trading model has proven to play a stabilizing role in resolving trans-regional water resource conflicts versus the traditional negotiation model. To demonstrate the rationality and theoretical strength of the water rights trading model in allocating trans-regional water resources in uncertain environments, this paper proposes a novel matrix representation of intuitionistic stability definitions through a graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR). First, decision-makers' (DMs') intuitionistic preferences, unilateral movements, and intuitionistic unilateral improvements in a GMCR with two DMs are represented in a matrix. The joint unilateral movements and joint intuitionistic unilateral improvements for a coalition in a GMCR with multiple DMs are also represented. Next, according to the logical forms of intuitionistic stability definitions, four stability definitions in a GMCR with intuitionistic preferences were redefined to enable matrix representations of graph models with either two DMs or multiple DMs. Finally, we analyzed the state transitions and strategies of all stakeholders in trans-regional water resource conflicts in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin within the intuitionistic graph model. The contributions of this paper are twofold. First, in terms of theoretical research, this article enriches and develops the GMCR and proposes a set of definitions of matrix intuitionistic stability. Second, in terms of practical application, the intuitionistic stability analysis results can provide a reference for water

关键词： Matrix representation graph model for conflict resolution Intuitionistic preferences Trans-regional water resource conflicts

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A Novel Consensus and Dissent Framework Under Grey Preference Based on the graph model for conflict resolution for Two Decision Makers

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GROUP DECISION AND NEGOTIATION 2024年第4期33卷 711-744页

作者： Zhang, Jinmuzi Xu, Haiyan Ke, Ginger Y. Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Econ & Management Nanjing 211106 Jiangsu Peoples R China Mem Univ Newfoundland Fac Business Adm St John NF A1B 3X5 Canada

The existing consensus models of conflict decision-making generally assume that the decision-makers' preferences are simple and certain. This assumption oversimplifies the complexity of real-world conflicts due to the ignorance of the decision-maker's limited rationality. The present work makes the first attempt at solving this issue by defining the grey consensus and dissent preference of two decision makers (DMs), which is then embedded into the graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR) to obtain conflict equilibrium solutions. To be specific, preference relations are first described as interval grey scales to reflect the decision maker's judgments on conflict states, and then converted into crisp values to interface with GMCR. We next present both the logical and matrix representations under the GMCR framework, along with detailed pseudocode that can be implemented to investigate actual conflict situations practically. For validation and verification purposes, the proposed decision framework is applied to the water resource conflict of the Yellow River Basin in China, from which insights are derived to facilitate effective strategic decision-making for resolving complex conflicts in uncertain environments.

关键词： graph model for conflict resolution Grey preference conflict consensus Water resource conflict

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Matrix representation of stability definitions in the graph model for conflict resolution with grey-based preferences

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DISCRETE APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2022年 320卷 106-125页

作者： Wang, Dayong Huang, Jing Xu, Yejun Hohai Univ Business Sch Nanjing 211100 Peoples R China Nanjing Forestry Univ Coll Econ & Management Nanjing 210037 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Coll Management & Econ Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China

Within the structure of the graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR), a new matrix representation approach is introduced to analyze the strategic conflicts with grey-based preferences for decision-makers (DMs). Specifically, the DM???s grey-based preferences, unilateral movements (UMs), and grey unilateral improvement (GUI) are redefined by the matrix representation. Furthermore, for the multiple DMs graph model, the joint UMs and joint GUIs for a collection of more than two DMs also have been represented by the matrix expression. Then, the matrix representation approach is used to describe and determine the stability of the given state for a focus DM based on different grey-based stability definitions, as well as, that also means the DM has different behavioral patterns in conflict when the DM has grey-based preferences. In summary, the matrix representation approach is proposed to determine and analyze individual stability and equilibrium for both two DM and multiple DMs graph models based on the framework of different grey stability definitions. Finally, a real application to a generic sustainable development conflict and Elmira groundwater contamination conflict is illustrated to show the usefulness and correctness of the matrix representation of GMCR with grey-based preferences.

关键词： Matrix representation Grey-based preferences graph model for conflict resolution conflict resolution

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A time sensitive graph model for conflict resolution with application to international air carbon negotiation

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH 2022年第2期302卷 652-670页

作者： He, Shawei Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Econ & Management Coll Civil Aviat Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China

The uneven time required for decision making by negotiators can greatly affect the results of international negotiations. A novel time sensitive graph model is developed to analyze international negotiations in which the duration of time is different for negotiators, or called decision makers, to implement each action. In this novel model, the process of negotiation is divided into multiple phases. Decision makers may fail to achieve desired outcomes due to time constraints when approaching the deadline of each stage. Time sensitive stabilities are defined to describe this particular behavior patterns of decision makers. The interrelationships between classical stabilities and time sensitive stabilities are investigated. Propositions are provided to indicate how equilibrium can be affected by the change of action time. This novel methodology is applied to an air carbon negotiation participated by three representative decision makers, the European Union (EU), major developing countries, and the United States (US), under the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA). The time sensitive equilibrium at the end of Baseline Phase explains modification of the requirements for monitoring the CORSIA baseline emissions under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The time sensitive equilibrium achieved after June 2020 suggests that the EU Carbon Trading System for Monitoring Air Carbon Baseline (EU ETS MRV) could be adjusted by the end of the Pilot Phase provided that both developing and non-EU developed countries put the EU under pressure by filing appeals at the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) meetings not later than March 2022. (C) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Group decisions and negotiations graph model for conflict resolution Time sensitive Air carbon negotiation CORSIA

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Choice stabilities in the graph model for conflict resolution

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH 2022年第3期301卷 1064-1071页

作者： Rego, Leandro Chaves Kilgour, D. Marc Univ Fed Ceara Stat & Appl Math Dept BR-60455760 Fortaleza Ceara Brazil Univ Fed Pernambuco Grad Programs Stat & Management Engn Recife PE Brazil Wilfrid Laurier Univ Dept Math Waterloo ON Canada Univ Waterloo Dept Syst Design Engn Waterloo ON Canada

The graph model for conflict resolution is a comprehensive, adaptable system to represent and analyze a strategic conflict. Though construction of a graph model requires relatively little information about preferences, obtaining that information is often the most difficult step of model calibration. We propose a version of the graph model that avoids preferences, relying instead on direct information about individual choices. After defining appropriate choice functions, we extend the five basic graph model stability definitions to this new context. We then show how the new definitions are related, both to each other and to the standard definitions based on preference relations. We also use a simple model to illustrate how choice stabilities can differ from preference-based stabilities.(c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Group decisions and negotiations graph model for conflict resolution Choice function Stability definitions

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A graph model for conflict resolution with Time-varying Attitudes and Its Application to China-US Trade Disputes

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GROUP DECISION AND NEGOTIATION 2023年第3期32卷 603-631页

作者： He, Shawei Liu, Xiaohui Li, Xianmei Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Econ & Management Nanjing 211100 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Civil Aviat Nanjing 211100 Peoples R China

A novel graph model with time-varying altitudes is developed to interpret the trade disputes between China and the United States (US) during the period between 2017 and 2019. The implementation of strategies for China and the US was affected by their bilateral relations represented by mutual attitudes changing over time along the evolution of the disputes. The Goldstein scale, a numeral system for studying foreign policies and for describing the fluctuating diplomatic relations affected by historical events, is utilized for eliciting preference relations affected by the time-varying attitudes for the first time. By considering two decision makers (DMs) in the trade disputes, the time varying unilateral improvements (TVUIs) for each DM are initiated based on its judgement which reflects not only the gains or losses for the given DM, but also those for the other DM. In investigating the real-world trade disputes between China and the US, the reasoning of imposing retaliating tariffs for the two countries under time frame is explained. How the fluctuation of time-varying altitudes affects the course of the disputes is also demonstrated. The Phase one agreement legally prohibiting retaliation using tariffs from the two countries was signed when mutual attitude increased by positive interstate events, which eventually ended the tit-for-tat situation. This novel methodology extends the structure of attitudes in graph model by flexibly depicting the fluctuation of mutual attitudes using Goldstein scoring system. Meaningful implications can be provided for DMs to explain how equilibrium can be changed by the time-varying attitudes. In analyzing international disputes in particular, nations can be clearly guided to achieve desired outcomes by making efforts to change bilateral or multilateral relations.

关键词： Time-varying attitudes Goldstein scale graph model for conflict resolution China-US trade disputes

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Power Asymmetry in Basic Hierarchical graph model for conflict resolution

Power Asymmetry in Basic Hierarchical Graph Model for Confli...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Xie, Hui Ge, Bingfeng Huang, Yuming Liu, Zihui Hou, Zeqiang Wei, Wanying The College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

The hierarchical graph model for conflict resolution (HGMCR) serves as a powerful tool for analyzing multiple interrelated conflicts, in which decision makers (DMs) at different levels are brought together and assumed to have symmetrical power. In some hierarchical conflicts, however, the DMs may vary in power and influence the ultimate conflict resolution at diverse extents. Accordingly, this paper aims to introduce the power asymmetry into basic HGMCR (B HGMCR) to resolve more complex hierarchical conflict problems. Initially, power dynamics are defined to capture the preference relations of DMs under power asymmetry. Then, matrix-based BHGMCR modeling under power asymmetry is presented, followed by the expansion of four classic stability definitions. Finally, a case study on carbon emission conflict is used to demonstrate that the proposed approach can handle the real-world hierarchical conflicts. The intervention of government power can promote carbon reform in a global perspective. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Carbon emission graph model for conflict resolution hierarchical conflicts matrix representation power asymmetry

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The influence of externality in the graph model for conflict resolution under fuzzy preferences

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APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING 2024年 165卷

作者： Li, Xuemei Xu, Junwen Zhao, Yufeng Yang, Benshuo Ocean Univ China Sch Econ Qingdao 266100 Peoples R China Ocean Univ China Inst Marine Dev Qingdao 266100 Peoples R China Ocean Univ China Sch Management Qingdao 266100 Peoples R China Qingdao Univ Sch Econ Qingdao 266100 Peoples R China

The graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR) is a flexible and comprehensive methodology for systematically investigating strategic conflicts. However, most existing studies solely focus on internal conflicts among decision makers (DMs), often disregarding the influence of external stakeholders (ESs) on DMs' preferences. Consequently, this leads to insufficient stability in equilibrium outcomes. The objective of this study is to address the conflict issue faced by DMs with subjective uncertain preferences who are influenced by externality. Building upon the framework of GMCR, this study proposes the graph model for conflict resolution with fuzzy preference based on externality (FEGMCR) which introduces fuzzy numbers to measure both uncertain preferences of DMs and uncertain expectations of ESs. Furthermore, four forms of stability are extended- Fuzzy Nash Stability based on externality (FER), Fuzzy General Metarationality based on externality (FEGMR), Fuzzy Symmetric Metarationality based on externality (FESMR), and Fuzzy Sequential Stability based on externality (FESEQ). The optimal equilibrium is achieved by dynamically adjusting the weight of the impact of externalities. Finally, the method is applied to the case of plastic ban in Hainan. It is found that the expectations of ESs do change the preferences of DMs and affect the final equilibrium, which provides a sustainable solution for the issue.

关键词： graph model for conflict resolution Externality Fuzzy preference Option prioritization Plastic ban conflict

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Grey preference for analyzing the influence of externality within the graph model for conflict resolution

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EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS 2024年第PartC期249卷

作者： Li, Xuemei Sun, Yanhui Zhou, Shiwei Yang, Benshuo Ocean Univ China Sch Econ Qingdao 266100 Peoples R China Ocean Univ China Inst Marine Dev Qingdao 266100 Peoples R China Qingdao Univ Sch Econ Qingdao 266100 Peoples R China

Externality may have uncertain influence on decision makers (DMs). To address the conflicts with uncertain preference and externality, this study adopts the general grey number to measure the uncertain value of DMs' option statements influenced by externality. It constructs adjustable grey preference influenced by externality (GPE), which can be dynamically adjusted according to the influence of externality. Subsequently, the study defines four equilibrium solutions for the graph model for conflict resolution based on grey preference influenced by externality (GPE-GMCR). Finally, the method is applied to a commercial bank operating conflict triggered by the Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) collapse in the United States, resulting in optimal results for conflict resolution. Specifically, the new model provides a practical tool for DMs, managers and policy makers to address conflicts arising from DMs' uncertain preference under the influence of externality in complex environments.

关键词： graph model for conflict resolution Grey externality Grey preference Silicon Valley Bank

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