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IEEE Central America and Panama Convention (CONCAPAN)

作者： Carlos Smart Violeta Rivera Claudio Burgos Mellado Miguel Torres Yeiner Arias-Esquivel Roberto Cardenas Diego Munoz-Carpintero Marcos E. Orchard Engineering Science Institute Universidad de O’Higgins Rancagua Chile Department of Electrical Engineering Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile Faculty of Engineering Universidad de los Andes Santiago Chile Department of Mechatronic Engineering Instituto Tecnologico de Costa Rica Cartago Costa Rica

ISBN: (数字)9798350366723

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366730

The objective of this paper is to validate a novel consensus-based control scheme for an AC battery system through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation. The proposed AC battery, designed with a modular multilevel converter (MMC), integrates battery cells with similar characteristics such as nominal voltage, state of health (SoH), and capacity. This flexible architecture allows for cost-effective and reconfigurable battery packs suitable for a broad range of applications, from electrified vehicles to stationary energy storage. The consensus-based control scheme aims to regulate the State of Charge (SoC) among the battery cells, ensuring balanced charge levels and enhancing overall system performance. To achieve this, local controllers (LC) are implemented within each SM of the MMC, facilitating modular computation and control. The HIL simulation framework is employed to rigorously test and validate the proposed control strategy under realistic operating conditions. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the consensus-based control in maintaining balanced SoC across battery cells. This validation through HIL simulation underscores the practicality and reliability of the proposed AC battery system for diverse real-world applications.

关键词： Multilevel converters hardware-in-the-loop simulation System performance Decentralized control Consensus algorithm Stability analysis Robustness Batteries State of charge Vehicle dynamics

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Testing Embedded Software Functionality of Safety Critical Brake-by-Wire Systems Based on Vector Toolchain

Testing Embedded Software Functionality of Safety Critical B...

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International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC)

作者： Janos Majer Denes Fodor Akos Krabacz Szilard Stadinger Doctoral School of Multidisciplinary Engineering Sciences (MMTDI) Szechenyi Istvan University Győr Hungary Department of Power Electronics and E-Drives Szechenyi Istvan University Győr Hungary Safety and Motion (SAM) Active Safety and Controls (ASC) Continental Automotive Hungary Ltd Veszprem Hungary

ISBN: (数字)9798350350708

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350715

Brake-by-wire is an innovative braking system that replaces the traditional hydraulic braking system with an electronic-hydraulic one. The brake-by-wire system is a safety-critical system that requires reliable and efficient communication between the electronic control units (ECUs) in the vehicle. Testing the communication network is critical to ensure the system's safety, reliability, and performance. Vector toolchain provides an efficient and reliable platform for testing the communication network of brake system ECUs. In this research, we present a testing methodology for ECUs in the Vector toolchain environment using hardware-In-the-loop (HIL) simulation. The proposed methodology includes the design of test scenarios, the implementation of the test cases, and the analysis of the test results. The results of the research show that the proposed methodology can effectively test the communication network of brake-by-wire ECUs in the Vector toolchain environment and provide insights into the network's performance and reliability.

关键词： hardware-in-the-loop simulation Design methodology Hydraulic systems Vectors Safety Software reliability Communication networks

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Developing Digital Twin for Electromechanical System of Rolling Stand in Simulink Real Time

Developing Digital Twin for Electromechanical System of Roll...

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International Ural Conference on Measurements (UralCon)

作者： Andrey A. Radionov Alexandr S. Karandaev Boris M. Loginov Vadim R. Khramshin Department of Automation and Control Moscow Polytechnic University Moscow Russia Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works Magnitogorsk Russia Power Engineering and Automated Systems Institute Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University Magnitogorsk Russia

ISBN: (数字)9798350386028

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386035

The development of digital twins (DTs) of industrial electrical systems is attributed to the need for the reduction of time and material resource inputs during their virtual commissioning (VC). The same problem occurs during renovation with complete or partial equipment replacement and/or control systems. These problems can be efficiently solved by developing object-oriented DTs based on the Simulink Real Time software and using hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HIL). This software is compatible with Matlab Simulink and the Simscape package, which makes it suitable for the industrial usage. The authors suggest a HIL-based approach that helps make a virtual real-time computer model, with process control signals coming from the industrial PLC that controls the real physical object. This problem occurred during the renovation of the horizontal stand electric drives of a 5000 plate mill. The authors provide the flow charts of the electromechanical system and the object-oriented DT. The implementation of DT in Matlab Simulink Desktop Real Time is reviewed in laboratory settings. The authors present the block structures that make up a virtual model of the electromechanical system. The developed DT was used to adjust control algorithms and controllers and study the dynamic modes over a rolling cycle. The adequacy of the processes was tested by comparing the oscillograms obtained with the developed DT and the rolling mill. The authors stress the feasibility of developing DTs on the Simulink Real Time platform using HIL simulation during VC and renovation of complex industrial objects.

关键词： Software packages Object oriented modeling hardware-in-the-loop simulation Heuristic algorithms Control systems Real-time systems Mathematical models Digital twins Electromechanical systems MATLAB

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Damped signal to improve transient response among DG in Microgrid systems

Damped signal to improve transient response among DG in Micr...

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IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE

作者： Mohammed Alsubaie Vasishta Burugula Osamah Aljumah Subhashish Bhattacharya FREEDM Systems Center North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350376067

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376074

Instant overloading of an inverter can reduce or collapse the terminal voltage of the inverter. One of the suggestions is to have fast power sharing, which can be achieved by increasing the droop gain coefficient in the droop controller. However, increasing the power gain coefficient can lead to degraded system stability because of the poor transient response of conventional droop controllers. Hence, it is a tradeoff between fast power sharing and system stability. This paper introduces a damped signal for a modified droop controller to improve transient response further and tackle the three major concerns in any AC microgrid: stability margin, fast power sharing, and restoring nominal frequency. Also, time domain simulations will be presented to show the effectiveness of this control method in improving microgrid performance.

关键词： Damping Transient response hardware-in-the-loop simulation Microgrids Stability analysis Inverters Real-time systems Time-domain analysis Oscillators Frequency control

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Resilience of the Electric Grid through Trustable IoT-Coordinated Assets

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Nair, Vineet J. Venkataramanan, Venkatesh Srivastava, Priyank Sarker, Partha S. Srivastava, Anurag Marinovici, Laurentiu D. Zha, Jun Irwin, Christopher Mittal, Prateek Williams, John Kumar, Jayant Poor, H. Vincent Annaswamy, Anuradha M. Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi India National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO United States West Virginia University MorgantownWV United States Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA United States Larsen & Turburo Digital Energy Services San FranciscoCA United States Office of Electricity Department of Energy WashingtonDC United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering MIT CambridgeMA02139 United States Princeton University United States

The electricity grid has evolved from a physical system to a cyber-physical system with digital devices that perform measurement, control, communication, computation, and actuation. The increased penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) including renewable generation, flexible loads, and storage provides extraordinary opportunities for improvements in efficiency and sustainability. However, they can introduce new vulnerabilities in the form of cyberattacks, which can cause significant challenges in ensuring grid resilience. We propose a framework in this paper for achieving grid resilience through suitably coordinated assets including a network of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. A local electricity market is proposed to identify trustable assets and carry out this coordination. Situational Awareness (SA) of locally available DERs with the ability to inject power or reduce consumption is enabled by the market, together with a monitoring procedure for their trustability and commitment. With this SA, we show that a variety of cyberattacks can be mitigated using local trustable resources without stressing the bulk grid. Multiple demonstrations are carried out using a high-fidelity co-simulation platform, real-time hardware-in-the-loop validation, and a utility-friendly simulator. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： hardware-in-the-loop simulation

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Distributed Control System with UPS Mode for CHB-Based Photovoltaic Solid State Transformer (PV-SST) Utilizing LCL Filter

Distributed Control System with UPS Mode for CHB-Based Photo...

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IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE

作者： Saleh Farzamkia Mafu Zhang Huanghaohe Zou Alex Q. Huang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350376067

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376074

This paper introduces a novel distributed control system for multimode operation of cascaded H-bridge based photovoltaic solid-state transformers (PV-SST). In grid-connected mode, distributed maximum power point tracking (DMPPT) is employed to enhance energy harvesting from PV arrays. During abnormal conditions such as grid outages, the PV-SST seamlessly disconnects from the grid and functions as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for the local load. The proposed distributed control system enables smooth transitions between grid-connected mode and UPS mode. To analyze stability, a comprehensive plant model using an LCL filter is presented under unequal power generation of PVs. Multiple case studies are conducted, and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation results are provided to validate the performance of the proposed distributed control system.

关键词： Photovoltaic systems Power supplies hardware-in-the-loop simulation Decentralized control Transformers Stability analysis Inverters Energy harvesting Voltage control Uninterruptible power systems

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Traction powered multiport DC-DC converter for bidirectional EV charging application – HIL simulation results

Traction powered multiport DC-DC converter for bidirectional...

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Compatibility in Power Electronics (CPE)

作者： Mykola Lukianov Enrique Romero Cadaval Oleksandr Matiushkin Ryszard Strzelecki Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering Gdańsk University of Technology Gdańsk Poland Power Electrical and Electronic Systems R+D Group University of Extremadura Badajoz Spain Department of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn Estonia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Gdynia Maritime University Gdynia Poland

ISBN: (数字)9798331515171

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515188

The limited availability of public electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure poses a significant challenge to EV adoption in urban areas. This underscores the need for cost-effective solutions that enable charging for a large number of EVs, particularly for multiterminal charging stations. One promising approach to reducing installation costs is the implementation of a current-fed multi-active bridge multiport converter, powered by existing DC traction infrastructure. The use of a multiport converter allows for sharing electric components between several ports, reducing total number of elements required, compared to conventional systems, where each EV charger relies on a separate converter. Additionally, connection to the DC traction grid enables sharing some of the substation equipment between the traction network and the EV charger, further lowering installation costs while providing additional benefits, such as DC grid voltage stabilization and transit transport braking energy recuperation. In the case studied in the paper, the use of the converter reduced catenary voltage drops by $10 \%$ and voltage surges by $30 \%$, compared to $\pm 35 \%$ in the base scenario (without a converter).

关键词： Power engineering Costs Substations hardware-in-the-loop simulation Urban areas Voltage DC-DC power converters Electric vehicle charging Traction power supplies Surges

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The research of the ESP hardware in the loop simulation bench based on LabVIEW PXI

The research of the ESP hardware in the loop simulation benc...

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2013 International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Materials and Industrial Electronics, MII 2013

作者： Zhao, Lin Feng Huang, He Zhang, Rong Yun Hefei University of Technology Hefei Anhui 230009 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783037858936

The ESP hardware in the loop simulation test bench has been built based on LabVIEW PXI. In the paper a 7 DOF vehicle model has been built and the ESP PD control algorithm has been designed, which characteristic parameter is yaw rate and sideslip angle. A sharp double lane change test has been done by using the experiment bench built in the paper, the results of which has proved that the hardware in the loop method is an effective means to detect ESP controller reliability, test control algorithm validity by establishing the virtual extreme test site and match the controller parameters. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： hardware-in-the-loop simulation

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hardware-In-The-loop Training of a 4f Optical Correlator with Logarithmic Complexity Reduction for CNNs

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Pes, Lorenzo Chehreghan, Maryam Dehbashizadeh Luiken, Rick Stuijk, Sander Stabile, Ripalta Corradi, Federico Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Den Dolech 2 Eindhoven5612 AZ Netherlands

This work evaluates a forward-only learning algorithm on the MNIST dataset with hardware-in-the-loop training of a 4f optical correlator, achieving 87.6% accuracy with O(n2) complexity, compared to backpropagation, wh... 详细信息

关键词： hardware-in-the-loop simulation

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A Novel Neural Network-Based Control Method for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell in DC Microgrids

IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial E...

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IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics 2024年

作者： Liu, Yulin Wang, Ruigang Li, Ran Feng, Wendong Iu, Herbert H. C. Fernando, Tyrone Zhang, Xinan University of Western Australia School of Engineering CrawleyWA6009 Australia The University of Sydney Australian Centre for Robotics School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering SydneyNSW2006 Australia

This paper proposes a novel neural network-based control algorithm for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) in DC microgrids. A novel recurrent equilibrium network (REN) is developed to improve the control performance in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances. In theory, the contraction of the REN is guaranteed, regardless of the inputs or initial conditions. Furthermore, the REN is directly parameterized, thereby simplifying the neural network training process without sacrificing learning performance. These features make REN particularly suitable for machine learning and system identification tasks. In summary, the proposed REN-based PI control method has very low computational complexity, excellent control performance, and verified stability. The effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is validated through hardware-in-the-loop experiments. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： hardware-in-the-loop simulation

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