检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Effect of Ethnicity and Race on Cognitive and Language Testing at Age 18-22 Months in Extremely Preterm Infants

JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2012年第6期160卷 966-+页

作者： Duncan, Andrea Freeman Watterberg, Kristi L. Nolen, Tracy L. Vohr, Betty R. Adams-Chapman, Ira Das, Abhik Lowe, Jean Univ New Mexico Dept Pediat Hlth Sci Ctr Albuquerque NM 87131 USA RTI Int Stat & Epidemiol Unit Res Triangle Pk NC USA Brown Univ Women & Infants Hosp Dept Pediat Providence RI 02908 USA Emory Univ Sch Med Dept Pediat Atlanta GA USA Childrens Healthcare Atlanta Atlanta GA USA

Objective To evaluate the relationship of race/ethnicity to Cognitive and Language scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition in extremely preterm toddlers (<28 + 0 weeks' estimated gestational age). Study design This cohort study included extremely preterm toddlers seen at Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network centers evaluated at 18-22 months adjusted age from 3 race/ethnic groups (white, black, and Hispanic white). Multivariate regression modeling was used to identify race/ethnic differences, after adjusting for medical and psychosocial factors. Results The study population comprised 369 whites, 352 blacks, and 144 Hispanic whites. Cognitive scores differed among the 3 groups on unadjusted analysis (P <= .001), but not after adjusting for medical and psychosocial factors (P = .13). Language scores differed on adjusted and unadjusted analyses. Whites scored higher than blacks and Hispanic whites, and blacks scored higher than Hispanic whites. Conclusions A combination of medical variables and primary caretaker education accounted for differences in Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition Cognitive scores among the 3 groups. Black and Hispanic white toddlers had lower Language scores than whites, even after adjustment. Early intervention should be targeted to these identified risk factors. Assessment of early language development in minority children may be warranted. (J Pediatr 2012;160:966-71).

关键词： BSID-II Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Second Edition BSID-III Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition EGA Estimated gestational age GMFCS gross motor function classification system NICHD National Institute of Child Health and Human Development NRN Neonatal Research Network

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Prevalence of hip dislocation among children with cerebral palsy in regions with and without a surveillance programme: a cross sectional study in Sweden and Norway

引用

BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS 2011年第1期12卷 1-7页

作者： Elkamil, Areej I. Andersen, Guro L. Hagglund, Gunnar Lamvik, Torarin Skranes, Jon Vik, Torstein Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol Fac Med Dept Lab Med Childrens & Womens Hlth N-7034 Trondheim Norway St Olavs Univ Hosp Dept Paediat Trondheim Norway Vestfold Hosp Trust Habilitat Ctr Tonsberg Norway Lund Univ Dept Orthopaed Surg Lund Sweden St Olavs Univ Hosp Dept Orthopaed Surg Trondheim Norway

Background: Hip dislocation is a serious complication among children with cerebral palsy (CP). The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of hip dislocation among children with CP in an area providing regular care with an area providing hip surveillance services. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in seven Norwegian counties providing regular care and one Swedish healthcare region where a hip surveillance programme was introduced in 1994. Data were provided by the Norwegian Cerebral Palsy Register and the CP Register in Southern Sweden. Children born 1996 - 2003 with moderate to severe CP, defined as gross motor classification system (GMFCS) levels III - V, were included. In all, 119 Norwegian and 136 Swedish children fulfilled the criteria. In Norway, data on hip operations and radiographs of the hips were collected from medical records, while these data are collected routinely in the Swedish register. The hip migration percentage was measured on the recent radiographs. Hip dislocation was defined as a migration percent of 100%. Results: The proportion of children at GMFCS levels III - V was 34% in the Norwegian and 38% in the Swedish population. In the Norwegian population, hip dislocation was diagnosed in 18 children (15.1%;CI: 9.8 - 22.6) compared with only one child (0.7%;95% CI: 0.01 - 4.0) in Southern Sweden (p = < 0.001). Hip surgery was performed in 53 (44.5%) of the Norwegian children and in 43 (32%) of the Swedish children (p = 0.03). The total number of hip operations was 65 in Norway and 63 in Sweden. Norwegian children were first operated at a mean age of 7.6 years (SD: 2.9) compared with 5.7 years (SD: 2.3) in Sweden (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The surveillance programme reduced the number of hip dislocations and the proportion of children undergoing hip surgery was lower. However, with the surveillance programme the first operation was performed at a younger age. Our results strongly support the effectiveness of a specifically designed f

关键词： Cerebral Palsy gross motor function classification system Pelvic Osteotomy Regular Care Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Retest reliability of measuring hip extensor muscle strength in different testing positions in young people with cerebral palsy

引用

BMC PEDIATRICS 2011年第1期11卷 1-8页

作者： Dyball, Kate M. Taylor, Nicholas F. Dodd, Karen J. La Trobe Univ Sch Physiotherapy Bundoora Vic 3086 Australia La Trobe Univ Musculoskeletal Res Ctr Bundoora Vic 3086 Australia

Background: In young people with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy weakness of the hip extensor muscles are associated with limitations in activity. It is important that clinicians can reliably measure hip extensor muscle strength to monitor changes over time and the effects of any interventions. Previous research has demonstrated high reliability for measuring strength of all muscles of the lower limb, with the exception of the hip extensors. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the retest reliability of measuring hip extensor strength in young people with cerebral palsy. Methods: Using a test-retest reliability research design, 19 participants with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (gross motor function classification system Levels II and III) (mean 19 y 2 mo [S D 2 y 5 mo]) attended two testing sessions held 12 weeks apart. Three trials with a hand-held dynamometer were taken at each testing session in supine, prone and standing. Retest reliability was calculated with Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC(2,1)) and with units of measurement (kilograms) converted to a percentage strength change. Results: ICC values ranged from .74 to .78 in supine, .75 to .80 in prone, and .73 to .75 in standing. To be 95% confident that real change had occurred, an individual's strength would need to increase 55 to 60% in supine, 86 to 102% in prone, and 102 to 105% in standing. To be 95% confident that real change had occurred across groups, strength would need to increase 4 to 8% in supine, 22 to 31% in prone, and 32% to 34% in standing. Higher ICC values were observed when three trials were used for testing. Conclusions: The supine testing position was more reliable than the prone or standing testing positions. It is possible to measure hip extensor strength with sufficient reliability to be able monitor change within groups using the supine position provided three trials are used during testing. However, there is insufficient reliability to monitor changes in hip ext

关键词： Young People Cerebral Palsy Retest Reliability gross motor function classification system Sufficient Reliability

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Becoming and staying physically active in adolescents with cerebral palsy: protocol of a qualitative study of facilitators and barriers to physical activity

引用

BMC PEDIATRICS 2011年第1期11卷 1-8页

作者： Claassen, Aniek A. O. M. Gorter, Jan Willem Stewart, Debra Verschuren, Olaf Galuppi, Barbara E. Shimmell, Lorie J. McMaster Univ CanChild Ctr Childhood Disabil Res Hamilton ON Canada McMaster Univ Sch Rehabil Sci Hamilton ON Canada NetChild Rehabil Ctr Hoogstr Network Childhood Disabil Res Netherlands Utrecht Netherlands Ctr Excellence Rehabil Med Utrecht Rehabil Ctr Hoogstr Utrecht Netherlands

Background: Adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) show a reduced physical activity (PA). Currently there are no interventions for adolescents with CP in this critical life phase that optimise and maintain the individuals' physical activity in the long term. To develop such a program it is important to fully understand the factors that influence physical activity behaviours in adolescents with CP. The aim of this study is to explore what makes it easy or hard for adolescents with CP to be and to become physically active. Methods/Design: A qualitative research method is chosen to allow adolescents to voice their own opinion. Because we will investigate the lived experiences this study has a phenomenological approach. Thirty ambulatory and non-ambulatory adolescents (aged 10-18 years) with CP, classified as level I to IV on the gross motor function classification system and 30 parents of adolescents with CP will be invited to participate in one of the 6 focus groups or an individual interview. Therapists from all Children's Treatment Centres in Ontario, Canada, will be asked to fill in a survey. Focus groups will be audio-and videotaped and will approximately take 1.5 hours. The focus groups will be conducted by a facilitator and an assistant. In preparation of the focus groups, participants will fill in a demographic form with additional questions on physical activity. The information gathered from these questions and recent research on barriers and facilitators to physical activity will be used as a starting point for the content of the focus groups. Recordings of the focus groups will be transcribed and a content analysis approach will be used to code the transcripts. A preliminary summary of the coded data will be shared with the participants before themes will be refined. Discussion: This study will help us gain insight and understanding of the participants' experiences and perspectives in PA, which can be of great importance when planning programs aimed at helping

关键词： Physical Activity Focus Group Cerebral Palsy Individual Interview gross motor function classification system

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Safety and feasibility of autologous umbilical cord blood transfusion in 2 toddlers with cerebral palsy and the role of low dose granulocyte-colony stimulating factor injections

引用

RESTORATIVE NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2011年第1期29卷 17-22页

作者： Papadopoulos, Konstantinos I. Low, Sharon Su Shing Aw, Tar Choon Chantarojanasiri, Teerachai Off Cent World THAI StemLife Bangkok 10330 Thailand StemLife Bhd Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Monash Univ Sch Med Johor Baharu Malaysia Vejthani Hosp Bangkok Thailand

Purpose: Cerebral palsy (CP) with a prevalence of 2.1 per 1,000 live births generates variable degrees of incurable developmental disability. The aim of the present report was to provide insight in the safety and feasibility of autologous umbilical cord blood (UCB) transfusion with low dose Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) injections in improving the functional outcome of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: Two toddlers with diagnosed CP were given autologous umbilical cord blood (UCB) transfusion accompanied by low dose subcutaneous granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) injections. Results: gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) improvements were seen in both without any side effects being noted to date. Conclusion: In this first report, autologous UCB based intervention in tandem with low dose sc G-CSF administration seems to be feasible and safe with encouraging functional outcome improvements in children with CP.

关键词： Autologous cord blood stem cell transfusion cerebral palsy cord blood granulocyte-colony stimulating factor stem cells umbilical cord CD34+ gross motor function classification system hypoxic-ischemic brain injury neurogenesis neuroprotection

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Measuring body composition and energy expenditure in children with severe neurologic impairment and intellectual disability

引用

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION 2011年第3期94卷 759-766页

作者： Rieken, Rob van Goudoever, Johannes B. Schierbeek, Henk Willemsen, Sten P. Calis, Elsbeth A. C. Tibboel, Dick Evenhuis, Heleen M. Penning, Corine Erasmus MC Dept Gen Practice NL-3000 CA Rotterdam Netherlands Sophia Childrens Univ Hosp Dept Pediat Surg Rotterdam Netherlands Sophia Childrens Univ Hosp Dept Pediat Div Neonatol Rotterdam Netherlands Emma Childrens Hosp Dept Pediat AMC NL-1100 HD Amsterdam Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr Dept Pediat Amsterdam Netherlands Erasmus Univ Dept Biostat NL-3000 DR Rotterdam Netherlands

Background: Accurate prediction equations for estimating body composition and total energy expenditure (TEE) in children with severe neurologic impairment and intellectual disability are currently lacking. Objective: The objective was to develop group-specific equations to predict body composition by using skinfold-thickness measurements and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and to predict TEE by using data on mobility, epilepsy, and muscle tone. Design: Measures of body composition with the use of skinfold-thickness measurements (percentage of body fat) and BIA (total body water) were compared with those from isotope dilution (reference method) by using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland and Altman limits of agreement analyses. With the use of the same methods, the outcomes of cerebral palsy-specific TEE equations were compared with those of the doubly labeled water method (reference method). Group-specific regression equations were developed by using forward-stepwise-multiple-correlation-regression analyses. Results: Sixty-one children with a mean (+/- SD) age of 10.1 +/- 4.3 y (32 boys) were studied. A new equation based on the sum of 4 skinfold-thickness measurements did not improve agreement (n = 49;ICC = 0.61), whereas the newly developed BIA equation-which includes tibia length as an alternative for standing height-did improve agreement (n = 61;ICC = 0.96, SEE = 1.7 kg, R-2 = 0.92). The newly developed TEE equation, which uses body composition, performed better (n = 52;ICC = 0.87, SEE = 180 kcal, R-2 = 0.77) than did the equation of Schofield (n = 52;ICC = 0.82, SEE = 207 kcal, R-2 = 0.69). Conclusions: Current cerebral palsy-specific equations for measuring body composition and energy expenditure are inaccurate. BIA is more accurate at assessing nutritional status in this population than is the measurement of skinfold thickness. The newly developed TEE equation, which uses body composition, provides a reasonable estimate of energy expe

关键词： %BF percentage of total body fat BIA bioelectrical impedance analysis BMR basal metabolic rate CP cerebral palsy DLW doubly labeled water FFM fat-free mass GMFCS gross motor function classification system ICC intraclass correlation coefficients ID intellectual disability IQ intelligence quotient RMSE root mean squared error RSE residual SE Scho-Wt Schofield equation using weight TBW total body water TEE total energy expenditure

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agenesis of the corpus callosum. Clinical-radiological discordance. Analysis after 15 years of experience

引用

Rehabilitacion 2011年第3期45卷 208-216页

作者： Lagares, A.M. Haro, A. Crespo, P. Ceballos, V. Rodríguez, R. Conejero, J.A. Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena Sevilla Spain Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación Hospital la Paz Madrid Spain Servicio de Pediatría Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena Sevilla Spain Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación Hospital Universitario Puerta Del Mar Cádiz Spain Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación Hospital Fundación Alcorcón Madrid Spain

Introduction: The agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) implies an interhemispheric disconnection due to the lack of formation of said structure in the embryo development. Prevalence: 0.3-0.5% in the general population and 2.3% on in persons with disability. It is associated to prematurity and older maternal age. The clinical variable varies greatly and can be confirmed with the MRI. Our objective has been to determine 1) the correlation between abnormalities in neuroimaging and in the clinical features and 2) to discover the factors influencing these differences. Material and methods: A retrospective study (15 years) of cases of ACC in a Children's Rehabilitation Unit. The epidemiological, clinical and imaging data collected were compared to each other and with the literature. Results: A total of 75% were women. Average age of the first and last check-up was 1.8 and 10.7 years, respectively. The main reasons of the consultations were orthopedic or neuro-motor disorders. There were no obstetric backgrounds of interest (75%). At the clinical features, we found psychomotor retardation (37%), language disturbance (31%), difficulty to walk or with manual handling (57%), axial malformations (25%). The predominant peripheral neuropathy occurred in feet and hips. The most frequently requested complementary test was an MRI. A total of 75% were associated with other brain malformations. Treatment prescribed: physiotherapy (100%), splints (75%), wheelchair (50%), speech therapy treatment and/or surgery (25%). Evolution: 87% favorable. Conclusions: 1) MRI can help the initial diagnosis and screening of associated malformations, but does not always correlate with the clinical features and cannot be used by us to gauge prognosis. 2) The ACC may be serious on the neurological, psychological and motor level, however sometimes we can expect a favorable outcome. © 2010 Elsevier España, S.L. y SERMEF. Todos los derechos reservados.

关键词： Agenesis Corpus callosum Dysgenesis gross motor function classification system Hypoplasia Magnetic resonance imaging Manual Ability classification system

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hypocarbia and Adverse Outcome in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

引用

JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2011年第5期158卷 752-U82页

作者： Pappas, Athina Shankaran, Seetha Laptook, Abbot R. Langer, John C. Bara, Rebecca Ehrenkranz, Richard A. Goldberg, Ronald N. Das, Abhik Higgins, Rosemary D. Tyson, Jon E. Walsh, Michele C. Wayne State Univ Sch Med Dept Pediat Detroit MI 48201 USA Brown Univ Women & Infants Hosp Dept Pediat Providence RI 02908 USA RTI Int Stat & Epidemiol Res Triangle Pk NC USA Yale Univ Sch Med Dept Pediat New Haven CT 06510 USA Duke Univ Dept Pediat Durham NC 27706 USA Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum Pregnancy & Perinatol Branch NIH Bethesda MD USA Univ Texas Med Sch Houston Dept Pediat Houston TX USA Case Western Reserve Univ Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp Dept Pediat Cleveland OH 44106 USA

Objective To evaluate the association between early hypocarbia and 18- to 22-month outcome among neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Study design Data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network randomized, controlled trial of whole-body hypothermia for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were used for this secondary observational study. Infants (n = 204) had multiple blood gases recorded from birth to 12 hours of study intervention (hypothermia versus intensive care alone). The relationship between hypocarbia and outcome (death/disability at 18 to 22 months) was evaluated by unadjusted and adjusted analyses examining minimum PCO(2) and cumulative exposure to PCO(2) <35 mm Hg. The relationship between cumulative PCO(2) <35 mm Hg (calculated as the difference between 35 mm Hg and the sampled PCO(2) multiplied by the duration of time spent <35 mm Hg) and outcome was evaluated by level of exposure (none-high) using a multiple logistic regression analysis with adjustments for pH, level of encephalopathy, treatment group (+/- hypothermia), and time to spontaneous respiration and ventilator days;results were expressed as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Alternative models of CO(2) concentration were explored to account for fluctuations in CO(2). Results Both minimum PCO(2) and cumulative PCO(2) <35 mm Hg were associated with poor outcome (P < .05). Moreover, death/disability increased with greater cumulative exposure to PCO(2) < 35 mm Hg. Conclusions Hypocarbia is associated with poor outcome after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. (J Pediatr 2011;158: 752-8).

关键词： GMFCS gross motor function classification system HIE Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy NICHD Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Decreasing Incidence and Severity of Cerebral Palsy in Prematurely Born Children

引用

JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2011年第1期159卷 86-U112页

作者： van Haastert, Ingrid C. Groenendaal, Floris Uiterwaal, Cuno S. P. M. Termote, Jacqueline U. M. van der Heide-Jalving, Marja Eijsermans, Maria J. C. Gorter, Jan Willem Helders, Paul J. M. Jongmans, Marian J. de Vries, Linda S. Univ Med Ctr Utrecht Dept Neonatol Wilhelmina Childrens Hosp NL-3584 EA Utrecht Netherlands Univ Med Ctr Utrecht Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care NL-3584 EA Utrecht Netherlands Univ Med Ctr Utrecht Dept Paediat Phys Therapy & Clin Exercise Physiol Wilhelmina Childrens Hosp Div Paediat NL-3584 EA Utrecht Netherlands McMaster Univ CanChild Ctr Childhood Disabil Res Hamilton ON Canada

Objective To examine incidence and severity of cerebral palsy (CP), and associated factors among preterm survivors (gestational age <34 weeks), admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit from 1990-2005. Study design Eighteen antenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors were analyzed. The cohort was divided in four birth periods: 1990-1993 (n = 661), 1994-1997 (n = 726), 1998-2001 (n = 723), and 2002-2005 (n = 850). The gross motor function classification system was used as primary outcome measure (mean age: 32.9 +/- 5.3 months). Logistic regression analyses were used. Results CP incidence decreased from 6.5% in period I, to 2.6%, 2.9% and 2.2% (P<.001) in period II-IV, respectively. Simultaneously, cystic periventricular leukomalacia (c-PVL) decreased from 3.3% in period I to 1.3% in period IV (P = .004). Within the total cohort (n = 3287), c-PVL grade III decreased from 2.3% in period I to 0.2% in period IV (P = .003). The number of children with gross motor function classification system levels III-V decreased from period I to IV(P = .035). Independent risk factors for CP were c-PVL and severe intraventricular hemorrhage, where as antenatal antibiotics, presence of an arterial line, Caesarean section, and gestational age were independent protective factors. Conclusion CP incidence and severity decreased from 1990-1993 onward, which could be attributed to a reduction of 93% in severe c-PVL. (J Pediatr 2011;159:86-91).

关键词： BPD Bronchopulmonary dysplasia BW Birth weight c-PVL Cystic periventricular leukomalacia CP Cerebral palsy cUS Cranial ultrasonography GA Gestational age GMFCS gross motor function classification system IVH Intraventricular hemorrhage MRI Magnetic resonance imaging NICU Neonatal intensive care unit

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Use of manual and powered wheelchair in children with cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional study

引用

BMC PEDIATRICS 2010年第1期10卷 1-8页

作者： Rodby-Bousquet, Elisabet Hagglund, Gunnar Lund Univ Dept Orthopaed Univ Lund Hosp S-22185 Lund Sweden Uppsala Univ Cent Hosp Clin Res Ctr S-72189 Vasteras Sweden

Background: Mobility is important for the cognitive and psychosocial development of children. Almost one third of children with cerebral palsy (CP) are non-ambulant. Wheelchairs can provide independent mobility, allowing them to explore their environment. Independent mobility is vital for activity and participation and reduces the dependence on caregivers. The purpose of this study was to describe the use of manual and powered wheelchair indoors and outdoors in relation to the degree of independent wheelchair mobility or need for assistance in a total population of children with CP. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed including all children aged 3-18 years with CP living in southern Sweden during 2008. Data was extracted from a register and health care programme for children with CP (CPUP). There were a total of 562 children (326 boys, 236 girls) in the register. Information on the child's use of manual and powered wheelchair indoors and outdoors and the performance in self-propelling or need for assistance were analysed related to age, CP subtype and gross motor function. Results: Wheelchairs for mobility indoors were used by 165 (29%) of the 562 children;61 used wheelchair for independent mobility (32 using manual only, 12 powered only, 17 both) and 104 were pushed by an adult. For outdoor mobility wheelchairs were used by 228 children (41%);66 used a wheelchair for independent mobility (18 using manual only, 36 powered only, 12 both) and 162 were pushed. The use of wheelchair increased with age and was most frequent in the spastic bilateral and dyskinetic subtypes. Most powered wheelchairs were operated by children at GMFCS level IV. Conclusion: In this total population of children with CP, aged 3-18 years, 29% used a wheelchair indoors and 41% outdoors. A majority using manual wheelchairs needed adult assistance (86%) while powered wheelchairs provided independent mobility in most cases (86%). To achieve a high level of independent mobility, both manu

关键词： Cerebral Palsy gross motor function classification system Independent Mobility Wheelchair User gross motor function classification system Level

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：