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32nd Annual ACM Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Threatt, Anthony L. Merino, Jessica Green, Keith Evan Walker, Ian Brooks, Johnell O. Healy, Stan Clemson Univ Clemson SC 29631 USA Roger C Peace Hosp Greenville SC USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450324731

An inevitable new frontier for the CHI community is the development of complex, larger-scale, cyber-physical artifacts where advancements in design, computing and robotics converge. Presented here is a design exemplar: the Assistive, robotic Table (ART), the key component of our envisioned home+ suite of networked, robotic furnishings for hospitals and homes, promoting wellbeing and independent living. We begin with the motivations for ART, and present our iterative, five-phase, participatory design-and-evaluation process involving clinicians at a rehabilitation hospital, focusing here on the final usability study. From our wide-ranging design-research activities, which may be characterized as research through design, we found ART to be promising but also challenging. As a design exemplar, ART offers invaluable lessons to the CHI community as it comes to design larger-scale, cyber-physical artifacts cultivating interactions across people and their surroundings that define places of social, cultural and psychological significance.

关键词： Assistive robotics design Research Ethnography human-robot interaction design Eldercare Healthcare

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A Simple Nod of the Head: The Effect of Minimal robot Movements on Children's Perception of a Low-Anthropomorphic robot 17

A Simple Nod of the Head: The Effect of Minimal Robot Moveme...

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ACM SIGCHI Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Zaga, Cristina de Vries, Roelof A. J. Li, Jamy Truong, Khiet P. Evers, Vanessa Univ Twente Human Media Interact Enschede Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781450346559

In this note, we present minimal robot movements for robotic technology for children. Two types of minimal gaze movements were designed: social-gaze movements to communicate social engagement and deictic-gaze movements to communicate task-related referential information. In a two (social-gaze movements vs. none) by two (deictic-gaze movements vs. none) video-based study (n=72), we found that social-gaze movements significantly increased children's perception of animacy and likeability of the robot. Deictic-gaze and socialgaze movements significantly increased children's perception of helpfulness. Our findings show the compelling communicative power of social-gaze movements, and to a lesser extent deictic-gaze movements, and have implications for designers who want to achieve animacy, likeability and helpfulness with simple and easily implementable minimal robot movements. Our work contributes to human-robot interaction research and design by providing a first indication of the potential of minimal robot movements to communicate social engagement and helpful referential information to children.

关键词： human-robot interaction design non-anthropomorphic robot children nonverbal communication robot behavior

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Classifying Service robots in Commercial Places Based on Communication: design Elements by Level of Communication 15th

Classifying Service Robots in Commercial Places Based on Com...

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15th International Conference on Intelligent human-Computer interaction (IHCI)

作者： Park, Karam Jung, Eui-Chul Seoul Natl Univ Dept Design Seoul 08826 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9783031538261;9783031538278

Service robots have been traditionally classified by technology and labor type. However, service robots communicate with human employees and consumers to collaborate and deliver service on the frontline. The purpose of this research was to propose a framework for classifying service robots used in commercial places based on the communication that is essential for collaboration and service delivery. The framework classifies service robots into six types, with the x-axis representing the level of communication and the y-axis representing the labor method that service robots use to provide services. Through the framework, the study explained 1) how the service robot and the employee communicate when they collaborate and 2) how the service robot and consumer communicate by communication levels. In addition, it identified the design elements needed for each section of the framework. This will help robot developers and designers consider design elements at different levels of communication when designing service robots in commercial places to enhance the experience of collaboration and service delivery. It is expected that communication will be considered important when developing service robots using the classification of service robots based on the framework proposed in this paper.

关键词： Service robots human-robot interaction design human-robot Communication

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A Workload Model for designing & Staffing Future Transportation Network Operations

A Workload Model for Designing & Staffing Future Transportat...

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作者： Nneji, Victoria Chibuogu Duke University

学位级别：Ph.D.

Across multiple industries (e.g., railroads, airlines, on-demand air taxi services), there are growing investments in future automated transportation systems. Even with these investments, there are still significant human-systems engineering challenges that require deeper investigation and planning. Specifically, fleets that include new levels of automation may require new concepts of how to design and staff network operations centers. Network operations centers have existed for over a century in the railroad and airline industries, where dispatchers have played a central role in safely and efficiently managing networks of railroads and flights. With operators in such safety-critical and time-sensitive positions, workload is the key indicator of their performance in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Yet, there are few tools available for decision-makers in these industries to explore how increasing levels of automation in fleets and operations centers may ultimately affect dispatcher workload. Thus, this thesis presents a model of dispatcher workload. While automation may be the most pressing change in transportation industries, 10 variables related to configurations of the fleet and the operations center and how those variables interact to influence dispatcher workload were defined. These ten variables come from fleet conditions, strategic design factors, tactical staffing factors, and operational factors. A discrete event simulation was developed to computationally model dispatcher workload with over 10 18 possible configurations of these variables. Additionally, using time-based metrics and integrating results from a prior human reliability assessment, the simulation predicts human error on tasks. A multi-level validation strategy was developed to build internal, external, and general confidence in using the dispatcher workload model across different domains with data from freight railroad, commuter railroad, and airline operations. In the process of developing a

关键词： robotics Operations research Transportation advanced transportation systems engineering discrete event simulation dispatch operations research human performance modeling human-robot interaction design operator workload

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A pupil response system using hemispherical displays for enhancing affective conveyance

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JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MECHANICAL design SYSTEMS AND MANUFACTURING 2019年第2期13卷

作者： Sejima, Yoshihiro Egawa, Shoichi Sato, Yoichiro Watanabe, Tomio Kansai Univ Fac Informat 2-1-1 Ryozenji Cho Takatsuki Osaka 5691095 Japan Okayama Prefectural Univ Grad Sch Comp Sci & Syst Engn 111 Kuboki Soja Okayama 7191197 Japan Okayama Prefectural Univ Fac Comp Sci & Syst Engn 111 Kuboki Soja Okayama 7191197 Japan

In human interaction and communication, not only verbal messages but also nonverbal behaviors such as facial expressions, body movements, gazes and pupil responses play an important role in expressions of talker's affect. These expressions encourage to read the emotional cues and to cause the sharing of embodiment and empathy. We focused on the pupil response which is closely related to human affect, and developed an embodied communication system in which an interactive CG character generates the pupil response as well as communicative actions and movements such as nodding and body movements by speech input. In addition, it was confirmed that the pupil response is effective for supporting the embodied interaction and communication using the developed system. In this paper, in order to realize the smooth interaction between human and robot, we developed a pupil response system using hemispherical displays for enhancing affective conveyance. This system looks like robot's eyeballs and expresses vivid pupil response by speech input. We carried out a sensory evaluation experiment under the condition that the developed system speaks. The results demonstrated that the system effectively enhances affective conveyance.

关键词： human interface human-robot interaction design Kansei and affective engineering Media representation Empathy Pupil response

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A body contact-driven pupil response pet-robot for enhancing affinity

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JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MECHANICAL design SYSTEMS AND MANUFACTURING 2021年第5期15卷

作者： Sejima, Yoshihiro Sato, Yoichiro Watanabe, Tomio Kansai Univ Fac Informat 2-1-1 Ryozenji Cho Takatsuki Osaka 5691095 Japan Okayama Prefectural Univ Fac Comp Sci & Syst Engn 111 Kuboki Soja Okayama 7191197 Japan

Dilated pupil response has effects on favorable impression to human. Focusing on the pupil response in human robot interaction, we have developed a pupil response system using hemisphere displays and confirmed that the pupil response is effective for enhancing affective conveyance in human-robot interaction. In this study, for the basic research of realizing a friendly communication during embodied interaction between human and robot, we analyzed the pupil response during body contact that is closely related to affinity using a pupil measurement device. On the basis of the analysis results, we developed a pupil response pet-robot for enhancing affinity in human-robot interaction. This pet-robot generates the pupil response based on the body contact using small displays in which the 3D CG model of pupil and iris is represented, and can impress cuteness and familiarity. The effectiveness of the developed pet-robot with dilation of the pupil response at 2.0 limes during body contact was demonstrated by sensory evaluations.

关键词： human interface human-robot interaction design Kansei and affective engineering Media representation Empathy Pupil response

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A video communication system with a virtual pupil CG superimposed on the partner's pupil

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JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MECHANICAL design SYSTEMS AND MANUFACTURING 2020年第6期14卷

作者： Sejima, Yoshihiro Maeda, Ryosuke Sato, Yoichiro Watanabe, Tomio Kansai Univ Fac Informat 2-1-1 Ryozenji Cho Takatsuki Osaka 5691095 Japan YAZAKI Corp Niimi Factory 2117-1 Nishigata Niimi Okayama 7180017 Japan Okayama Prefectural Univ Fac Comp Sci & Syst Engn 111 Kuboki Soja Okayama 7191197 Japan

Pupil response plays an important role in expression of talker's affect in an embodied interaction and communication. Focusing on the pupil response in human voice communication, we analyzed the pupil response during utterance, and demonstrated that the pupil enlarges and contracts in synchronization with the burst-pause (ON-OFF) of the utterance. In addition, it was confirmed that the pupil response is effective for enhancing affective conveyance by using the developed system in which an interactive CG character generates the pupil response based on the synchronization with the burst-pause of utterance. In this study, we developed a video communication system with a virtual pupil CG superimposed on the partner's pupil for enhancing affective conveyance. This system generates a virtual pupil response in synchronization with the talker's burst-pause of utterance. We performed a communication experiment under the condition that the virtual pupil CG is generated by being synchronized with the talker's burst-pause of utterance. The effectiveness of the system was demonstrated by means of sensory evaluations of 12 pairs of participants in the video communication.

关键词： human interface human-robot interaction design Kansei and affective engineering Media representation Empathy Pupil response

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