The convergence of Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT) in Industry 4.0 poses fresh challenges, demanding innovative strategies to ensure the safe execution of production processes. With the inc...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350368529;9798350368512
The convergence of Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT) in Industry 4.0 poses fresh challenges, demanding innovative strategies to ensure the safe execution of production processes. With the increasing significance of production system integrity, any security breaches can lead to severe consequences like production downtime, equipment damage, or human harm. Our prior research on Austrian industrial automation stakeholders highlighted the necessity for a cost-effective, all-encompassing approach to the integrated safety and security. We introduced an extensive ontology for safety, security, and operational requirements in IT/OT convergence. This paper presents an approach of Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) for the integrated safety and security by design of industrial systems. We employ the Systems Modeling Language (SysML) 2.0 for precise modeling. We define metadata information that are used as tags for SysML 2.0 model instances. Afterwards, we create a graph-based model of the system. These graphs are used to validate safety and security standards and requirements. Finally, we automatically generate artifacts, such as code or documentation, which adhere to the standards. Our approach is extensible and supports reusability already after covering two standards. Having provided support for the standards IEC 62443-3-3 and IEC 61508, we reuse our approach to validate the standard ISO 13850:2015.
Purpose Mitral valve computational models are widely studied in the literature. They can be used for preoperative planning or anatomical understanding. Manual extraction of the valve geometry on medical images is tedi...
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Purpose Mitral valve computational models are widely studied in the literature. They can be used for preoperative planning or anatomical understanding. Manual extraction of the valve geometry on medical images is tedious and requires special training, while automatic segmentation is still an open problem. Methods We propose here a fully automatic pipeline to extract the valve chordae architecture compatible with a computational model. First, an initial segmentation is obtained by sub-mesh topology analysis and RANSAC-like model-fitting procedure. Then, the chordal structure is optimized with respect to objective functions based on mechanical, anatomical, and image-based considerations. Results The approach has been validated on 5 micro-CT scans with a graph-based metric and has shown an 87.5% accuracy rate. The method has also been tested within a structural simulation of the mitral valve closed state. Conclusion Our results show that the chordae architecture resulting from our algorithm can give results similar to experienced users while providing an equivalent biomechanical simulation.
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