检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Facial averageness and attractiveness in an isolated population of hunter-gatherers

PERCEPTION 2007年第12期36卷 1813-1820页

作者： Apicella, Coren L. Little, Anthony C. Marlowe, Frank W. Harvard Univ Dept Anthropol Cambridge MA 02138 USA Univ Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA Scotland Florida State Univ Tallahassee FL 32306 USA

Average faces possess traits that are common to a population. Preferences for averageness have been found in several types of study of both real and computer-manipulated faces. Such preferences have been proposed to be biologically based and thus should be found across human populations, though cross-cultural evidence to date has been limited. In this study we examined preferences for averageness in both the West and in an isolated hunter-gatherer society, the Hadza of Northern Tanzania in Africa. We show that averageness is generally preferred across faces and cultures, but there were no significant preferences for averageness in European faces by Hadza judges. The different visual experience of the two cultures may explain the differences in preferences. While Westerners have visual experience of both European and African faces, the Hadza are limited in their experience of European faces, potentially leading to a lack of preference for averageness in this group because of the lack of a representation of the 'norm' of European faces.

关键词： Adolescent Adult Cross-Cultural Comparison Esthetics/psychology Europe Face/anatomy & histology Female Form Perception/physiology Humans image processing, computer-assisted Male Middle Aged Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology Sex Factors Statistics as Topic Tanzania

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural substrates of the interaction of emotional stimulus processing and motor inhibitory control:: An emotional linguistic go/no-go fMRI study

引用

NEUROimage 2007年第3期36卷 1026-1040页

作者： Goldstein, Martin Brendel, Gary Tuescher, Oliver Pan, Hong Epstein, Jane Beutel, Manfred Yang, Yihong Thomas, Katherine Levy, Kenneth Silverman, Michael Clarkin, Jonathon Posner, Michael Kernberg, Otto Stern, Emily Silbersweig, David CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med Dept Neurol New York NY 10021 USA Cornell Univ Weill Med Coll Dept Psychiat Funct Neuroimaging Lab Ithaca NY 14853 USA Univ Freiburg Dept Neurol D-7800 Freiburg Germany Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz Dept Psychosomat Med & Psychotherapy Giessen Germany NIDA NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA Univ Minnesota Inst Child Dev Minneapolis MN 55455 USA Univ Oregon Inst Neurosci Eugene OR 97403 USA Penn State Univ Dept Psychol University Pk PA 16802 USA

Neural substrates of behavioral inhibitory control have been probed in a variety of animal model, physiologic, behavioral, and imaging studies, many emphasizing the role of prefrontal circuits. Likewise, the neurocircuitry of emotion has been investigated from a variety of perspectives. Recently, neural mechanisms mediating the interaction of emotion and behavioral regulation have become the focus of intense study. To further define neurocircuitry specifically underlying the interaction between emotional processing and response inhibition, we developed an emotional linguistic go/no-go fMRI paradigm with a factorial block design which joins explicit inhibitory task demand (i.e., go or no-go) with task-unrelated incidental emotional stimulus valence manipulation, to probe the modulation of the former by the latter. In this study of normal subjects focusing on negative emotional processing, we hypothesized activity changes in specific frontal neocortical and limbic regions reflecting modulation of response inhibition by negative stimulus processing. We observed common fronto-limbic activations (including orbitofrontal cortical and amygdalar components) associated with the interaction of emotional stimulus processing and response suppression. Further, we found a distributed cortico-limbic network to be a candidate neural substrate for the interaction of negative valence-specific processing and inhibitory task demand. These findings have implications for elucidating neural mechanisms of emotional modulation of behavioral control, with relevance to a variety of neuropsychiatric disease states marked by behavioral dysregulation within the context of negative emotional processing. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adolescent Adult Brain/physiology Brain Mapping Brain Mapping Data Interpretation, Statistical Emotions/physiology Female Functional Laterality/physiology Humans image processing, computer-assisted Limbic System/physiology Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Movement/physiology Nerve Net/physiology Neuropsychological Tests Prefrontal Cortex/physiology Psychomotor Performance/physiology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The cognitive control network: Integrated cortical regions with dissociable functions

引用

NEUROimage 2007年第1期37卷 343-360页

作者： Cole, Michael W. Schneider, Walter Univ Pittsburgh Ctr Neural Basis Cognit Ctr Neurosci Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Univ Pittsburgh Ctr Learning Res & Dev Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Univ Pittsburgh Dept Neurosci Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Univ Pittsburgh Dept Psychol Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA

Consensus across hundreds of published studies indicates that the same cortical regions are involved in many forms of cognitive control. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we found that these coactive regions form a functionally connected cognitive control network (CCN). Network status was identified by convergent methods, including: high inter-regional correlations during rest and task performance, consistently higher correlations within the CCN than the rest of cortex, co-activation in a visual search task, and mutual sensitivity to decision difficulty. Regions within the CCN include anterior cingulate cortex/pre- supplementary motor area (ACC/ pSMA), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), inferior frontal junction (IFJ), anterior insular cortex (AIC), dorsal pre-motor cortex (dPMC), and posterior parietal cortex (PPC). We used a novel visual line search task which included periods when the probe stimuli were occluded but subjects had to maintain and update working memory in preparation for the sudden appearance of a probe stimulus. The six CCN regions operated as a tightly coupled network during the 'nonoccluded' portions of this task, with all regions responding to probe events. In contrast, the network was differentiated during occluded search. DLPFC, not ACC/pSMA, was involved in target memory maintenance when probes were absent, while both regions became active in preparation for difficult probes at the end of each occluded period. This approach illustrates one way in which a neuronal network can be identified, its high functional connectivity established, and its components dissociated in order to better understand the interactive and specialized internal mechanisms of that network. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adult Attention/physiology Cerebral Cortex/physiology Discrimination Learning/physiology Dominance, Cerebral/physiology Female Frontal Lobe/physiology Gyrus Cinguli/physiology Humans image processing, computer-assisted Imaging, Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Memory, Short-Term/physiology Motor Cortex/physiology Nerve Net/physiology Orientation/physiology Oxygen/blood Parietal Lobe/physiology Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology Perceptual Masking/physiology Prefrontal Cortex/physiology Reaction Time/physiology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Attention and reality constraints on the neural processes of empathy for pain

引用

NEUROimage 2007年第1期36卷 256-267页

作者： Gu, Xiaosi Han, Shihui Peking Univ Dept Psychol Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Peking Univ Funct Imaging Ctr Acad Adv Interdisciplinary Studies Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Recent brain imaging studies have shown that the neural substrates underlying the ability to infer and share the feeling of pain of other individuals overlap with the pain matrix that mediates the process of one's own pain. While there has been evidence that the neural activity mediating pain experience is influenced by top-down attention, it remains unclear whether the neural substrates of empathy for pain are modulated by top-down controlled mechanisms. The current work investigated whether the neural correlates of empathic processes of pain are altered by task demand and prior knowledge of stimulus reality. Subjects were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while watching pictures or cartoons of hands that were in painful or neutral situations. Subjects were asked either to evaluate pain intensity supposedly felt by the model or to count the number of hands in the stimulus displays. Relative to counting neutral stimuli, rating pain intensity of painful pictures and cartoons induced increased activation in ACC/paracingulate and the right middle frontal gyrus. Rating pain intensity also activated the inferior frontal cortex bilaterally and the right insula/putamen for pictures but activated the left parietal cortex, the postcentral gyros, and the occipitotemporal cortex for cartoons. However, the neural activities related to pain rating were eliminated when subjects counted the number of hands in the painful stimuli. In addition, the ACC activity associated with empathy for pain was stronger for the pictures than for the cartoons. Our findings indicate that the involvement of the neural substrates underlying pain-related empathy is constrained by topdown attention and contextual reality of stimuli. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adult Attention/physiology Brain/physiopathology Brain Mapping Brain Mapping Empathy Female Frontal Lobe/physiopathology Gyrus Cinguli/physiopathology Humans image processing, computer-assisted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Nerve Net/physiopathology Nucleus Accumbens/physiopathology Pain/physiopathology Pain/psychology Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology Reality Testing

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The NIH MRI study of normal brain development (Objective-2): Newborns, infants, toddlers, and preschoolers

引用

NEUROimage 2007年第1期35卷 308-325页

作者： Almli, C. R. Rivkin, M. J. McKinstry, R. C. Washington Univ Sch Med Dev Neuropsychobiol Lab Dept Neurol St Louis MO 63130 USA Washington Univ Sch Med Dev Neuropsychobiol Lab Dept Psychol St Louis MO 63130 USA Washington Univ Sch Med Dev Neuropsychobiol Lab Program Neurosci St Louis MO 63130 USA Washington Univ Sch Med Dev Neuropsychobiol Lab Program Occupat Therapy St Louis MO 63130 USA Harvard Univ Childrens Hosp Sch Med Dept Neurol Boston MA 02115 USA Harvard Univ Childrens Hosp Sch Med Dept Psychiat Boston MA 02115 USA Harvard Univ Childrens Hosp Sch Med Dept Radiol Boston MA 02115 USA Washington Univ Ctr Med Mallinckrodt Inst Radiol St Louis MO 63130 USA Washington Univ Ctr Med St Louis Childrens Hosp St Louis MO 63130 USA

The Magn. Reson. Imaging (MRI) study of normal brain development currently conducted by the Brain Development Cooperative Group represents the most extensive MRI study of brain and behavioral development from birth through young adulthood ever conducted. This multi-center project, sponsored by four Institutes of the National Institutes of Health, uses a combined longitudinal and cross-sectional design to characterize normal, healthy brain and behavioral development. Children, ages newborn through 18-plus years of age, receive comprehensive behavioral, neurological and multimodal MRI evaluations via Objective-2 (birth through 4-years 5-months of age) and Objective-1 (4-years 6-months through 18 years of age and older). This report presents methods (e.g., neurobehavioral assessment, brain scan) and representative preliminary results (e.g., growth, behavior, brain development) for children from newborn through 4-years 5-months of age. To date, 75 participants from birth through 4-years 5-months have been successfully brain scanned during natural sleep (i.e., without sedation);most with multiple longitudinal scans (i.e., 45 children completing at least three scans, 22 completing four or more scans). Results from this younger age range will increase our knowledge and understanding of healthy brain and neurobehavioral development throughout an important, dynamic, and rapid growth period within the human life span;determine developmental associations among measures of brain, other physical characteristics, and behavior;and facilitate the development of automated, quantitative MR image analyses for neonates, infants and young children. The correlated brain MRI and neurobehavioral database will be released for use by the research and clinical communities at a future date. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aging/physiology Brain/anatomy & histology Brain/growth & development Brain Chemistry Child Child Behavior Child, Preschool Cohort Studies Cross-Sectional Studies Databases, Factual Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Ethnic Groups Female Humans image processing, computer-assisted Infant Infant Behavior Infant, Newborn Longitudinal Studies Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Male National Institutes of Health (U.S.) Neuropsychological Tests Quality Control Reference Values Reproducibility of Results United States

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Critical role of FLT3 ligand in IL-7 receptor-independent T lymphopoiesis and regulation of lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors

引用

BLOOD 2007年第8期110卷 2955-2964页

作者： Sitnicka, Ewa Buza-Vidas, Natalija Ahlenius, Henrik Cilio, Corrado M. Gekas, Christos Nygren, Jens M. Mansson, Robert Cheng, Min Jensen, Christina T. Svensson, Marcus Leandersson, Karin Agace, William W. Sigvardsson, Mikael Jacobsen, Sten Eirik W. Lund Univ Lund Strateg Res Ctr Stem Cell Biol & Cell Therap Hematopoiet Stem Cell Lab S-22184 Lund Sweden Malmo Univ Hosp Dept Clin Sci Malmo Sweden Malmo Univ Hosp Dept Paediat Cellular Autoimmun Unit Malmo Sweden Lund Univ Dept Cell & Mol Biol Immunol Sect Lund Sweden

The molecular pathways regulating lymphoid priming, fate, and development of multipotent bone marrow (BM) stem/ progenitor cells that continuously replace thymic progenitors remain largely unknown. Herein, we show that fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) figand (FI)-deficient mice have distinct reductions in the earliest thymic progenitors in fetal, postnatal, and adult thymus. A critical role of FL in thymopoiesis was particularly evident in the absence of interleukin-7 receptor alpha (IL-7R alpha) signaling. FI-/-II-7r(-/-) mice have extensive reductions in fetal and postnatal thymic progenitors that result in a loss of active thymopoiesis in adult mice, demonstrating an indispensable role of FL in IL-7R alpha independent fetal and adult T lymphopoiesis. Moreover, we establish a unique and critical role of FL, distinct from that of IL-7R alpha, in regulation of the earliest lineage-negative (Lin(-)) Lin(-)SCA1(+)KIT(+) (LSK) FLT3(hi) lymphoid primed multipotent progenitors in BM, demonstrating a key role of FLT3 signaling in regulating the very earliest stages of lymphoid progenitors.

关键词： Animals Base Sequence B-Lymphocytes/cytology B-Lymphocytes/immunology Bone Marrow Cells/immunology Cell Differentiation/immunology Fetus Flow Cytometry Flow Cytometry Fluorescent Antibody Technique Fluorescent Antibody Technique Gene Expression/immunology Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology Hematopoietic Stem Cells/immunology image processing, computer-assisted Lymphopoiesis/physiology Membrane Proteins/metabolism Mice Molecular Sequence Data Polymerase Chain Reaction Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics Receptors, Interleukin-7/metabolism Thymus Gland/embryology Thymus Gland/immunology Thymus Gland/pathology T-Lymphocytes/cytology T-Lymphocytes/immunology T-Lymphocytes/metabolism

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Amplitude of low frequency fluctuation within visual areas revealed by resting-state functional MRI

引用

NEUROimage 2007年第1期36卷 144-152页

作者： Yang, Hong Long, Xiang-Yu Yang, Yihong Yan, Hao Zhu, Chao-Zhe Zhou, Xiang-Ping Zang, Yu-Feng Gong, Qi-Yong Beijing Normal Univ State Key Lab Cognit Neurosci & Learning Beijing 100875 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ W China Hosp Dept Radiol HMRRC Chengdu Peoples R China NIDA Neuroimaging Res Branch NIH Baltimore MD 21042 USA Peking Univ Inst Mental Hlth Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Univ Liverpool Fac Med Div Med Imaging Liverpool L69 3GB Merseyside England

Most studies of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have applied the temporal correlation in the time courses to investigate the functional connectivity between brain regions. Alternatively, the power of low frequency fluctuation (LFF) may also be used as a biomarker to assess spontaneous activity. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate whether the amplitude of the LFF (ALFF) relates to cerebral physiological states. Ten healthy subjects underwent four resting-state fMRI scanning sessions, two for eyes-open (EO) and two for eyes-closed (EC) conditions, with two sets of parameters (TR=400 ms and 2 s, respectively). After data preprocessing, ALFF was obtained by calculating the square root of the power spectrum in the frequency range of 0.01-0.08 Hz. Our results showed that the ALFF in EO was significantly higher than that in EC (P<0.05, corrected) in the bilateral visual cortices. Furthermore, the ALFF in EO was significantly reduced in the right paracentral lobule (PCL) than in EC (P<0.05, corrected). Region of interest (ROI) analysis showed that the ALFF differences between EO and EC were consistent for each subject. In contrast, no significant ALFF differences were found between EO and EC (P<0.381) in the posterior cingulate cortex. All these results agree well with previous studies comparing EO and EC states. Our finding of the distinct ALFF difference between EO and EC in the visual cortex implies that the ALFF may be a novel biomarker for physiological states of the brain. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adult Arousal/physiology Brain Mapping Brain Mapping Cerebellum/physiology Dominance, Cerebral/physiology Female Gyrus Cinguli/physiology Humans image processing, computer-assisted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Occipital Lobe/physiology Rest/physiology Visual Cortex/physiology Visual Pathways/physiology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Developmental differences in the neural bases of the face inversion effect show progressive tuning of face-selective regions to the upright orientation

引用

NEUROimage 2007年第4期34卷 1708-1722页

作者： Passarotti, A. M. Smith, J. DeLano, M. Huang, J. Michigan State Univ Cognit Sci & Neurosci Program 1 Dept Psychol E Lansing MI 48824 USA Michigan State Univ Dept Radiol E Lansing MI 48824 USA

Face inversion hinders face processing in adults, while not affecting children in the same way. This fMRI study examines the neural underpinnings of the behavioral face inversion effect (FIE) from childhood to adulthood, and how face-selective regions in the brain may change with development. Adults, children, and teens performed a facial expression decision on upright and inverted face stimuli. In the right hemisphere (RH) all age groups showed similar profiles of neural activation for upright faces, but important developmental differences occured for inverted faces. For inverted faces, adults, and to a lesser degree teens, exhibited decreased levels of activity in the face-selective, right lateral fusiform gyrus (LFG). However, children exhibited greater activation for inverted than for upright faces in the same region. We found similar, but less robust, developmental trends in the right superior temporal sulcus (STS) and medial fusiform gyros (MFG). Furthermore, the present study identifies the right LFG as the primary neural correlate of the behavioral FIE, and therefore of face processing expertise, by showing a significant correlation between the behavioral FIE and the neural FIE only in this region. Finally, the present findings shed some light on at least one of the possible mechanisms underlying the development of face processing expertise, by suggesting a progressive tuning of face-selective regions in the right hemisphere to the upright orientation, that extends well into adolescence. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adolescent Adult Brain/physiology Brain Mapping Brain Mapping Child Emotions Face Facial Expression Humans image processing, computer-assisted Orientation/physiology Patient Selection Photic Stimulation Posture Recognition (Psychology) Reference Values

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Orientation sensitivity to graspable objects: An fMRI adaptation study

引用

NEUROimage 2007年第Sup2期36卷 T87-T93页

作者： Rice, Nichola J. Valyear, Kenneth F. Goodale, Melvyn A. Milner, A. David Culham, Jody C. Univ Western Ontario Dept Psychol CIHR Grp Act & Percept London ON N6A 5C2 Canada Brandeis Univ Volen Ctr Complex Syst Waltham MA 02254 USA Univ Durham Wolfson Res Inst Cognit Neurosci Res Unit Stockton on Tees England

It has been proposed that vision-for-perception and vision-for-action are subserved by distinct streams of visual processing, the ventral and dorsal stream, respectively [Milner, A. D., Goodale, M. A., 1995. The visual brain in action. Oxford University Press, Oxford]. Such a distinction has been supported by a recent functional magnetic resonance (fMR) adaptation study [Valyear, K. F., Culham, J. C., Sharif, N., Westwood, D., Goodale, M. A., 2006. A double dissociation between sensitivity to changes in object identity and object orientation in the ventral and dorsal visual streams: A human fMRI study. Neuropsychologia 44, 218-228], which demonstrated selectivity to object identity but not object orientation within the ventral stream, and selectivity to object orientation but not object identity within the dorsal stream. These results were interpreted as suggesting that changes to object identity (but not to orientation) would alter the representation of the stimulus in the perceptual/recognition system, whereas changes in object orientation (but not necessarily identity) would alter the coding of the stimulus within a visuomotor system concerned with behaviour such as grasping. If orientation sensitivity in the dorsal stream does reflect such a potential for action, then this sensitivity should be specific to graspable objects. Using an fMR adaptation paradigm, we presented participants with an image of either a graspable or non-graspable stimulus, followed by the same image in either the original orientation or its mirror image. One region within the dorsal stream, the lateral occipito-parietal junction (IOPJ), was shown to be sensitive to orientation changes for graspable stimuli;this region did not show orientation sensitivity for non-graspable stimuli. Thus, it appears that the sensitivity to orientation changes in this region is specific to graspable objects, presumably because such changes affect the affordances of graspable but not non-graspable objects. (C)

关键词： Adult Brain Mapping Brain Mapping Female Humans image processing, computer-assisted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Middle Aged Occipital Lobe/physiology Orientation/physiology Parietal Lobe/physiology Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology Psychomotor Performance/physiology Space Perception/physiology Visual Perception/physiology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

3D pattern of brain abnormalities in Williams syndrome visualized using tensor-based morphometry

引用

NEUROimage 2007年第4期36卷 1096-1109页

作者： Chiang, Ming-Chang Reiss, Allan L. Lee, Agatha D. Bellugi, Ursula Galaburda, Albert M. Korenberg, Julie R. Mills, Debra L. Toga, Arthur W. Thompson, Paul M. Univ Calif Los Angeles Sch Med Dept Neurol Brain Mapping DivLab Neuro Imaging Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Stanford Univ Sch Med Ctr Interdisciplinary Brain Sci & Res Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci Stanford CA 94305 USA Salk Inst Biol Studies Cognit Neurosci Lab La Jolla CA 92037 USA Harvard Med Sch Dept Neurol Boston MA 02215 USA Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Pediat Cedars Sinai Med Ctr Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Emory Univ Dept Psychol Atlanta GA 30322 USA

Williams syndrome (WS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with deletion of similar to 20 contiguous genes in chromosome band 7q11.23. Individuals with WS exhibit mild to moderate mental retardation, but are relatively more proficient in specific language and musical abilities. We used tensor-based morphometry (TBM) to visualize the complex pattern of gray/white matter reductions in WS, based on fluid registration of structural brain images. Methods: 3D T1-weighted brain MRIs of 41 WS subjects (age [mean +/- SD]: 29.2 +/- 9.2 years;23F/18M) and 39 age-matched healthy controls (age: 27.5 +/- 7.4 years;23F/16M) were fluidly registered to a minimum deformation target. Fine-scale volumetric differences were mapped between diagnostic groups. Local regions were identified where regional structure volumes were associated with diagnosis, and with intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. Brain asymmetry was also mapped and compared between diagnostic groups. Results: WS subjects exhibited widely distributed brain volume reductions (similar to 10-15% reduction;P< 0.0002, permutation test). After adjusting for total brain volume, the frontal lobes, anterior cingulate, superior temporal gyrus, amygdala, fusiform gyrus and cerebellum were found to be relatively preserved in WS, but parietal and occipital lobes, thalamus and basal ganglia, and midbrain were disproportionally decreased in volume (P<0.0002). These regional volumes also correlated positively with performance IQ in adult WS subjects (age >= 30 years, P=0.038). Conclusion: TBM facilitates 3D visualization of brain volume reductions in WS. Reduced parietal/occipital volumes may be associated with visuospatial deficits in WS. By contrast, frontal lobes, amygdala, and cingulate gyms are relatively preserved or even enlarged, consistent with unusual affect regulation and language production in WS. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adolescent Adult Atrophy Brain/pathology Child Dominance, Cerebral/physiology Female Humans image processing, computer-assisted Imaging, Three-Dimensional Intelligence/physiology Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Middle Aged Williams Syndrome/diagnosis

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：